A ring buffer is a mutable array of fixed size. Initially the array is empty, with ringStart pointing at the start of allocated memory. We call the next location to be written in the ring as ringHead. Initially ringHead == ringStart. When the first item is added, ringHead points to ringStart + sizeof item. When the buffer becomes full ringHead would wrap around to ringStart. When the buffer is full, ringHead always points at the oldest item in the ring and the newest item added always overwrites the oldest item.

When using it we should keep in mind that a ringBuffer is a mutable data structure. We should not leak out references to it for immutable use.

Create a new ringbuffer and return the ring buffer and the ringHead. Returns the ring and the ringHead, the ringHead is same as ringStart.

newRing count allocates an empty array that can hold count items. The memory of the array is uninitialized and the allocation is aligned as per the Storable instance of the type.

Unimplemented

writeN n is a rolling fold that keeps the last n elements of the stream in a ring array.

Unimplemented

Advance the ringHead by 1 item, wrap around if we hit the end of the array.

Move the ringHead by n items. The direction depends on the sign on whether n is positive or negative. Wrap around if we hit the beginning or end of the array.

Get the first address of the ring as a pointer.

Insert an item at the head of the ring, when the ring is full this replaces the oldest item in the ring with the new item. This is unsafe beause ringHead supplied is not verified to be within the Ring. Also, the ringStart foreignPtr must be guaranteed to be alive by the caller.

Insert an item at the head of the ring, when the ring is full this replaces the oldest item in the ring with the new item.

Unimplemented

O(1) Write the given element at the given index in the ring array. Performs in-place mutation of the array.

>>> putIndex arr ix val = Ring.modifyIndex arr ix (const (val, ()))

Unimplemented

Modify a given index of a ring array using a modifier function.

Unimplemented

Read n elements from the ring starting at the supplied ring head. If n is more than the ring size it keeps reading the ring in a circular fashion.

If the ring is not full the user must ensure than n is less than or equal to the number of valid elements in the ring.

Internal

Unfold a ring array into a stream in reverse order.

Unimplemented

O(1) Lookup the element at the given index. Index starts from 0.

Return the element at the specified index without checking the bounds.

Unsafe because it does not check the bounds of the ring array.

O(1) Lookup the element at the given index from the end of the array. Index starts from 0.

Slightly faster than computing the forward index and using getIndex.

O(1) Get the length of the array i.e. the number of elements in the array.

Note that byteLength is less expensive than this operation, as length involves a costly division operation.

Unimplemented

O(1) Get the byte length of the array.

Unimplemented

Get the total capacity of an array. An array may have space reserved beyond the current used length of the array.

Pre-release

The remaining capacity in the array for appending more elements without reallocation.

Pre-release

Cast an array having elements of type a into an array having elements of type b. The length of the array should be a multiple of the size of the target element otherwise Nothing is returned.

Pre-release

Cast an array having elements of type a into an array having elements of type b. The array size must be a multiple of the size of type b.

Unimplemented

Cast an Array a into an Array Word8.

Unimplemented

Cast a mutable array to a ring array.

Fold the buffer starting from ringStart up to the given Ptr using a pure step function. This is useful to fold the items in the ring when the ring is not full. The supplied pointer is usually the end of the ring.

Unsafe because the supplied Ptr is not checked to be in range.

Like unsafeFoldRing but with a monadic step function.

Fold the entire length of a ring buffer starting at the supplied ringHead pointer. Assuming the supplied ringHead pointer points to the oldest item, this would fold the ring starting from the oldest item to the newest item in the ring.

Note, this will crash on ring of 0 size.

Fold Int items in the ring starting at Ptr a. Won't fold more than the length of the ring.

Note, this will crash on ring of 0 size.

ringsOf n stream groups the input stream into a stream of ring arrays of size n. Each ring is a sliding window of size n.

Unimplemented

Byte compare the entire length of ringBuffer with the given array, starting at the supplied ringHead pointer. Returns true if the Array and the ringBuffer have identical contents.

This is unsafe because the ringHead Ptr is not checked to be in range. The supplied array must be equal to or bigger than the ringBuffer, ARRAY BOUNDS ARE NOT CHECKED.

Like unsafeEqArray but compares only N bytes instead of entire length of the ring buffer. This is unsafe because the ringHead Ptr is not checked to be in range.

slidingWindow collector is an incremental sliding window fold that does not require all the intermediate elements in a computation. This maintains n elements in the window, when a new element comes it slides out the oldest element and the new element along with the old element are supplied to the collector fold.

The Maybe type is for the case when initially the window is filling and there is no old element.

Like slidingWindow but also provides the entire ring contents as an Array. The array reflects the state of the ring after inserting the incoming element.

IMPORTANT NOTE: The ring is mutable, therefore, the result of (m (Array a)) action depends on when it is executed. It does not capture the sanpshot of the ring at a particular time.