Copyright	(c) 2016 Stephen Diehl (c) 2016-2018 Serokell (c) 2018-2020 Kowainik
License	MIT
Maintainer	Kowainik <xrom.xkov@gmail.com>
Stability	Stable
Portability	Portable
Safe Haskell	Safe
Language	Haskell2010

Relude.Functor.Reexport

Description

Reexports functionality regarding Functor and Bifunctor typeclasses.

Synopsis

class Bifunctor (p :: Type -> Type -> Type) where
- bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> p a c -> p b d
- first :: (a -> b) -> p a c -> p b c
- second :: (b -> c) -> p a b -> p a c
class Functor (f :: Type -> Type) where
- fmap :: (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
- (<$) :: a -> f b -> f a
void :: Functor f => f a -> f ()
($>) :: Functor f => f a -> b -> f b
(<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
newtype Compose (f :: k -> Type) (g :: k1 -> k) (a :: k1) :: forall k k1. (k -> Type) -> (k1 -> k) -> k1 -> Type = Compose {
- getCompose :: f (g a)
}
newtype Identity a = Identity {
- runIdentity :: a
}
comparisonEquivalence :: Comparison a -> Equivalence a
defaultEquivalence :: Eq a => Equivalence a
defaultComparison :: Ord a => Comparison a
(>$$<) :: Contravariant f => f b -> (a -> b) -> f a
(>$<) :: Contravariant f => (a -> b) -> f b -> f a
($<) :: Contravariant f => f b -> b -> f a
phantom :: (Functor f, Contravariant f) => f a -> f b
class Contravariant (f :: Type -> Type) where
- contramap :: (a -> b) -> f b -> f a
- (>$) :: b -> f b -> f a
newtype Predicate a = Predicate {
- getPredicate :: a -> Bool
}
newtype Comparison a = Comparison {
- getComparison :: a -> a -> Ordering
}
newtype Equivalence a = Equivalence {
- getEquivalence :: a -> a -> Bool
}
newtype Op a b = Op {
- getOp :: b -> a
}

Documentation

class Bifunctor (p :: Type -> Type -> Type) where #

A bifunctor is a type constructor that takes two type arguments and is a functor in both arguments. That is, unlike with Functor, a type constructor such as Either does not need to be partially applied for a Bifunctor instance, and the methods in this class permit mapping functions over the Left value or the Right value, or both at the same time.

Formally, the class Bifunctor represents a bifunctor from Hask -> Hask.

Intuitively it is a bifunctor where both the first and second arguments are covariant.

You can define a Bifunctor by either defining bimap or by defining both first and second.

If you supply bimap, you should ensure that:

bimap id id ≡ id

If you supply first and second, ensure:

first id ≡ id
second id ≡ id

If you supply both, you should also ensure:

bimap f g ≡ first f . second g

These ensure by parametricity:

bimap  (f . g) (h . i) ≡ bimap f h . bimap g i
first  (f . g) ≡ first  f . first  g
second (f . g) ≡ second f . second g

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Minimal complete definition

bimap | first, second

Methods

bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> p a c -> p b d #

Map over both arguments at the same time.

bimap f g ≡ first f . second g

Examples

Expand

>>> bimap toUpper (+1) ('j', 3)
('J',4)

>>> bimap toUpper (+1) (Left 'j')
Left 'J'

>>> bimap toUpper (+1) (Right 3)
Right 4

first :: (a -> b) -> p a c -> p b c #

Map covariantly over the first argument.

first f ≡ bimap f id

Examples

Expand

>>> first toUpper ('j', 3)
('J',3)

>>> first toUpper (Left 'j')
Left 'J'

second :: (b -> c) -> p a b -> p a c #

Map covariantly over the second argument.

second ≡ bimap id

Examples

Expand

>>> second (+1) ('j', 3)
('j',4)

>>> second (+1) (Right 3)
Right 4

Instances

Bifunctor Either	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Bifunctor Methods bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> Either a c -> Either b d # first :: (a -> b) -> Either a c -> Either b c # second :: (b -> c) -> Either a b -> Either a c #
Bifunctor (,)	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Bifunctor Methods bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> (a, c) -> (b, d) # first :: (a -> b) -> (a, c) -> (b, c) # second :: (b -> c) -> (a, b) -> (a, c) #
Bifunctor Arg	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> Arg a c -> Arg b d # first :: (a -> b) -> Arg a c -> Arg b c # second :: (b -> c) -> Arg a b -> Arg a c #
Bifunctor Validation Source #
Instance details Defined in Relude.Extra.Validation Methods bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> Validation a c -> Validation b d # first :: (a -> b) -> Validation a c -> Validation b c # second :: (b -> c) -> Validation a b -> Validation a c #
Bifunctor ((,,) x1)	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Bifunctor Methods bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> (x1, a, c) -> (x1, b, d) # first :: (a -> b) -> (x1, a, c) -> (x1, b, c) # second :: (b -> c) -> (x1, a, b) -> (x1, a, c) #
Bifunctor (Const :: Type -> Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Bifunctor Methods bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> Const a c -> Const b d # first :: (a -> b) -> Const a c -> Const b c # second :: (b -> c) -> Const a b -> Const a c #
Bifunctor (K1 i :: Type -> Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Bifunctor Methods bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> K1 i a c -> K1 i b d # first :: (a -> b) -> K1 i a c -> K1 i b c # second :: (b -> c) -> K1 i a b -> K1 i a c #
Bifunctor ((,,,) x1 x2)	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Bifunctor Methods bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> (x1, x2, a, c) -> (x1, x2, b, d) # first :: (a -> b) -> (x1, x2, a, c) -> (x1, x2, b, c) # second :: (b -> c) -> (x1, x2, a, b) -> (x1, x2, a, c) #
Bifunctor ((,,,,) x1 x2 x3)	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Bifunctor Methods bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> (x1, x2, x3, a, c) -> (x1, x2, x3, b, d) # first :: (a -> b) -> (x1, x2, x3, a, c) -> (x1, x2, x3, b, c) # second :: (b -> c) -> (x1, x2, x3, a, b) -> (x1, x2, x3, a, c) #
Bifunctor ((,,,,,) x1 x2 x3 x4)	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Bifunctor Methods bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, a, c) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, b, d) # first :: (a -> b) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, a, c) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, b, c) # second :: (b -> c) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, a, b) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, a, c) #
Bifunctor ((,,,,,,) x1 x2 x3 x4 x5)	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Bifunctor Methods bimap :: (a -> b) -> (c -> d) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, a, c) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, b, d) # first :: (a -> b) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, a, c) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, b, c) # second :: (b -> c) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, a, b) -> (x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, a, c) #

class Functor (f :: Type -> Type) where #

The Functor class is used for types that can be mapped over. Instances of Functor should satisfy the following laws:

fmap id  ==  id
fmap (f . g)  ==  fmap f . fmap g

The instances of Functor for lists, Maybe and IO satisfy these laws.

Minimal complete definition

fmap

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> f a -> f b #

(<$) :: a -> f b -> f a infixl 4 #

Replace all locations in the input with the same value. The default definition is fmap . const, but this may be overridden with a more efficient version.

Instances

Functor []	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b] # (<$) :: a -> [b] -> [a] #
Functor Maybe	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b # (<$) :: a -> Maybe b -> Maybe a #
Functor IO	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> IO a -> IO b # (<$) :: a -> IO b -> IO a #
Functor Par1	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Par1 a -> Par1 b # (<$) :: a -> Par1 b -> Par1 a #
Functor Complex	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Complex Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Complex a -> Complex b # (<$) :: a -> Complex b -> Complex a #
Functor Min	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Min a -> Min b # (<$) :: a -> Min b -> Min a #
Functor Max	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Max a -> Max b # (<$) :: a -> Max b -> Max a #
Functor First	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> First a -> First b # (<$) :: a -> First b -> First a #
Functor Last	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Last a -> Last b # (<$) :: a -> Last b -> Last a #
Functor Option	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Option a -> Option b # (<$) :: a -> Option b -> Option a #
Functor ZipList	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in Control.Applicative Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> ZipList a -> ZipList b # (<$) :: a -> ZipList b -> ZipList a #
Functor Identity	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Identity a -> Identity b # (<$) :: a -> Identity b -> Identity a #
Functor Handler	Since: base-4.6.0.0
Instance details Defined in Control.Exception Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Handler a -> Handler b # (<$) :: a -> Handler b -> Handler a #
Functor STM	Since: base-4.3.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Conc.Sync Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> STM a -> STM b # (<$) :: a -> STM b -> STM a #
Functor First	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Monoid Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> First a -> First b # (<$) :: a -> First b -> First a #
Functor Last	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Monoid Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Last a -> Last b # (<$) :: a -> Last b -> Last a #
Functor Dual	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Dual a -> Dual b # (<$) :: a -> Dual b -> Dual a #
Functor Sum	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Sum a -> Sum b # (<$) :: a -> Sum b -> Sum a #
Functor Product	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Product a -> Product b # (<$) :: a -> Product b -> Product a #
Functor Down	Since: base-4.11.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Ord Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Down a -> Down b # (<$) :: a -> Down b -> Down a #
Functor ReadPrec	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadPrec Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec b # (<$) :: a -> ReadPrec b -> ReadPrec a #
Functor ReadP	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> ReadP a -> ReadP b # (<$) :: a -> ReadP b -> ReadP a #
Functor NonEmpty	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty b # (<$) :: a -> NonEmpty b -> NonEmpty a #
Functor Put
Instance details Defined in Data.ByteString.Builder.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Put a -> Put b # (<$) :: a -> Put b -> Put a #
Functor IntMap
Instance details Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b # (<$) :: a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a #
Functor Tree
Instance details Defined in Data.Tree Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Tree a -> Tree b # (<$) :: a -> Tree b -> Tree a #
Functor Seq
Instance details Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Seq a -> Seq b # (<$) :: a -> Seq b -> Seq a #
Functor FingerTree
Instance details Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> FingerTree a -> FingerTree b # (<$) :: a -> FingerTree b -> FingerTree a #
Functor Digit
Instance details Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Digit a -> Digit b # (<$) :: a -> Digit b -> Digit a #
Functor Node
Instance details Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Node a -> Node b # (<$) :: a -> Node b -> Node a #
Functor Elem
Instance details Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Elem a -> Elem b # (<$) :: a -> Elem b -> Elem a #
Functor ViewL
Instance details Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> ViewL a -> ViewL b # (<$) :: a -> ViewL b -> ViewL a #
Functor ViewR
Instance details Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> ViewR a -> ViewR b # (<$) :: a -> ViewR b -> ViewR a #
Functor P	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> P a -> P b # (<$) :: a -> P b -> P a #
Functor (Either a)	Since: base-3.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Either Methods fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> Either a a0 -> Either a b # (<$) :: a0 -> Either a b -> Either a a0 #
Functor (V1 :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> V1 a -> V1 b # (<$) :: a -> V1 b -> V1 a #
Functor (U1 :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> U1 a -> U1 b # (<$) :: a -> U1 b -> U1 a #
Functor ((,) a)	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> (a, a0) -> (a, b) # (<$) :: a0 -> (a, b) -> (a, a0) #
Functor (Array i)	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in GHC.Arr Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Array i a -> Array i b # (<$) :: a -> Array i b -> Array i a #
Functor (Arg a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup Methods fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> Arg a a0 -> Arg a b # (<$) :: a0 -> Arg a b -> Arg a a0 #
Monad m => Functor (WrappedMonad m)	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in Control.Applicative Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b # (<$) :: a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m a #
Arrow a => Functor (ArrowMonad a)	Since: base-4.6.0.0
Instance details Defined in Control.Arrow Methods fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> ArrowMonad a a0 -> ArrowMonad a b # (<$) :: a0 -> ArrowMonad a b -> ArrowMonad a a0 #
Functor (Proxy :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.7.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Proxy Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Proxy a -> Proxy b # (<$) :: a -> Proxy b -> Proxy a #
Functor (Map k)
Instance details Defined in Data.Map.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Map k a -> Map k b # (<$) :: a -> Map k b -> Map k a #
Functor m => Functor (MaybeT m)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Maybe Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> MaybeT m a -> MaybeT m b # (<$) :: a -> MaybeT m b -> MaybeT m a #
Functor (HashMap k)
Instance details Defined in Data.HashMap.Base Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> HashMap k a -> HashMap k b # (<$) :: a -> HashMap k b -> HashMap k a #
Functor (Validation e) Source #
Instance details Defined in Relude.Extra.Validation Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Validation e a -> Validation e b # (<$) :: a -> Validation e b -> Validation e a #
Functor f => Functor (Rec1 f)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f b # (<$) :: a -> Rec1 f b -> Rec1 f a #
Functor (URec Char :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Char a -> URec Char b # (<$) :: a -> URec Char b -> URec Char a #
Functor (URec Double :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Double a -> URec Double b # (<$) :: a -> URec Double b -> URec Double a #
Functor (URec Float :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Float a -> URec Float b # (<$) :: a -> URec Float b -> URec Float a #
Functor (URec Int :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Int a -> URec Int b # (<$) :: a -> URec Int b -> URec Int a #
Functor (URec Word :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Word a -> URec Word b # (<$) :: a -> URec Word b -> URec Word a #
Functor (URec (Ptr ()) :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> URec (Ptr ()) b # (<$) :: a -> URec (Ptr ()) b -> URec (Ptr ()) a #
Arrow a => Functor (WrappedArrow a b)	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in Control.Applicative Methods fmap :: (a0 -> b0) -> WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 # (<$) :: a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 #
Functor (Const m :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Const Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Const m a -> Const m b # (<$) :: a -> Const m b -> Const m a #
Functor f => Functor (Ap f)	Since: base-4.12.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Monoid Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Ap f a -> Ap f b # (<$) :: a -> Ap f b -> Ap f a #
Functor f => Functor (Alt f)	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Semigroup.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Alt f a -> Alt f b # (<$) :: a -> Alt f b -> Alt f a #
(Applicative f, Monad f) => Functor (WhenMissing f x)	Since: containers-0.5.9
Instance details Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> WhenMissing f x a -> WhenMissing f x b # (<$) :: a -> WhenMissing f x b -> WhenMissing f x a #
Functor m => Functor (IdentityT m)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Identity Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> IdentityT m a -> IdentityT m b # (<$) :: a -> IdentityT m b -> IdentityT m a #
Functor m => Functor (ErrorT e m)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> ErrorT e m a -> ErrorT e m b # (<$) :: a -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m a #
Functor m => Functor (ExceptT e m)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Except Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> ExceptT e m a -> ExceptT e m b # (<$) :: a -> ExceptT e m b -> ExceptT e m a #
Functor m => Functor (StateT s m)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.State.Strict Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> StateT s m a -> StateT s m b # (<$) :: a -> StateT s m b -> StateT s m a #
Functor ((->) r :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-2.1
Instance details Defined in GHC.Base Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> (r -> a) -> r -> b # (<$) :: a -> (r -> b) -> r -> a #
Functor (K1 i c :: Type -> Type)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> K1 i c a -> K1 i c b # (<$) :: a -> K1 i c b -> K1 i c a #
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (f :+: g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> (f :+: g) a -> (f :+: g) b # (<$) :: a -> (f :+: g) b -> (f :+: g) a #
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (f :*: g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> (f :: g) a -> (f :: g) b # (<$) :: a -> (f :: g) b -> (f :: g) a #
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (Product f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Product Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Product f g a -> Product f g b # (<$) :: a -> Product f g b -> Product f g a #
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (Sum f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Sum Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Sum f g a -> Sum f g b # (<$) :: a -> Sum f g b -> Sum f g a #
Functor f => Functor (WhenMatched f x y)	Since: containers-0.5.9
Instance details Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> WhenMatched f x y a -> WhenMatched f x y b # (<$) :: a -> WhenMatched f x y b -> WhenMatched f x y a #
(Applicative f, Monad f) => Functor (WhenMissing f k x)	Since: containers-0.5.9
Instance details Defined in Data.Map.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> WhenMissing f k x a -> WhenMissing f k x b # (<$) :: a -> WhenMissing f k x b -> WhenMissing f k x a #
Functor m => Functor (ReaderT r m)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Reader Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> ReaderT r m a -> ReaderT r m b # (<$) :: a -> ReaderT r m b -> ReaderT r m a #
Functor f => Functor (M1 i c f)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f b # (<$) :: a -> M1 i c f b -> M1 i c f a #
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (f :.: g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in GHC.Generics Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> (f :.: g) a -> (f :.: g) b # (<$) :: a -> (f :.: g) b -> (f :.: g) a #
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (Compose f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g b # (<$) :: a -> Compose f g b -> Compose f g a #
Functor f => Functor (WhenMatched f k x y)	Since: containers-0.5.9
Instance details Defined in Data.Map.Internal Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> WhenMatched f k x y a -> WhenMatched f k x y b # (<$) :: a -> WhenMatched f k x y b -> WhenMatched f k x y a #

void :: Functor f => f a -> f () #

void value discards or ignores the result of evaluation, such as the return value of an IO action.

Examples

Expand

Replace the contents of a Maybe Int with unit:

>>> void Nothing
Nothing
>>> void (Just 3)
Just ()

Replace the contents of an Either Int Int with unit, resulting in an Either Int '()':

>>> void (Left 8675309)
Left 8675309
>>> void (Right 8675309)
Right ()

Replace every element of a list with unit:

>>> void [1,2,3]
[(),(),()]

Replace the second element of a pair with unit:

>>> void (1,2)
(1,())

Discard the result of an IO action:

>>> mapM print [1,2]
1
2
[(),()]
>>> void $ mapM print [1,2]
1
2

($>) :: Functor f => f a -> b -> f b infixl 4 #

Flipped version of <$.

Examples

Expand

Replace the contents of a Maybe Int with a constant String:

>>> Nothing $> "foo"
Nothing
>>> Just 90210 $> "foo"
Just "foo"

Replace the contents of an Either Int Int with a constant String, resulting in an Either Int String:

>>> Left 8675309 $> "foo"
Left 8675309
>>> Right 8675309 $> "foo"
Right "foo"

Replace each element of a list with a constant String:

>>> [1,2,3] $> "foo"
["foo","foo","foo"]

Replace the second element of a pair with a constant String:

>>> (1,2) $> "foo"
(1,"foo")

Since: base-4.7.0.0

(<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b infixl 4 #

An infix synonym for fmap.

The name of this operator is an allusion to $. Note the similarities between their types:

 ($)  ::              (a -> b) ->   a ->   b
(<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b

Whereas $ is function application, <$> is function application lifted over a Functor.

Examples

Expand

Convert from a Maybe Int to a Maybe String using show:

>>> show <$> Nothing
Nothing
>>> show <$> Just 3
Just "3"

Convert from an Either Int Int to an Either Int String using show:

>>> show <$> Left 17
Left 17
>>> show <$> Right 17
Right "17"

Double each element of a list:

>>> (*2) <$> [1,2,3]
[2,4,6]

Apply even to the second element of a pair:

>>> even <$> (2,2)
(2,True)

newtype Compose (f :: k -> Type) (g :: k1 -> k) (a :: k1) :: forall k k1. (k -> Type) -> (k1 -> k) -> k1 -> Type infixr 9 #

Right-to-left composition of functors. The composition of applicative functors is always applicative, but the composition of monads is not always a monad.

Constructors

Compose infixr 9
Fields getCompose :: f (g a)

Instances

Functor f => Generic1 (Compose f g :: k -> Type)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Associated Types type Rep1 (Compose f g) :: k -> Type # Methods from1 :: Compose f g a -> Rep1 (Compose f g) a # to1 :: Rep1 (Compose f g) a -> Compose f g a #
(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (Compose f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g b # (<$) :: a -> Compose f g b -> Compose f g a #
(Applicative f, Applicative g) => Applicative (Compose f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods pure :: a -> Compose f g a # (<>) :: Compose f g (a -> b) -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g b # liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g b -> Compose f g c # (>) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g b -> Compose f g b # (<*) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g b -> Compose f g a #
(Foldable f, Foldable g) => Foldable (Compose f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods fold :: Monoid m => Compose f g m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Compose f g a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Compose f g a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Compose f g a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Compose f g a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Compose f g a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Compose f g a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Compose f g a -> a # toList :: Compose f g a -> [a] # null :: Compose f g a -> Bool # length :: Compose f g a -> Int # elem :: Eq a => a -> Compose f g a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => Compose f g a -> a # minimum :: Ord a => Compose f g a -> a # sum :: Num a => Compose f g a -> a # product :: Num a => Compose f g a -> a #
(Traversable f, Traversable g) => Traversable (Compose f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods traverse :: Applicative f0 => (a -> f0 b) -> Compose f g a -> f0 (Compose f g b) # sequenceA :: Applicative f0 => Compose f g (f0 a) -> f0 (Compose f g a) # mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Compose f g a -> m (Compose f g b) # sequence :: Monad m => Compose f g (m a) -> m (Compose f g a) #
(Functor f, Contravariant g) => Contravariant (Compose f g)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Compose f g b -> Compose f g a # (>$) :: b -> Compose f g b -> Compose f g a #
(Eq1 f, Eq1 g) => Eq1 (Compose f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods liftEq :: (a -> b -> Bool) -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g b -> Bool #
(Ord1 f, Ord1 g) => Ord1 (Compose f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods liftCompare :: (a -> b -> Ordering) -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g b -> Ordering #
(Read1 f, Read1 g) => Read1 (Compose f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods liftReadsPrec :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> Int -> ReadS (Compose f g a) # liftReadList :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> ReadS [Compose f g a] # liftReadPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec (Compose f g a) # liftReadListPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec [Compose f g a] #
(Show1 f, Show1 g) => Show1 (Compose f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods liftShowsPrec :: (Int -> a -> ShowS) -> ([a] -> ShowS) -> Int -> Compose f g a -> ShowS # liftShowList :: (Int -> a -> ShowS) -> ([a] -> ShowS) -> [Compose f g a] -> ShowS #
(Alternative f, Applicative g) => Alternative (Compose f g)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods empty :: Compose f g a # (<\|>) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g a # some :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g [a] # many :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g [a] #
(NFData1 f, NFData1 g) => NFData1 (Compose f g)	Since: deepseq-1.4.3.0
Instance details Defined in Control.DeepSeq Methods liftRnf :: (a -> ()) -> Compose f g a -> () #
(Hashable1 f, Hashable1 g) => Hashable1 (Compose f g)
Instance details Defined in Data.Hashable.Class Methods liftHashWithSalt :: (Int -> a -> Int) -> Int -> Compose f g a -> Int #
(Foldable1 f, Foldable1 g) => Foldable1 (Compose f g) Source #	Since: 0.3.0
Instance details Defined in Relude.Extra.Foldable1 Methods foldMap1 :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> Compose f g a -> m Source # fold1 :: Semigroup m => Compose f g m -> m Source # toNonEmpty :: Compose f g a -> NonEmpty a Source # head1 :: Compose f g a -> a Source # last1 :: Compose f g a -> a Source # maximum1 :: Ord a => Compose f g a -> a Source # minimum1 :: Ord a => Compose f g a -> a Source #
(Eq1 f, Eq1 g, Eq a) => Eq (Compose f g a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods (==) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Bool # (/=) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Bool #
(Typeable a, Typeable f, Typeable g, Typeable k1, Typeable k2, Data (f (g a))) => Data (Compose f g a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g0. g0 -> c g0) -> Compose f g a -> c (Compose f g a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Compose f g a) # toConstr :: Compose f g a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Compose f g a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Compose f g a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Compose f g a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Compose f g a -> r # gmapQr :: (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Compose f g a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Compose f g a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Compose f g a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Compose f g a -> m (Compose f g a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Compose f g a -> m (Compose f g a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Compose f g a -> m (Compose f g a) #
(Ord1 f, Ord1 g, Ord a) => Ord (Compose f g a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods compare :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Ordering # (<) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Bool # (<=) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Bool # (>) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Bool # (>=) :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Bool # max :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g a # min :: Compose f g a -> Compose f g a -> Compose f g a #
(Read1 f, Read1 g, Read a) => Read (Compose f g a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (Compose f g a) # readList :: ReadS [Compose f g a] # readPrec :: ReadPrec (Compose f g a) # readListPrec :: ReadPrec [Compose f g a] #
(Show1 f, Show1 g, Show a) => Show (Compose f g a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Methods showsPrec :: Int -> Compose f g a -> ShowS # show :: Compose f g a -> String # showList :: [Compose f g a] -> ShowS #
Generic (Compose f g a)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose Associated Types type Rep (Compose f g a) :: Type -> Type # Methods from :: Compose f g a -> Rep (Compose f g a) x # to :: Rep (Compose f g a) x -> Compose f g a #
(NFData1 f, NFData1 g, NFData a) => NFData (Compose f g a)	Since: deepseq-1.4.3.0
Instance details Defined in Control.DeepSeq Methods rnf :: Compose f g a -> () #
(Hashable1 f, Hashable1 g, Hashable a) => Hashable (Compose f g a)	In general, `hash (Compose x) ≠ hash x`. However, `hashWithSalt` satisfies its variant of this equivalence.
Instance details Defined in Data.Hashable.Class Methods hashWithSalt :: Int -> Compose f g a -> Int # hash :: Compose f g a -> Int #
type Rep1 (Compose f g :: k -> Type)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose type Rep1 (Compose f g :: k -> Type) = D1 (MetaData "Compose" "Data.Functor.Compose" "base" True) (C1 (MetaCons "Compose" PrefixI True) (S1 (MetaSel (Just "getCompose") NoSourceUnpackedness NoSourceStrictness DecidedLazy) (f :.: Rec1 g)))
type Rep (Compose f g a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Compose type Rep (Compose f g a) = D1 (MetaData "Compose" "Data.Functor.Compose" "base" True) (C1 (MetaCons "Compose" PrefixI True) (S1 (MetaSel (Just "getCompose") NoSourceUnpackedness NoSourceStrictness DecidedLazy) (Rec0 (f (g a)))))

newtype Identity a #

Identity functor and monad. (a non-strict monad)

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Constructors

Identity
Fields runIdentity :: a

Instances

Monad Identity	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods (>>=) :: Identity a -> (a -> Identity b) -> Identity b # (>>) :: Identity a -> Identity b -> Identity b # return :: a -> Identity a # fail :: String -> Identity a #
Functor Identity	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods fmap :: (a -> b) -> Identity a -> Identity b # (<$) :: a -> Identity b -> Identity a #
MonadFix Identity	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods mfix :: (a -> Identity a) -> Identity a #
Applicative Identity	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods pure :: a -> Identity a # (<>) :: Identity (a -> b) -> Identity a -> Identity b # liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Identity a -> Identity b -> Identity c # (>) :: Identity a -> Identity b -> Identity b # (<*) :: Identity a -> Identity b -> Identity a #
Foldable Identity	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods fold :: Monoid m => Identity m -> m # foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Identity a -> m # foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Identity a -> b # foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Identity a -> b # foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Identity a -> b # foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Identity a -> b # foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Identity a -> a # foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Identity a -> a # toList :: Identity a -> [a] # null :: Identity a -> Bool # length :: Identity a -> Int # elem :: Eq a => a -> Identity a -> Bool # maximum :: Ord a => Identity a -> a # minimum :: Ord a => Identity a -> a # sum :: Num a => Identity a -> a # product :: Num a => Identity a -> a #
Traversable Identity	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Traversable Methods traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Identity a -> f (Identity b) # sequenceA :: Applicative f => Identity (f a) -> f (Identity a) # mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Identity a -> m (Identity b) # sequence :: Monad m => Identity (m a) -> m (Identity a) #
Eq1 Identity	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Classes Methods liftEq :: (a -> b -> Bool) -> Identity a -> Identity b -> Bool #
Ord1 Identity	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Classes Methods liftCompare :: (a -> b -> Ordering) -> Identity a -> Identity b -> Ordering #
Read1 Identity	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Classes Methods liftReadsPrec :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> Int -> ReadS (Identity a) # liftReadList :: (Int -> ReadS a) -> ReadS [a] -> ReadS [Identity a] # liftReadPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec (Identity a) # liftReadListPrec :: ReadPrec a -> ReadPrec [a] -> ReadPrec [Identity a] #
Show1 Identity	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Classes Methods liftShowsPrec :: (Int -> a -> ShowS) -> ([a] -> ShowS) -> Int -> Identity a -> ShowS # liftShowList :: (Int -> a -> ShowS) -> ([a] -> ShowS) -> [Identity a] -> ShowS #
NFData1 Identity	Since: deepseq-1.4.3.0
Instance details Defined in Control.DeepSeq Methods liftRnf :: (a -> ()) -> Identity a -> () #
Hashable1 Identity
Instance details Defined in Data.Hashable.Class Methods liftHashWithSalt :: (Int -> a -> Int) -> Int -> Identity a -> Int #
Foldable1 Identity Source #	Since: 0.3.0
Instance details Defined in Relude.Extra.Foldable1 Methods foldMap1 :: Semigroup m => (a -> m) -> Identity a -> m Source # fold1 :: Semigroup m => Identity m -> m Source # toNonEmpty :: Identity a -> NonEmpty a Source # head1 :: Identity a -> a Source # last1 :: Identity a -> a Source # maximum1 :: Ord a => Identity a -> a Source # minimum1 :: Ord a => Identity a -> a Source #
Bounded a => Bounded (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods minBound :: Identity a # maxBound :: Identity a #
Enum a => Enum (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods succ :: Identity a -> Identity a # pred :: Identity a -> Identity a # toEnum :: Int -> Identity a # fromEnum :: Identity a -> Int # enumFrom :: Identity a -> [Identity a] # enumFromThen :: Identity a -> Identity a -> [Identity a] # enumFromTo :: Identity a -> Identity a -> [Identity a] # enumFromThenTo :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a -> [Identity a] #
Eq a => Eq (Identity a)	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods (==) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Bool # (/=) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Bool #
Floating a => Floating (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods pi :: Identity a # exp :: Identity a -> Identity a # log :: Identity a -> Identity a # sqrt :: Identity a -> Identity a # (**) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # logBase :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # sin :: Identity a -> Identity a # cos :: Identity a -> Identity a # tan :: Identity a -> Identity a # asin :: Identity a -> Identity a # acos :: Identity a -> Identity a # atan :: Identity a -> Identity a # sinh :: Identity a -> Identity a # cosh :: Identity a -> Identity a # tanh :: Identity a -> Identity a # asinh :: Identity a -> Identity a # acosh :: Identity a -> Identity a # atanh :: Identity a -> Identity a # log1p :: Identity a -> Identity a # expm1 :: Identity a -> Identity a # log1pexp :: Identity a -> Identity a # log1mexp :: Identity a -> Identity a #
Fractional a => Fractional (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods (/) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # recip :: Identity a -> Identity a # fromRational :: Rational -> Identity a #
Integral a => Integral (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods quot :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # rem :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # div :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # mod :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # quotRem :: Identity a -> Identity a -> (Identity a, Identity a) # divMod :: Identity a -> Identity a -> (Identity a, Identity a) # toInteger :: Identity a -> Integer #
Data a => Data (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Data Methods gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Identity a -> c (Identity a) # gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c (Identity a) # toConstr :: Identity a -> Constr # dataTypeOf :: Identity a -> DataType # dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c (Identity a)) # dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c (Identity a)) # gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Identity a -> Identity a # gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Identity a -> r # gmapQr :: (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Identity a -> r # gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Identity a -> [u] # gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Identity a -> u # gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Identity a -> m (Identity a) # gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Identity a -> m (Identity a) # gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Identity a -> m (Identity a) #
Num a => Num (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods (+) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # (-) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # (*) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # negate :: Identity a -> Identity a # abs :: Identity a -> Identity a # signum :: Identity a -> Identity a # fromInteger :: Integer -> Identity a #
Ord a => Ord (Identity a)	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods compare :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Ordering # (<) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Bool # (<=) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Bool # (>) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Bool # (>=) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Bool # max :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # min :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a #
Read a => Read (Identity a)	This instance would be equivalent to the derived instances of the `Identity` newtype if the `runIdentity` field were removed Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (Identity a) # readList :: ReadS [Identity a] # readPrec :: ReadPrec (Identity a) # readListPrec :: ReadPrec [Identity a] #
Real a => Real (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods toRational :: Identity a -> Rational #
RealFloat a => RealFloat (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods floatRadix :: Identity a -> Integer # floatDigits :: Identity a -> Int # floatRange :: Identity a -> (Int, Int) # decodeFloat :: Identity a -> (Integer, Int) # encodeFloat :: Integer -> Int -> Identity a # exponent :: Identity a -> Int # significand :: Identity a -> Identity a # scaleFloat :: Int -> Identity a -> Identity a # isNaN :: Identity a -> Bool # isInfinite :: Identity a -> Bool # isDenormalized :: Identity a -> Bool # isNegativeZero :: Identity a -> Bool # isIEEE :: Identity a -> Bool # atan2 :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a #
RealFrac a => RealFrac (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods properFraction :: Integral b => Identity a -> (b, Identity a) # truncate :: Integral b => Identity a -> b # round :: Integral b => Identity a -> b # ceiling :: Integral b => Identity a -> b # floor :: Integral b => Identity a -> b #
Show a => Show (Identity a)	This instance would be equivalent to the derived instances of the `Identity` newtype if the `runIdentity` field were removed Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods showsPrec :: Int -> Identity a -> ShowS # show :: Identity a -> String # showList :: [Identity a] -> ShowS #
Ix a => Ix (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods range :: (Identity a, Identity a) -> [Identity a] # index :: (Identity a, Identity a) -> Identity a -> Int # unsafeIndex :: (Identity a, Identity a) -> Identity a -> Int inRange :: (Identity a, Identity a) -> Identity a -> Bool # rangeSize :: (Identity a, Identity a) -> Int # unsafeRangeSize :: (Identity a, Identity a) -> Int
IsString a => IsString (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.String Methods fromString :: String -> Identity a #
Generic (Identity a)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Associated Types type Rep (Identity a) :: Type -> Type # Methods from :: Identity a -> Rep (Identity a) x # to :: Rep (Identity a) x -> Identity a #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods (<>) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Identity a) -> Identity a # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Identity a -> Identity a #
Monoid a => Monoid (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods mempty :: Identity a # mappend :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # mconcat :: [Identity a] -> Identity a #
Storable a => Storable (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods sizeOf :: Identity a -> Int # alignment :: Identity a -> Int # peekElemOff :: Ptr (Identity a) -> Int -> IO (Identity a) # pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Identity a) -> Int -> Identity a -> IO () # peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (Identity a) # pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Identity a -> IO () # peek :: Ptr (Identity a) -> IO (Identity a) # poke :: Ptr (Identity a) -> Identity a -> IO () #
Bits a => Bits (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods (.&.) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # (.\|.) :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # xor :: Identity a -> Identity a -> Identity a # complement :: Identity a -> Identity a # shift :: Identity a -> Int -> Identity a # rotate :: Identity a -> Int -> Identity a # zeroBits :: Identity a # bit :: Int -> Identity a # setBit :: Identity a -> Int -> Identity a # clearBit :: Identity a -> Int -> Identity a # complementBit :: Identity a -> Int -> Identity a # testBit :: Identity a -> Int -> Bool # bitSizeMaybe :: Identity a -> Maybe Int # bitSize :: Identity a -> Int # isSigned :: Identity a -> Bool # shiftL :: Identity a -> Int -> Identity a # unsafeShiftL :: Identity a -> Int -> Identity a # shiftR :: Identity a -> Int -> Identity a # unsafeShiftR :: Identity a -> Int -> Identity a # rotateL :: Identity a -> Int -> Identity a # rotateR :: Identity a -> Int -> Identity a # popCount :: Identity a -> Int #
FiniteBits a => FiniteBits (Identity a)	Since: base-4.9.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Methods finiteBitSize :: Identity a -> Int # countLeadingZeros :: Identity a -> Int # countTrailingZeros :: Identity a -> Int #
NFData a => NFData (Identity a)	Since: deepseq-1.4.0.0
Instance details Defined in Control.DeepSeq Methods rnf :: Identity a -> () #
Hashable a => Hashable (Identity a)
Instance details Defined in Data.Hashable.Class Methods hashWithSalt :: Int -> Identity a -> Int # hash :: Identity a -> Int #
Generic1 Identity
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity Associated Types type Rep1 Identity :: k -> Type # Methods from1 :: Identity a -> Rep1 Identity a # to1 :: Rep1 Identity a -> Identity a #
type Rep (Identity a)	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity type Rep (Identity a) = D1 (MetaData "Identity" "Data.Functor.Identity" "base" True) (C1 (MetaCons "Identity" PrefixI True) (S1 (MetaSel (Just "runIdentity") NoSourceUnpackedness NoSourceStrictness DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))
type Rep1 Identity	Since: base-4.8.0.0
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Identity type Rep1 Identity = D1 (MetaData "Identity" "Data.Functor.Identity" "base" True) (C1 (MetaCons "Identity" PrefixI True) (S1 (MetaSel (Just "runIdentity") NoSourceUnpackedness NoSourceStrictness DecidedLazy) Par1))

comparisonEquivalence :: Comparison a -> Equivalence a #

defaultEquivalence :: Eq a => Equivalence a #

Check for equivalence with ==.

Note: The instances for Double and Float violate reflexivity for NaN.

defaultComparison :: Ord a => Comparison a #

Compare using compare.

(>$$<) :: Contravariant f => f b -> (a -> b) -> f a infixl 4 #

This is an infix version of contramap with the arguments flipped.

(>$<) :: Contravariant f => (a -> b) -> f b -> f a infixl 4 #

This is an infix alias for contramap.

($<) :: Contravariant f => f b -> b -> f a infixl 4 #

This is >$ with its arguments flipped.

phantom :: (Functor f, Contravariant f) => f a -> f b #

If f is both Functor and Contravariant then by the time you factor in the laws of each of those classes, it can't actually use its argument in any meaningful capacity.

This method is surprisingly useful. Where both instances exist and are lawful we have the following laws:

fmap f ≡ phantom
contramap f ≡ phantom

class Contravariant (f :: Type -> Type) where #

The class of contravariant functors.

Whereas in Haskell, one can think of a Functor as containing or producing values, a contravariant functor is a functor that can be thought of as consuming values.

As an example, consider the type of predicate functions a -> Bool. One such predicate might be negative x = x < 0, which classifies integers as to whether they are negative. However, given this predicate, we can re-use it in other situations, providing we have a way to map values to integers. For instance, we can use the negative predicate on a person's bank balance to work out if they are currently overdrawn:

newtype Predicate a = Predicate { getPredicate :: a -> Bool }

instance Contravariant Predicate where
  contramap f (Predicate p) = Predicate (p . f)
                                         |   `- First, map the input...
                                         `----- then apply the predicate.

overdrawn :: Predicate Person
overdrawn = contramap personBankBalance negative

Any instance should be subject to the following laws:

contramap id = id
contramap f . contramap g = contramap (g . f)

Note, that the second law follows from the free theorem of the type of contramap and the first law, so you need only check that the former condition holds.

Minimal complete definition

contramap

Methods

contramap :: (a -> b) -> f b -> f a #

(>$) :: b -> f b -> f a infixl 4 #

Replace all locations in the output with the same value. The default definition is contramap . const, but this may be overridden with a more efficient version.

Instances

Contravariant Predicate	A `Predicate` is a `Contravariant` `Functor`, because `contramap` can apply its function argument to the input of the predicate.
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Predicate b -> Predicate a # (>$) :: b -> Predicate b -> Predicate a #
Contravariant Comparison	A `Comparison` is a `Contravariant` `Functor`, because `contramap` can apply its function argument to each input of the comparison function.
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Comparison b -> Comparison a # (>$) :: b -> Comparison b -> Comparison a #
Contravariant Equivalence	Equivalence relations are `Contravariant`, because you can apply the contramapped function to each input to the equivalence relation.
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Equivalence b -> Equivalence a # (>$) :: b -> Equivalence b -> Equivalence a #
Contravariant (V1 :: Type -> Type)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> V1 b -> V1 a # (>$) :: b -> V1 b -> V1 a #
Contravariant (U1 :: Type -> Type)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> U1 b -> U1 a # (>$) :: b -> U1 b -> U1 a #
Contravariant (Op a)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a0 -> b) -> Op a b -> Op a a0 # (>$) :: b -> Op a b -> Op a a0 #
Contravariant (Proxy :: Type -> Type)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Proxy b -> Proxy a # (>$) :: b -> Proxy b -> Proxy a #
Contravariant m => Contravariant (MaybeT m)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Maybe Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> MaybeT m b -> MaybeT m a # (>$) :: b -> MaybeT m b -> MaybeT m a #
Contravariant f => Contravariant (Rec1 f)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Rec1 f b -> Rec1 f a # (>$) :: b -> Rec1 f b -> Rec1 f a #
Contravariant (Const a :: Type -> Type)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a0 -> b) -> Const a b -> Const a a0 # (>$) :: b -> Const a b -> Const a a0 #
Contravariant f => Contravariant (Alt f)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Alt f b -> Alt f a # (>$) :: b -> Alt f b -> Alt f a #
Contravariant f => Contravariant (IdentityT f)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Identity Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> IdentityT f b -> IdentityT f a # (>$) :: b -> IdentityT f b -> IdentityT f a #
Contravariant m => Contravariant (ErrorT e m)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m a # (>$) :: b -> ErrorT e m b -> ErrorT e m a #
Contravariant m => Contravariant (ExceptT e m)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Except Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> ExceptT e m b -> ExceptT e m a # (>$) :: b -> ExceptT e m b -> ExceptT e m a #
Contravariant m => Contravariant (StateT s m)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.State.Strict Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> StateT s m b -> StateT s m a # (>$) :: b -> StateT s m b -> StateT s m a #
Contravariant (K1 i c :: Type -> Type)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> K1 i c b -> K1 i c a # (>$) :: b -> K1 i c b -> K1 i c a #
(Contravariant f, Contravariant g) => Contravariant (f :+: g)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> (f :+: g) b -> (f :+: g) a # (>$) :: b -> (f :+: g) b -> (f :+: g) a #
(Contravariant f, Contravariant g) => Contravariant (f :*: g)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> (f :: g) b -> (f :: g) a # (>$) :: b -> (f :: g) b -> (f :: g) a #
(Contravariant f, Contravariant g) => Contravariant (Product f g)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Product f g b -> Product f g a # (>$) :: b -> Product f g b -> Product f g a #
(Contravariant f, Contravariant g) => Contravariant (Sum f g)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Sum f g b -> Sum f g a # (>$) :: b -> Sum f g b -> Sum f g a #
Contravariant m => Contravariant (ReaderT r m)
Instance details Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Reader Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> ReaderT r m b -> ReaderT r m a # (>$) :: b -> ReaderT r m b -> ReaderT r m a #
Contravariant f => Contravariant (M1 i c f)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> M1 i c f b -> M1 i c f a # (>$) :: b -> M1 i c f b -> M1 i c f a #
(Functor f, Contravariant g) => Contravariant (f :.: g)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> (f :.: g) b -> (f :.: g) a # (>$) :: b -> (f :.: g) b -> (f :.: g) a #
(Functor f, Contravariant g) => Contravariant (Compose f g)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Compose f g b -> Compose f g a # (>$) :: b -> Compose f g b -> Compose f g a #

newtype Predicate a #

Constructors

Predicate
Fields getPredicate :: a -> Bool

Instances

Contravariant Predicate	A `Predicate` is a `Contravariant` `Functor`, because `contramap` can apply its function argument to the input of the predicate.
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Predicate b -> Predicate a # (>$) :: b -> Predicate b -> Predicate a #
Semigroup (Predicate a)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods (<>) :: Predicate a -> Predicate a -> Predicate a # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Predicate a) -> Predicate a # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Predicate a -> Predicate a #
Monoid (Predicate a)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods mempty :: Predicate a # mappend :: Predicate a -> Predicate a -> Predicate a # mconcat :: [Predicate a] -> Predicate a #

newtype Comparison a #

Defines a total ordering on a type as per compare.

This condition is not checked by the types. You must ensure that the supplied values are valid total orderings yourself.

Constructors

Comparison
Fields getComparison :: a -> a -> Ordering

Instances

Contravariant Comparison	A `Comparison` is a `Contravariant` `Functor`, because `contramap` can apply its function argument to each input of the comparison function.
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Comparison b -> Comparison a # (>$) :: b -> Comparison b -> Comparison a #
Semigroup (Comparison a)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods (<>) :: Comparison a -> Comparison a -> Comparison a # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Comparison a) -> Comparison a # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Comparison a -> Comparison a #
Monoid (Comparison a)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods mempty :: Comparison a # mappend :: Comparison a -> Comparison a -> Comparison a # mconcat :: [Comparison a] -> Comparison a #

newtype Equivalence a #

This data type represents an equivalence relation.

Equivalence relations are expected to satisfy three laws:

Reflexivity:

getEquivalence f a a = True

Symmetry:

getEquivalence f a b = getEquivalence f b a

Transitivity:

If getEquivalence f a b and getEquivalence f b c are both True then so is getEquivalence f a c.

The types alone do not enforce these laws, so you'll have to check them yourself.

Constructors

Equivalence
Fields getEquivalence :: a -> a -> Bool

Instances

Contravariant Equivalence	Equivalence relations are `Contravariant`, because you can apply the contramapped function to each input to the equivalence relation.
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a -> b) -> Equivalence b -> Equivalence a # (>$) :: b -> Equivalence b -> Equivalence a #
Semigroup (Equivalence a)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods (<>) :: Equivalence a -> Equivalence a -> Equivalence a # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Equivalence a) -> Equivalence a # stimes :: Integral b => b -> Equivalence a -> Equivalence a #
Monoid (Equivalence a)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods mempty :: Equivalence a # mappend :: Equivalence a -> Equivalence a -> Equivalence a # mconcat :: [Equivalence a] -> Equivalence a #

newtype Op a b #

Dual function arrows.

Constructors

Op
Fields getOp :: b -> a

Instances

Contravariant (Op a)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods contramap :: (a0 -> b) -> Op a b -> Op a a0 # (>$) :: b -> Op a b -> Op a a0 #
Category Op
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods id :: Op a a # (.) :: Op b c -> Op a b -> Op a c #
Floating a => Floating (Op a b)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods pi :: Op a b # exp :: Op a b -> Op a b # log :: Op a b -> Op a b # sqrt :: Op a b -> Op a b # (**) :: Op a b -> Op a b -> Op a b # logBase :: Op a b -> Op a b -> Op a b # sin :: Op a b -> Op a b # cos :: Op a b -> Op a b # tan :: Op a b -> Op a b # asin :: Op a b -> Op a b # acos :: Op a b -> Op a b # atan :: Op a b -> Op a b # sinh :: Op a b -> Op a b # cosh :: Op a b -> Op a b # tanh :: Op a b -> Op a b # asinh :: Op a b -> Op a b # acosh :: Op a b -> Op a b # atanh :: Op a b -> Op a b # log1p :: Op a b -> Op a b # expm1 :: Op a b -> Op a b # log1pexp :: Op a b -> Op a b # log1mexp :: Op a b -> Op a b #
Fractional a => Fractional (Op a b)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods (/) :: Op a b -> Op a b -> Op a b # recip :: Op a b -> Op a b # fromRational :: Rational -> Op a b #
Num a => Num (Op a b)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods (+) :: Op a b -> Op a b -> Op a b # (-) :: Op a b -> Op a b -> Op a b # (*) :: Op a b -> Op a b -> Op a b # negate :: Op a b -> Op a b # abs :: Op a b -> Op a b # signum :: Op a b -> Op a b # fromInteger :: Integer -> Op a b #
Semigroup a => Semigroup (Op a b)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods (<>) :: Op a b -> Op a b -> Op a b # sconcat :: NonEmpty (Op a b) -> Op a b # stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> Op a b -> Op a b #
Monoid a => Monoid (Op a b)
Instance details Defined in Data.Functor.Contravariant Methods mempty :: Op a b # mappend :: Op a b -> Op a b -> Op a b # mconcat :: [Op a b] -> Op a b #