raaz-0.3.10: Fast and type safe cryptography.
Safe HaskellSafe-Inferred
LanguageHaskell2010

Tests.Core.Imports

Synopsis

Documentation

data Result #

Result represents the test result

Constructors

Success

A successful test run

Fields

GaveUp

Given up

Fields

Failure

A failed test run

Fields

NoExpectedFailure

A property that should have failed did not

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Show Result 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Test

class Testable prop where #

The class of properties, i.e., types which QuickCheck knows how to test. Typically a property will be a function returning Bool or Property.

Minimal complete definition

property

Methods

property :: prop -> Property #

Convert the thing to a property.

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> prop) -> Property #

Optional; used internally in order to improve shrinking. Tests a property but also quantifies over an extra value (with a custom shrink and show function). The Testable instance for functions defines propertyForAllShrinkShow in a way that improves shrinking.

Instances

Instances details
Testable Discard 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Discard -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Discard) -> Property #

Testable Prop 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Prop -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Prop) -> Property #

Testable Property 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Property -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Property) -> Property #

Testable Result 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Result -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Result) -> Property #

Testable () 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: () -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> ()) -> Property #

Testable Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Bool -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Bool) -> Property #

Testable prop => Testable (Gen prop) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Gen prop -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Gen prop) -> Property #

Testable prop => Testable (Maybe prop) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Maybe prop -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Maybe prop) -> Property #

(Arbitrary a, Show a, Testable prop) => Testable (a -> prop) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: (a -> prop) -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a0 -> (a0 -> [a0]) -> (a0 -> [String]) -> (a0 -> a -> prop) -> Property #

type ShowS = String -> String #

The shows functions return a function that prepends the output String to an existing String. This allows constant-time concatenation of results using function composition.

type String = [Char] #

A String is a list of characters. String constants in Haskell are values of type String.

See Data.List for operations on lists.

data FUN #

The builtin function type, written in infix form as a % m -> b. Values of this type are functions taking inputs of type a and producing outputs of type b. The multiplicity of the input is m.

Note that FUN m a b permits representation polymorphism in both a and b, so that types like Int# -> Int# can still be well-kinded.

Instances

Instances details
IsString WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

fromString :: String -> WriteTo #

Encodable WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Distributive (BYTES Int) (TransferAction t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

LAction (BYTES Int) (TransferAction t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

(<.>) :: BYTES Int -> TransferAction t -> TransferAction t

(CoArbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Arbitrary (a -> b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a -> b) #

shrink :: (a -> b) -> [a -> b] #

(Arbitrary a, CoArbitrary b) => CoArbitrary (a -> b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: (a -> b) -> Gen b0 -> Gen b0 #

(Arbitrary a, Show a, Testable prop) => Testable (a -> prop) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: (a -> prop) -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a0 -> (a0 -> [a0]) -> (a0 -> [String]) -> (a0 -> a -> prop) -> Property #

Monoid b => Monoid (a -> b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: a -> b #

mappend :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b) -> a -> b #

mconcat :: [a -> b] -> a -> b #

Semigroup b => Semigroup (a -> b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b) -> a -> b #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (a -> b) -> a -> b #

stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> (a -> b) -> a -> b #

NFData (a -> b)

This instance is for convenience and consistency with seq. This assumes that WHNF is equivalent to NF for functions.

Since: deepseq-1.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: (a -> b) -> () #

Example (a -> Result) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg (a -> Result) #

Methods

evaluateExample :: (a -> Result) -> Params -> (ActionWith (Arg (a -> Result)) -> IO ()) -> ProgressCallback -> IO Result #

Example (a -> Expectation) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg (a -> Expectation) #

Methods

evaluateExample :: (a -> Expectation) -> Params -> (ActionWith (Arg (a -> Expectation)) -> IO ()) -> ProgressCallback -> IO Result #

Example (a -> Bool) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg (a -> Bool) #

Methods

evaluateExample :: (a -> Bool) -> Params -> (ActionWith (Arg (a -> Bool)) -> IO ()) -> ProgressCallback -> IO Result #

CoArbitrary a => Arbitrary1 ((->) a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a0 -> Gen (a -> a0) #

liftShrink :: (a0 -> [a0]) -> (a -> a0) -> [a -> a0] #

Applicative ((->) r)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a -> r -> a #

(<*>) :: (r -> (a -> b)) -> (r -> a) -> r -> b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> (r -> a) -> (r -> b) -> r -> c #

(*>) :: (r -> a) -> (r -> b) -> r -> b #

(<*) :: (r -> a) -> (r -> b) -> r -> a #

Functor ((->) r)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> (r -> a) -> r -> b #

(<$) :: a -> (r -> b) -> r -> a #

Monad ((->) r)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: (r -> a) -> (a -> r -> b) -> r -> b #

(>>) :: (r -> a) -> (r -> b) -> r -> b #

return :: a -> r -> a #

type Arg (a -> Property) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.QuickCheck

type Arg (a -> Property) = a
type Arg (a -> Result) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg (a -> Result) = a
type Arg (a -> Expectation) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg (a -> Expectation) = a
type Arg (a -> Bool) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg (a -> Bool) = a

data Bool #

Constructors

False 
True 

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Bool #

shrink :: Bool -> [Bool] #

CoArbitrary Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Bool -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Bool -> b) -> Bool :-> b #

Testable Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Bool -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Bool) -> Property #

Storable Bool

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Bool -> Int #

alignment :: Bool -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Bool -> Int -> IO Bool #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Bool -> Int -> Bool -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Bool #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Bool -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Bool -> IO Bool #

poke :: Ptr Bool -> Bool -> IO () #

Bits Bool

Interpret Bool as 1-bit bit-field

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

FiniteBits Bool

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

Bounded Bool

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Enum Bool

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

succ :: Bool -> Bool #

pred :: Bool -> Bool #

toEnum :: Int -> Bool #

fromEnum :: Bool -> Int #

enumFrom :: Bool -> [Bool] #

enumFromThen :: Bool -> Bool -> [Bool] #

enumFromTo :: Bool -> Bool -> [Bool] #

enumFromThenTo :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool -> [Bool] #

Generic Bool 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep Bool :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: Bool -> Rep Bool x #

to :: Rep Bool x -> Bool #

SingKind Bool

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type DemoteRep Bool

Methods

fromSing :: forall (a :: Bool). Sing a -> DemoteRep Bool

Read Bool

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Show Bool

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Bool -> ShowS #

show :: Bool -> String #

showList :: [Bool] -> ShowS #

NFData Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Bool -> () #

Eq Bool 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

(/=) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

Ord Bool 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: Bool -> Bool -> Ordering #

(<) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

(<=) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

(>) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

(>=) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

max :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

min :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

Example Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg Bool #

Random Bool 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random

Methods

randomR :: RandomGen g => (Bool, Bool) -> g -> (Bool, g) #

random :: RandomGen g => g -> (Bool, g) #

randomRs :: RandomGen g => (Bool, Bool) -> g -> [Bool] #

randoms :: RandomGen g => g -> [Bool] #

Uniform Bool 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformM :: StatefulGen g m => g -> m Bool #

UniformRange Bool 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformRM :: StatefulGen g m => (Bool, Bool) -> g -> m Bool #

Unbox Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

SingI 'False

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

sing :: Sing 'False

SingI 'True

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

sing :: Sing 'True

Lift Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Bool -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Bool -> Code m Bool #

Vector Vector Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

MVector MVector Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Example (a -> Bool) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg (a -> Bool) #

Methods

evaluateExample :: (a -> Bool) -> Params -> (ActionWith (Arg (a -> Bool)) -> IO ()) -> ProgressCallback -> IO Result #

type DemoteRep Bool 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type DemoteRep Bool = Bool
type Rep Bool

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep Bool = D1 ('MetaData "Bool" "GHC.Types" "ghc-prim" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "False" 'PrefixI 'False) (U1 :: Type -> Type) :+: C1 ('MetaCons "True" 'PrefixI 'False) (U1 :: Type -> Type))
data Sing (a :: Bool) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

data Sing (a :: Bool) where
type Arg Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg Bool = ()
newtype Vector Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype MVector s Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype MVector s Bool = MV_Bool (MVector s Word8)
type Arg (a -> Bool) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg (a -> Bool) = a

data Char #

The character type Char is an enumeration whose values represent Unicode (or equivalently ISO/IEC 10646) code points (i.e. characters, see http://www.unicode.org/ for details). This set extends the ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) character set (the first 256 characters), which is itself an extension of the ASCII character set (the first 128 characters). A character literal in Haskell has type Char.

To convert a Char to or from the corresponding Int value defined by Unicode, use toEnum and fromEnum from the Enum class respectively (or equivalently ord and chr).

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Char 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Char #

shrink :: Char -> [Char] #

CoArbitrary Char 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Char -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Char 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Char -> b) -> Char :-> b #

Storable Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Char -> Int #

alignment :: Char -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Char -> Int -> IO Char #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Char -> Int -> Char -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Char #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Char -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Char -> IO Char #

poke :: Ptr Char -> Char -> IO () #

Bounded Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Enum Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

succ :: Char -> Char #

pred :: Char -> Char #

toEnum :: Int -> Char #

fromEnum :: Char -> Int #

enumFrom :: Char -> [Char] #

enumFromThen :: Char -> Char -> [Char] #

enumFromTo :: Char -> Char -> [Char] #

enumFromThenTo :: Char -> Char -> Char -> [Char] #

Read Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Show Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Char -> ShowS #

show :: Char -> String #

showList :: [Char] -> ShowS #

NFData Char 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Char -> () #

Eq Char 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(/=) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

Ord Char 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: Char -> Char -> Ordering #

(<) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(<=) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(>) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(>=) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

max :: Char -> Char -> Char #

min :: Char -> Char -> Char #

Random Char 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random

Methods

randomR :: RandomGen g => (Char, Char) -> g -> (Char, g) #

random :: RandomGen g => g -> (Char, g) #

randomRs :: RandomGen g => (Char, Char) -> g -> [Char] #

randoms :: RandomGen g => g -> [Char] #

Uniform Char 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformM :: StatefulGen g m => g -> m Char #

UniformRange Char 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformRM :: StatefulGen g m => (Char, Char) -> g -> m Char #

Unbox Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Lift Char 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Char -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Char -> Code m Char #

Vector Vector Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

MVector MVector Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Generic1 (URec Char :: k -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep1 (URec Char) :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a :: k0). URec Char a -> Rep1 (URec Char) a #

to1 :: forall (a :: k0). Rep1 (URec Char) a -> URec Char a #

Foldable (UChar :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UChar m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UChar a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UChar a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UChar a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UChar a -> a #

toList :: UChar a -> [a] #

null :: UChar a -> Bool #

length :: UChar a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UChar a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UChar a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UChar a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UChar a -> a #

product :: Num a => UChar a -> a #

Traversable (UChar :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UChar a -> f (UChar b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UChar (f a) -> f (UChar a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UChar a -> m (UChar b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UChar (m a) -> m (UChar a) #

Functor (URec Char :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Char a -> URec Char b #

(<$) :: a -> URec Char b -> URec Char a #

Generic (URec Char p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep (URec Char p) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: URec Char p -> Rep (URec Char p) x #

to :: Rep (URec Char p) x -> URec Char p #

Show (URec Char p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> URec Char p -> ShowS #

show :: URec Char p -> String #

showList :: [URec Char p] -> ShowS #

Eq (URec Char p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

Ord (URec Char p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

max :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> URec Char p #

min :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> URec Char p #

newtype Vector Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

data URec Char (p :: k)

Used for marking occurrences of Char#

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

data URec Char (p :: k) = UChar {}
newtype MVector s Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype MVector s Char = MV_Char (MVector s Char)
type Rep1 (URec Char :: k -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep1 (URec Char :: k -> Type) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UChar" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uChar#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UChar :: k -> Type)))
type Rep (URec Char p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep (URec Char p) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UChar" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uChar#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UChar :: Type -> Type)))

data Double #

Double-precision floating point numbers. It is desirable that this type be at least equal in range and precision to the IEEE double-precision type.

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Double 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

CoArbitrary Double 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Double -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Double 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Double -> b) -> Double :-> b #

Storable Double

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Floating Double

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Float

RealFloat Double

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Float

Read Double

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

NFData Double 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Double -> () #

Eq Double

Note that due to the presence of NaN, Double's Eq instance does not satisfy reflexivity.

>>> 0/0 == (0/0 :: Double)
False

Also note that Double's Eq instance does not satisfy substitutivity:

>>> 0 == (-0 :: Double)
True
>>> recip 0 == recip (-0 :: Double)
False
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Double -> Double -> Bool #

(/=) :: Double -> Double -> Bool #

Ord Double

Note that due to the presence of NaN, Double's Ord instance does not satisfy reflexivity.

>>> 0/0 <= (0/0 :: Double)
False

Also note that, due to the same, Ord's operator interactions are not respected by Double's instance:

>>> (0/0 :: Double) > 1
False
>>> compare (0/0 :: Double) 1
GT
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Random Double

Note - random produces values in the closed range [0,1].

Instance details

Defined in System.Random

Methods

randomR :: RandomGen g => (Double, Double) -> g -> (Double, g) #

random :: RandomGen g => g -> (Double, g) #

randomRs :: RandomGen g => (Double, Double) -> g -> [Double] #

randoms :: RandomGen g => g -> [Double] #

UniformRange Double

See Floating point number caveats.

Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformRM :: StatefulGen g m => (Double, Double) -> g -> m Double #

Unbox Double 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Lift Double 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Double -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Double -> Code m Double #

Vector Vector Double 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

MVector MVector Double 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Generic1 (URec Double :: k -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep1 (URec Double) :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a :: k0). URec Double a -> Rep1 (URec Double) a #

to1 :: forall (a :: k0). Rep1 (URec Double) a -> URec Double a #

Foldable (UDouble :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UDouble m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UDouble a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UDouble a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UDouble a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UDouble a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UDouble a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UDouble a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UDouble a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UDouble a -> a #

toList :: UDouble a -> [a] #

null :: UDouble a -> Bool #

length :: UDouble a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UDouble a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UDouble a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UDouble a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UDouble a -> a #

product :: Num a => UDouble a -> a #

Traversable (UDouble :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UDouble a -> f (UDouble b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UDouble (f a) -> f (UDouble a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UDouble a -> m (UDouble b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UDouble (m a) -> m (UDouble a) #

Functor (URec Double :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Double a -> URec Double b #

(<$) :: a -> URec Double b -> URec Double a #

Generic (URec Double p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep (URec Double p) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: URec Double p -> Rep (URec Double p) x #

to :: Rep (URec Double p) x -> URec Double p #

Show (URec Double p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> URec Double p -> ShowS #

show :: URec Double p -> String #

showList :: [URec Double p] -> ShowS #

Eq (URec Double p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

Ord (URec Double p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

max :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> URec Double p #

min :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> URec Double p #

newtype Vector Double 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

data URec Double (p :: k)

Used for marking occurrences of Double#

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

data URec Double (p :: k) = UDouble {}
newtype MVector s Double 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

type Rep1 (URec Double :: k -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep1 (URec Double :: k -> Type) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UDouble" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uDouble#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UDouble :: k -> Type)))
type Rep (URec Double p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep (URec Double p) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UDouble" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uDouble#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UDouble :: Type -> Type)))

data Float #

Single-precision floating point numbers. It is desirable that this type be at least equal in range and precision to the IEEE single-precision type.

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Float 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Float #

shrink :: Float -> [Float] #

CoArbitrary Float 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Float -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Float 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Float -> b) -> Float :-> b #

Storable Float

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Float -> Int #

alignment :: Float -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Float -> Int -> IO Float #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Float -> Int -> Float -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Float #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Float -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Float -> IO Float #

poke :: Ptr Float -> Float -> IO () #

Floating Float

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Float

RealFloat Float

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Float

Read Float

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

NFData Float 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Float -> () #

Eq Float

Note that due to the presence of NaN, Float's Eq instance does not satisfy reflexivity.

>>> 0/0 == (0/0 :: Float)
False

Also note that Float's Eq instance does not satisfy extensionality:

>>> 0 == (-0 :: Float)
True
>>> recip 0 == recip (-0 :: Float)
False
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

(/=) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

Ord Float

Note that due to the presence of NaN, Float's Ord instance does not satisfy reflexivity.

>>> 0/0 <= (0/0 :: Float)
False

Also note that, due to the same, Ord's operator interactions are not respected by Float's instance:

>>> (0/0 :: Float) > 1
False
>>> compare (0/0 :: Float) 1
GT
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: Float -> Float -> Ordering #

(<) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

(<=) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

(>) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

(>=) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

max :: Float -> Float -> Float #

min :: Float -> Float -> Float #

Random Float

Note - random produces values in the closed range [0,1].

Instance details

Defined in System.Random

Methods

randomR :: RandomGen g => (Float, Float) -> g -> (Float, g) #

random :: RandomGen g => g -> (Float, g) #

randomRs :: RandomGen g => (Float, Float) -> g -> [Float] #

randoms :: RandomGen g => g -> [Float] #

UniformRange Float

See Floating point number caveats.

Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformRM :: StatefulGen g m => (Float, Float) -> g -> m Float #

Unbox Float 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Lift Float 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Float -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Float -> Code m Float #

Vector Vector Float 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

MVector MVector Float 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Generic1 (URec Float :: k -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep1 (URec Float) :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a :: k0). URec Float a -> Rep1 (URec Float) a #

to1 :: forall (a :: k0). Rep1 (URec Float) a -> URec Float a #

Foldable (UFloat :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UFloat m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UFloat a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UFloat a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UFloat a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UFloat a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UFloat a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UFloat a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UFloat a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UFloat a -> a #

toList :: UFloat a -> [a] #

null :: UFloat a -> Bool #

length :: UFloat a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UFloat a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UFloat a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UFloat a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UFloat a -> a #

product :: Num a => UFloat a -> a #

Traversable (UFloat :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UFloat a -> f (UFloat b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UFloat (f a) -> f (UFloat a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UFloat a -> m (UFloat b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UFloat (m a) -> m (UFloat a) #

Functor (URec Float :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Float a -> URec Float b #

(<$) :: a -> URec Float b -> URec Float a #

Generic (URec Float p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep (URec Float p) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: URec Float p -> Rep (URec Float p) x #

to :: Rep (URec Float p) x -> URec Float p #

Show (URec Float p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> URec Float p -> ShowS #

show :: URec Float p -> String #

showList :: [URec Float p] -> ShowS #

Eq (URec Float p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

Ord (URec Float p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

max :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> URec Float p #

min :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> URec Float p #

newtype Vector Float 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

data URec Float (p :: k)

Used for marking occurrences of Float#

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

data URec Float (p :: k) = UFloat {}
newtype MVector s Float 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

type Rep1 (URec Float :: k -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep1 (URec Float :: k -> Type) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UFloat" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uFloat#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UFloat :: k -> Type)))
type Rep (URec Float p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep (URec Float p) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UFloat" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uFloat#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UFloat :: Type -> Type)))

data Int #

A fixed-precision integer type with at least the range [-2^29 .. 2^29-1]. The exact range for a given implementation can be determined by using minBound and maxBound from the Bounded class.

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Int 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Int #

shrink :: Int -> [Int] #

CoArbitrary Int 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Int -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Int 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Int -> b) -> Int :-> b #

IsString WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

fromString :: String -> WriteTo #

Storable Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Int -> Int #

alignment :: Int -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Int -> Int -> IO Int #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Int -> Int -> Int -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Int #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Int -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Int -> IO Int #

poke :: Ptr Int -> Int -> IO () #

Bits Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

Methods

(.&.) :: Int -> Int -> Int #

(.|.) :: Int -> Int -> Int #

xor :: Int -> Int -> Int #

complement :: Int -> Int #

shift :: Int -> Int -> Int #

rotate :: Int -> Int -> Int #

zeroBits :: Int #

bit :: Int -> Int #

setBit :: Int -> Int -> Int #

clearBit :: Int -> Int -> Int #

complementBit :: Int -> Int -> Int #

testBit :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: Int -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: Int -> Int #

isSigned :: Int -> Bool #

shiftL :: Int -> Int -> Int #

unsafeShiftL :: Int -> Int -> Int #

shiftR :: Int -> Int -> Int #

unsafeShiftR :: Int -> Int -> Int #

rotateL :: Int -> Int -> Int #

rotateR :: Int -> Int -> Int #

popCount :: Int -> Int #

FiniteBits Int

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

Bounded Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: Int #

maxBound :: Int #

Enum Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

succ :: Int -> Int #

pred :: Int -> Int #

toEnum :: Int -> Int #

fromEnum :: Int -> Int #

enumFrom :: Int -> [Int] #

enumFromThen :: Int -> Int -> [Int] #

enumFromTo :: Int -> Int -> [Int] #

enumFromThenTo :: Int -> Int -> Int -> [Int] #

Num Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num

Methods

(+) :: Int -> Int -> Int #

(-) :: Int -> Int -> Int #

(*) :: Int -> Int -> Int #

negate :: Int -> Int #

abs :: Int -> Int #

signum :: Int -> Int #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Int #

Read Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Integral Int

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

quot :: Int -> Int -> Int #

rem :: Int -> Int -> Int #

div :: Int -> Int -> Int #

mod :: Int -> Int -> Int #

quotRem :: Int -> Int -> (Int, Int) #

divMod :: Int -> Int -> (Int, Int) #

toInteger :: Int -> Integer #

Real Int

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

toRational :: Int -> Rational #

Show Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Int -> ShowS #

show :: Int -> String #

showList :: [Int] -> ShowS #

NFData Int 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Int -> () #

Eq Int 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

(/=) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

Ord Int 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: Int -> Int -> Ordering #

(<) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

(<=) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

(>) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

(>=) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

max :: Int -> Int -> Int #

min :: Int -> Int -> Int #

Encodable WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Random Int 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random

Methods

randomR :: RandomGen g => (Int, Int) -> g -> (Int, g) #

random :: RandomGen g => g -> (Int, g) #

randomRs :: RandomGen g => (Int, Int) -> g -> [Int] #

randoms :: RandomGen g => g -> [Int] #

Uniform Int 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformM :: StatefulGen g m => g -> m Int #

UniformRange Int 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformRM :: StatefulGen g m => (Int, Int) -> g -> m Int #

Unbox Int 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Lift Int 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Int -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Int -> Code m Int #

Vector Vector Int 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

MVector MVector Int 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Generic1 (URec Int :: k -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep1 (URec Int) :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a :: k0). URec Int a -> Rep1 (URec Int) a #

to1 :: forall (a :: k0). Rep1 (URec Int) a -> URec Int a #

Foldable (UInt :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UInt m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UInt a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UInt a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UInt a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UInt a -> a #

toList :: UInt a -> [a] #

null :: UInt a -> Bool #

length :: UInt a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UInt a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UInt a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UInt a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UInt a -> a #

product :: Num a => UInt a -> a #

Traversable (UInt :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UInt a -> f (UInt b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UInt (f a) -> f (UInt a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UInt a -> m (UInt b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UInt (m a) -> m (UInt a) #

LengthUnit (BYTES Int) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

inBytes :: BYTES Int -> BYTES Int #

Distributive (BYTES Int) (TransferAction t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

LAction (BYTES Int) (TransferAction t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

(<.>) :: BYTES Int -> TransferAction t -> TransferAction t

Functor (URec Int :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Int a -> URec Int b #

(<$) :: a -> URec Int b -> URec Int a #

Generic (URec Int p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep (URec Int p) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: URec Int p -> Rep (URec Int p) x #

to :: Rep (URec Int p) x -> URec Int p #

Show (URec Int p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> URec Int p -> ShowS #

show :: URec Int p -> String #

showList :: [URec Int p] -> ShowS #

Eq (URec Int p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

Ord (URec Int p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

max :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> URec Int p #

min :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> URec Int p #

newtype Vector Int 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype Vector Int = V_Int (Vector Int)
data URec Int (p :: k)

Used for marking occurrences of Int#

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

data URec Int (p :: k) = UInt {}
newtype MVector s Int 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype MVector s Int = MV_Int (MVector s Int)
type Rep1 (URec Int :: k -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep1 (URec Int :: k -> Type) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UInt" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uInt#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UInt :: k -> Type)))
type Rep (URec Int p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep (URec Int p) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UInt" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uInt#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UInt :: Type -> Type)))

data Word #

A Word is an unsigned integral type, with the same size as Int.

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Word 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Word #

shrink :: Word -> [Word] #

CoArbitrary Word 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Word -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Word 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Word -> b) -> Word :-> b #

Storable Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Word -> Int #

alignment :: Word -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Word -> Int -> IO Word #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Word -> Int -> Word -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Word #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Word -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Word -> IO Word #

poke :: Ptr Word -> Word -> IO () #

Bits Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

FiniteBits Word

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

Bounded Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Enum Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

succ :: Word -> Word #

pred :: Word -> Word #

toEnum :: Int -> Word #

fromEnum :: Word -> Int #

enumFrom :: Word -> [Word] #

enumFromThen :: Word -> Word -> [Word] #

enumFromTo :: Word -> Word -> [Word] #

enumFromThenTo :: Word -> Word -> Word -> [Word] #

Num Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num

Methods

(+) :: Word -> Word -> Word #

(-) :: Word -> Word -> Word #

(*) :: Word -> Word -> Word #

negate :: Word -> Word #

abs :: Word -> Word #

signum :: Word -> Word #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Word #

Read Word

Since: base-4.5.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Integral Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

quot :: Word -> Word -> Word #

rem :: Word -> Word -> Word #

div :: Word -> Word -> Word #

mod :: Word -> Word -> Word #

quotRem :: Word -> Word -> (Word, Word) #

divMod :: Word -> Word -> (Word, Word) #

toInteger :: Word -> Integer #

Real Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

toRational :: Word -> Rational #

Show Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Word -> ShowS #

show :: Word -> String #

showList :: [Word] -> ShowS #

NFData Word 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Word -> () #

Eq Word 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

(/=) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

Ord Word 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: Word -> Word -> Ordering #

(<) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

(<=) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

(>) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

(>=) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

max :: Word -> Word -> Word #

min :: Word -> Word -> Word #

Equality Word 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: Word -> Word -> Result #

Random Word 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random

Methods

randomR :: RandomGen g => (Word, Word) -> g -> (Word, g) #

random :: RandomGen g => g -> (Word, g) #

randomRs :: RandomGen g => (Word, Word) -> g -> [Word] #

randoms :: RandomGen g => g -> [Word] #

Uniform Word 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformM :: StatefulGen g m => g -> m Word #

UniformRange Word 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformRM :: StatefulGen g m => (Word, Word) -> g -> m Word #

Unbox Word 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Lift Word 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Word -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Word -> Code m Word #

Vector Vector Word 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

MVector MVector Word 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Generic1 (URec Word :: k -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep1 (URec Word) :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a :: k0). URec Word a -> Rep1 (URec Word) a #

to1 :: forall (a :: k0). Rep1 (URec Word) a -> URec Word a #

Foldable (UWord :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UWord m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UWord a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UWord a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UWord a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UWord a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UWord a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UWord a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UWord a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UWord a -> a #

toList :: UWord a -> [a] #

null :: UWord a -> Bool #

length :: UWord a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UWord a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UWord a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UWord a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UWord a -> a #

product :: Num a => UWord a -> a #

Traversable (UWord :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UWord a -> f (UWord b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UWord (f a) -> f (UWord a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UWord a -> m (UWord b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UWord (m a) -> m (UWord a) #

Functor (URec Word :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Word a -> URec Word b #

(<$) :: a -> URec Word b -> URec Word a #

Generic (URec Word p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep (URec Word p) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: URec Word p -> Rep (URec Word p) x #

to :: Rep (URec Word p) x -> URec Word p #

Show (URec Word p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> URec Word p -> ShowS #

show :: URec Word p -> String #

showList :: [URec Word p] -> ShowS #

Eq (URec Word p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

Ord (URec Word p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

max :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> URec Word p #

min :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> URec Word p #

newtype Vector Word 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

data URec Word (p :: k)

Used for marking occurrences of Word#

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

data URec Word (p :: k) = UWord {}
newtype MVector s Word 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype MVector s Word = MV_Word (MVector s Word)
type Rep1 (URec Word :: k -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep1 (URec Word :: k -> Type) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UWord" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uWord#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UWord :: k -> Type)))
type Rep (URec Word p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep (URec Word p) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UWord" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uWord#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UWord :: Type -> Type)))

data Ordering #

Constructors

LT 
EQ 
GT 

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

CoArbitrary Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Ordering -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Ordering -> b) -> Ordering :-> b #

Monoid Ordering

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Semigroup Ordering

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Bounded Ordering

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Enum Ordering

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Generic Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep Ordering :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: Ordering -> Rep Ordering x #

to :: Rep Ordering x -> Ordering #

Read Ordering

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Show Ordering

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

NFData Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Ordering -> () #

Eq Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Ord Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

type Rep Ordering

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep Ordering = D1 ('MetaData "Ordering" "GHC.Types" "ghc-prim" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "LT" 'PrefixI 'False) (U1 :: Type -> Type) :+: (C1 ('MetaCons "EQ" 'PrefixI 'False) (U1 :: Type -> Type) :+: C1 ('MetaCons "GT" 'PrefixI 'False) (U1 :: Type -> Type)))

data Maybe a #

The Maybe type encapsulates an optional value. A value of type Maybe a either contains a value of type a (represented as Just a), or it is empty (represented as Nothing). Using Maybe is a good way to deal with errors or exceptional cases without resorting to drastic measures such as error.

The Maybe type is also a monad. It is a simple kind of error monad, where all errors are represented by Nothing. A richer error monad can be built using the Either type.

Constructors

Nothing 
Just a 

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary1 Maybe 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (Maybe a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> Maybe a -> [Maybe a] #

MonadFail Maybe

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.Fail

Methods

fail :: String -> Maybe a #

Foldable Maybe

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Maybe m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Maybe a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Maybe a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Maybe a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Maybe a -> a #

toList :: Maybe a -> [a] #

null :: Maybe a -> Bool #

length :: Maybe a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Maybe a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Maybe a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Maybe a -> a #

product :: Num a => Maybe a -> a #

Traversable Maybe

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Maybe a -> f (Maybe b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Maybe (f a) -> f (Maybe a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Maybe a -> m (Maybe b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Maybe (m a) -> m (Maybe a) #

Alternative Maybe

Picks the leftmost Just value, or, alternatively, Nothing.

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

empty :: Maybe a #

(<|>) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

some :: Maybe a -> Maybe [a] #

many :: Maybe a -> Maybe [a] #

Applicative Maybe

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a -> Maybe a #

(<*>) :: Maybe (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b -> Maybe c #

(*>) :: Maybe a -> Maybe b -> Maybe b #

(<*) :: Maybe a -> Maybe b -> Maybe a #

Functor Maybe

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b #

(<$) :: a -> Maybe b -> Maybe a #

Monad Maybe

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: Maybe a -> (a -> Maybe b) -> Maybe b #

(>>) :: Maybe a -> Maybe b -> Maybe b #

return :: a -> Maybe a #

MonadPlus Maybe

Picks the leftmost Just value, or, alternatively, Nothing.

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mzero :: Maybe a #

mplus :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

NFData1 Maybe

Since: deepseq-1.4.3.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

liftRnf :: (a -> ()) -> Maybe a -> () #

Generic1 Maybe 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep1 Maybe :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a :: k). Maybe a -> Rep1 Maybe a #

to1 :: forall (a :: k). Rep1 Maybe a -> Maybe a #

Lift a => Lift (Maybe a :: Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Maybe a -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Maybe a -> Code m (Maybe a) #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Maybe a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Maybe a) #

shrink :: Maybe a -> [Maybe a] #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Maybe a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Maybe a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function a => Function (Maybe a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Maybe a -> b) -> Maybe a :-> b #

Testable prop => Testable (Maybe prop) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Maybe prop -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Maybe prop) -> Property #

Semigroup a => Monoid (Maybe a)

Lift a semigroup into Maybe forming a Monoid according to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoid: "Any semigroup S may be turned into a monoid simply by adjoining an element e not in S and defining e*e = e and e*s = s = s*e for all s ∈ S."

Since 4.11.0: constraint on inner a value generalised from Monoid to Semigroup.

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: Maybe a #

mappend :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

mconcat :: [Maybe a] -> Maybe a #

Semigroup a => Semigroup (Maybe a)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Maybe a) -> Maybe a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

Generic (Maybe a) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep (Maybe a) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: Maybe a -> Rep (Maybe a) x #

to :: Rep (Maybe a) x -> Maybe a #

SingKind a => SingKind (Maybe a)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type DemoteRep (Maybe a)

Methods

fromSing :: forall (a0 :: Maybe a). Sing a0 -> DemoteRep (Maybe a)

Read a => Read (Maybe a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Show a => Show (Maybe a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Maybe a -> ShowS #

show :: Maybe a -> String #

showList :: [Maybe a] -> ShowS #

NFData a => NFData (Maybe a) 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Maybe a -> () #

Eq a => Eq (Maybe a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Maybe

Methods

(==) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (Maybe a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Maybe

Methods

compare :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

(>) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

max :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

min :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

ByteSource src => ByteSource (Maybe src) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Methods

fillBytes :: BYTES Int -> Maybe src -> Ptr a -> IO (FillResult (Maybe src)) #

PureByteSource src => PureByteSource (Maybe src) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

SingI ('Nothing :: Maybe a)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

sing :: Sing 'Nothing

SingI a2 => SingI ('Just a2 :: Maybe a1)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

sing :: Sing ('Just a2)

type Rep1 Maybe

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep1 Maybe = D1 ('MetaData "Maybe" "GHC.Maybe" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "Nothing" 'PrefixI 'False) (U1 :: Type -> Type) :+: C1 ('MetaCons "Just" 'PrefixI 'False) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Nothing :: Maybe Symbol) 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) Par1))
type DemoteRep (Maybe a) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type DemoteRep (Maybe a) = Maybe (DemoteRep a)
type Rep (Maybe a)

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep (Maybe a) = D1 ('MetaData "Maybe" "GHC.Maybe" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "Nothing" 'PrefixI 'False) (U1 :: Type -> Type) :+: C1 ('MetaCons "Just" 'PrefixI 'False) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Nothing :: Maybe Symbol) 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))
data Sing (b :: Maybe a) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

data Sing (b :: Maybe a) where

class a ~# b => (a :: k) ~ (b :: k) infix 4 #

Lifted, homogeneous equality. By lifted, we mean that it can be bogus (deferred type error). By homogeneous, the two types a and b must have the same kinds.

data Integer #

Arbitrary precision integers. In contrast with fixed-size integral types such as Int, the Integer type represents the entire infinite range of integers.

Integers are stored in a kind of sign-magnitude form, hence do not expect two's complement form when using bit operations.

If the value is small (fit into an Int), IS constructor is used. Otherwise Integer and IN constructors are used to store a BigNat representing respectively the positive or the negative value magnitude.

Invariant: Integer and IN are used iff value doesn't fit in IS

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Integer 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

CoArbitrary Integer 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Integer -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Integer 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Integer -> b) -> Integer :-> b #

Bits Integer

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

Enum Integer

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Num Integer

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num

Read Integer

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Integral Integer

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Real Integer

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Show Integer

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

NFData Integer 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Integer -> () #

Eq Integer 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num.Integer

Methods

(==) :: Integer -> Integer -> Bool #

(/=) :: Integer -> Integer -> Bool #

Ord Integer 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num.Integer

Random Integer

Note - random generates values in the Int range

Instance details

Defined in System.Random

Methods

randomR :: RandomGen g => (Integer, Integer) -> g -> (Integer, g) #

random :: RandomGen g => g -> (Integer, g) #

randomRs :: RandomGen g => (Integer, Integer) -> g -> [Integer] #

randoms :: RandomGen g => g -> [Integer] #

UniformRange Integer 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformRM :: StatefulGen g m => (Integer, Integer) -> g -> m Integer #

Lift Integer 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Integer -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Integer -> Code m Integer #

data IO a #

A value of type IO a is a computation which, when performed, does some I/O before returning a value of type a.

There is really only one way to "perform" an I/O action: bind it to Main.main in your program. When your program is run, the I/O will be performed. It isn't possible to perform I/O from an arbitrary function, unless that function is itself in the IO monad and called at some point, directly or indirectly, from Main.main.

IO is a monad, so IO actions can be combined using either the do-notation or the >> and >>= operations from the Monad class.

Instances

Instances details
MonadFail IO

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.Fail

Methods

fail :: String -> IO a #

MonadIO IO

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.IO.Class

Methods

liftIO :: IO a -> IO a #

Alternative IO

Takes the first non-throwing IO action's result. empty throws an exception.

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

empty :: IO a #

(<|>) :: IO a -> IO a -> IO a #

some :: IO a -> IO [a] #

many :: IO a -> IO [a] #

Applicative IO

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a -> IO a #

(<*>) :: IO (a -> b) -> IO a -> IO b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> IO a -> IO b -> IO c #

(*>) :: IO a -> IO b -> IO b #

(<*) :: IO a -> IO b -> IO a #

Functor IO

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> IO a -> IO b #

(<$) :: a -> IO b -> IO a #

Monad IO

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: IO a -> (a -> IO b) -> IO b #

(>>) :: IO a -> IO b -> IO b #

return :: a -> IO a #

MonadPlus IO

Takes the first non-throwing IO action's result. mzero throws an exception.

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mzero :: IO a #

mplus :: IO a -> IO a -> IO a #

Example Expectation 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg Expectation #

PrimBase IO 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.Primitive

Methods

internal :: IO a -> State# (PrimState IO) -> (# State# (PrimState IO), a #) #

PrimMonad IO 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.Primitive

Associated Types

type PrimState IO #

Methods

primitive :: (State# (PrimState IO) -> (# State# (PrimState IO), a #)) -> IO a #

Quasi IO 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Quote IO 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

newName :: String -> IO Name #

Monoid a => Monoid (IO a)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: IO a #

mappend :: IO a -> IO a -> IO a #

mconcat :: [IO a] -> IO a #

Semigroup a => Semigroup (IO a)

Since: base-4.10.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: IO a -> IO a -> IO a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (IO a) -> IO a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> IO a -> IO a #

Example (a -> Expectation) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg (a -> Expectation) #

Methods

evaluateExample :: (a -> Expectation) -> Params -> (ActionWith (Arg (a -> Expectation)) -> IO ()) -> ProgressCallback -> IO Result #

type Arg Expectation 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg Expectation = ()
type PrimState IO 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.Primitive

type Arg (a -> Expectation) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg (a -> Expectation) = a

type Type = TYPE LiftedRep #

The kind of types with lifted values. For example Int :: Type.

type Constraint = CONSTRAINT LiftedRep #

The kind of lifted constraints

class Show a where #

Conversion of values to readable Strings.

Derived instances of Show have the following properties, which are compatible with derived instances of Read:

  • The result of show is a syntactically correct Haskell expression containing only constants, given the fixity declarations in force at the point where the type is declared. It contains only the constructor names defined in the data type, parentheses, and spaces. When labelled constructor fields are used, braces, commas, field names, and equal signs are also used.
  • If the constructor is defined to be an infix operator, then showsPrec will produce infix applications of the constructor.
  • the representation will be enclosed in parentheses if the precedence of the top-level constructor in x is less than d (associativity is ignored). Thus, if d is 0 then the result is never surrounded in parentheses; if d is 11 it is always surrounded in parentheses, unless it is an atomic expression.
  • If the constructor is defined using record syntax, then show will produce the record-syntax form, with the fields given in the same order as the original declaration.

For example, given the declarations

infixr 5 :^:
data Tree a =  Leaf a  |  Tree a :^: Tree a

the derived instance of Show is equivalent to

instance (Show a) => Show (Tree a) where

       showsPrec d (Leaf m) = showParen (d > app_prec) $
            showString "Leaf " . showsPrec (app_prec+1) m
         where app_prec = 10

       showsPrec d (u :^: v) = showParen (d > up_prec) $
            showsPrec (up_prec+1) u .
            showString " :^: "      .
            showsPrec (up_prec+1) v
         where up_prec = 5

Note that right-associativity of :^: is ignored. For example,

  • show (Leaf 1 :^: Leaf 2 :^: Leaf 3) produces the string "Leaf 1 :^: (Leaf 2 :^: Leaf 3)".

Minimal complete definition

showsPrec | show

Methods

showsPrec #

Arguments

:: Int

the operator precedence of the enclosing context (a number from 0 to 11). Function application has precedence 10.

-> a

the value to be converted to a String

-> ShowS 

Convert a value to a readable String.

showsPrec should satisfy the law

showsPrec d x r ++ s  ==  showsPrec d x (r ++ s)

Derived instances of Read and Show satisfy the following:

That is, readsPrec parses the string produced by showsPrec, and delivers the value that showsPrec started with.

show :: a -> String #

A specialised variant of showsPrec, using precedence context zero, and returning an ordinary String.

showList :: [a] -> ShowS #

The method showList is provided to allow the programmer to give a specialised way of showing lists of values. For example, this is used by the predefined Show instance of the Char type, where values of type String should be shown in double quotes, rather than between square brackets.

Instances

Instances details
Show FailureReason 
Instance details

Defined in Test.HUnit.Lang

Show HUnitFailure 
Instance details

Defined in Test.HUnit.Lang

Show Result 
Instance details

Defined in Test.HUnit.Lang

Show ASCIIString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show PrintableString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show UnicodeString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show Witness 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Show QCGen 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Random

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> QCGen -> ShowS #

show :: QCGen -> String #

showList :: [QCGen] -> ShowS #

Show Confidence 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.State

Show Args 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Test

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Args -> ShowS #

show :: Args -> String #

showList :: [Args] -> ShowS #

Show Result 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Test

Show SomeTypeRep

Since: base-4.10.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Typeable.Internal

Show IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Show WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Show Void

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Void -> ShowS #

show :: Void -> String #

showList :: [Void] -> ShowS #

Show ErrorCall

Since: base-4.0.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Exception

Show ArithException

Since: base-4.0.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Exception.Type

Show SomeException

Since: base-3.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Exception.Type

Show Associativity

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Show DecidedStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Show Fixity

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Show SourceStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Show SourceUnpackedness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Show MaskingState

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO

Show SeekMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

Show CodingProgress

Since: base-4.4.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Encoding.Types

Show TextEncoding

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Encoding.Types

Show AllocationLimitExceeded

Since: base-4.7.1.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show ArrayException

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show AssertionFailed

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show AsyncException

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show BlockedIndefinitelyOnMVar

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show BlockedIndefinitelyOnSTM

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show CompactionFailed

Since: base-4.10.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show Deadlock

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show ExitCode 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show FixIOException

Since: base-4.11.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show IOErrorType

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show IOException

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show SomeAsyncException

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Show HandlePosn

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle

Show BufferMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Show Handle

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Show HandleType

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Show Newline

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Show NewlineMode

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Show IOMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.IOMode

Show FractionalExponentBase 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Show CallStack

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show SrcLoc

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show SomeNat

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.TypeNats

Show Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Show Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Show Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Show Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Word8 -> ShowS #

show :: Word8 -> String #

showList :: [Word8] -> ShowS #

Show ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Show ShortByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Short.Internal

Show IntSet 
Instance details

Defined in Data.IntSet.Internal

Show OsChar 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Show OsString

On windows, decodes as UCS-2. On unix prints the raw bytes without decoding.

Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Show PosixChar 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Show PosixString

Prints the raw bytes without decoding.

Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Show WindowsChar 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Show WindowsString

Decodes as UCS-2.

Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Show KindRep 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show Module

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show Ordering

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show TrName

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show TyCon

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> TyCon -> ShowS #

show :: TyCon -> String #

showList :: [TyCon] -> ShowS #

Show TypeLitSort

Since: base-4.11.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show FailureReason 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Show Params 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Show Result 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Show ResultStatus 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Show ProgressReporting 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Runner

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> ProgressReporting -> ShowS #

show :: ProgressReporting -> String #

showList :: [ProgressReporting] -> ShowS #

Show UseColor 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Runner

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> UseColor -> ShowS #

show :: UseColor -> String #

showList :: [UseColor] -> ShowS #

Show Mode 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Mode -> ShowS #

show :: Mode -> String #

showList :: [Mode] -> ShowS #

Show Style 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Style -> ShowS #

show :: Style -> String #

showList :: [Style] -> ShowS #

Show TextDetails 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Show Doc 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.HughesPJ

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Doc -> ShowS #

show :: Doc -> String #

showList :: [Doc] -> ShowS #

Show Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Show Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Show Alignment 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Alignment -> ShowS #

show :: Alignment -> String #

showList :: [Alignment] -> ShowS #

Show Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Show R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> R -> ShowS #

show :: R -> String #

showList :: [R] -> ShowS #

Show S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> S -> ShowS #

show :: S -> String #

showList :: [S] -> ShowS #

Show StdGen 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Show AnnLookup 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show AnnTarget 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Bang 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Bang -> ShowS #

show :: Bang -> String #

showList :: [Bang] -> ShowS #

Show Body 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Body -> ShowS #

show :: Body -> String #

showList :: [Body] -> ShowS #

Show Bytes 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Bytes -> ShowS #

show :: Bytes -> String #

showList :: [Bytes] -> ShowS #

Show Callconv 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Clause 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Con 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Con -> ShowS #

show :: Con -> String #

showList :: [Con] -> ShowS #

Show Dec 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Dec -> ShowS #

show :: Dec -> String #

showList :: [Dec] -> ShowS #

Show DecidedStrictness 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show DerivClause 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show DerivStrategy 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show DocLoc 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Exp 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Exp -> ShowS #

show :: Exp -> String #

showList :: [Exp] -> ShowS #

Show FamilyResultSig 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Fixity 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show FixityDirection 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Foreign 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show FunDep 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Guard 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Guard -> ShowS #

show :: Guard -> String #

showList :: [Guard] -> ShowS #

Show Info 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Info -> ShowS #

show :: Info -> String #

showList :: [Info] -> ShowS #

Show InjectivityAnn 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Inline 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Lit 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Lit -> ShowS #

show :: Lit -> String #

showList :: [Lit] -> ShowS #

Show Loc 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Loc -> ShowS #

show :: Loc -> String #

showList :: [Loc] -> ShowS #

Show Match 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Match -> ShowS #

show :: Match -> String #

showList :: [Match] -> ShowS #

Show ModName 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Module 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show ModuleInfo 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Name 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Name -> ShowS #

show :: Name -> String #

showList :: [Name] -> ShowS #

Show NameFlavour 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show NameSpace 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show OccName 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Overlap 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Pat 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Pat -> ShowS #

show :: Pat -> String #

showList :: [Pat] -> ShowS #

Show PatSynArgs 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show PatSynDir 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Phases 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show PkgName 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Pragma 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Range 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Range -> ShowS #

show :: Range -> String #

showList :: [Range] -> ShowS #

Show Role 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Role -> ShowS #

show :: Role -> String #

showList :: [Role] -> ShowS #

Show RuleBndr 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show RuleMatch 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Safety 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show SourceStrictness 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show SourceUnpackedness 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Specificity 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Stmt 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Stmt -> ShowS #

show :: Stmt -> String #

showList :: [Stmt] -> ShowS #

Show TyLit 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> TyLit -> ShowS #

show :: TyLit -> String #

showList :: [TyLit] -> ShowS #

Show TySynEqn 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show Type 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Type -> ShowS #

show :: Type -> String #

showList :: [Type] -> ShowS #

Show TypeFamilyHead 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Show LocalTime 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Time.LocalTime.Internal.LocalTime

Show ZonedTime

For the time zone, this only shows the name, or offset if the name is empty.

Instance details

Defined in Data.Time.LocalTime.Internal.ZonedTime

Show Integer

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show Natural

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show ()

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> () -> ShowS #

show :: () -> String #

showList :: [()] -> ShowS #

Show Bool

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Bool -> ShowS #

show :: Bool -> String #

showList :: [Bool] -> ShowS #

Show Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Char -> ShowS #

show :: Char -> String #

showList :: [Char] -> ShowS #

Show Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Int -> ShowS #

show :: Int -> String #

showList :: [Int] -> ShowS #

Show Levity

Since: base-4.15.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show RuntimeRep

Since: base-4.11.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show VecCount

Since: base-4.11.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show VecElem

Since: base-4.11.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Show Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Word -> ShowS #

show :: Word -> String #

showList :: [Word] -> ShowS #

Show (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Blind a -> ShowS #

show :: Blind a -> String #

showList :: [Blind a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Fixed a -> ShowS #

show :: Fixed a -> String #

showList :: [Fixed a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (InfiniteList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Large a -> ShowS #

show :: Large a -> String #

showList :: [Large a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Negative a -> ShowS #

show :: Negative a -> String #

showList :: [Negative a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (NonEmptyList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> NonZero a -> ShowS #

show :: NonZero a -> String #

showList :: [NonZero a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (OrderedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Positive a -> ShowS #

show :: Positive a -> String #

showList :: [Positive a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Shrink2 a -> ShowS #

show :: Shrink2 a -> String #

showList :: [Shrink2 a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Small a -> ShowS #

show :: Small a -> String #

showList :: [Small a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Smart a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Smart a -> ShowS #

show :: Smart a -> String #

showList :: [Smart a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (SortedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (ZipList a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> ZipList a -> ShowS #

show :: ZipList a -> String #

showList :: [ZipList a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> And a -> ShowS #

show :: And a -> String #

showList :: [And a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Iff a -> ShowS #

show :: Iff a -> String #

showList :: [Iff a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Ior a -> ShowS #

show :: Ior a -> String #

showList :: [Ior a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Xor a -> ShowS #

show :: Xor a -> String #

showList :: [Xor a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (NonEmpty a)

Since: base-4.11.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> NonEmpty a -> ShowS #

show :: NonEmpty a -> String #

showList :: [NonEmpty a] -> ShowS #

Show p => Show (Par1 p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Par1 p -> ShowS #

show :: Par1 p -> String #

showList :: [Par1 p] -> ShowS #

Show (FunPtr a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Ptr

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> FunPtr a -> ShowS #

show :: FunPtr a -> String #

showList :: [FunPtr a] -> ShowS #

Show (Ptr a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Ptr

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Ptr a -> ShowS #

show :: Ptr a -> String #

showList :: [Ptr a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Ratio a)

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Ratio a -> ShowS #

show :: Ratio a -> String #

showList :: [Ratio a] -> ShowS #

Show (SNat n)

Since: base-4.18.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.TypeNats

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> SNat n -> ShowS #

show :: SNat n -> String #

showList :: [SNat n] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (IntMap a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> IntMap a -> ShowS #

show :: IntMap a -> String #

showList :: [IntMap a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Seq a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Seq a -> ShowS #

show :: Seq a -> String #

showList :: [Seq a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (ViewL a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> ViewL a -> ShowS #

show :: ViewL a -> String #

showList :: [ViewL a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (ViewR a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> ViewR a -> ShowS #

show :: ViewR a -> String #

showList :: [ViewR a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Intersection a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Show a => Show (Set a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Set a -> ShowS #

show :: Set a -> String #

showList :: [Set a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Tree a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Tree

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Tree a -> ShowS #

show :: Tree a -> String #

showList :: [Tree a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (AnnotDetails a) 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Show (Doc a) 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Doc a -> ShowS #

show :: Doc a -> String #

showList :: [Doc a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Span a) 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Span a -> ShowS #

show :: Span a -> String #

showList :: [Span a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Array a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Array a -> ShowS #

show :: Array a -> String #

showList :: [Array a] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Prim a) => Show (PrimArray a)

Since: primitive-0.6.4.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.PrimArray

Show a => Show (SmallArray a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Show a => Show (FillResult a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Show (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Show (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Key (Keyed prim)) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Key (Keyed prim) -> ShowS #

show :: Key (Keyed prim) -> String #

showList :: [Key (Keyed prim)] -> ShowS #

Show (Key Poly1305) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Show (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show w => Show (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> BE w -> ShowS #

show :: BE w -> String #

showList :: [BE w] -> ShowS #

Show w => Show (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> LE w -> ShowS #

show :: LE w -> String #

showList :: [LE w] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> BYTES a -> ShowS #

show :: BYTES a -> String #

showList :: [BYTES a] -> ShowS #

(EndianStore w, Unbox w) => Show (Blake2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Blake2 w -> ShowS #

show :: Blake2 w -> String #

showList :: [Blake2 w] -> ShowS #

Show prim => Show (Keyed prim) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Keyed prim -> ShowS #

show :: Keyed prim -> String #

showList :: [Keyed prim] -> ShowS #

(EndianStore w, Unbox w) => Show (Sha2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Sha2 w -> ShowS #

show :: Sha2 w -> String #

showList :: [Sha2 w] -> ShowS #

Show g => Show (StateGen g) 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> StateGen g -> ShowS #

show :: StateGen g -> String #

showList :: [StateGen g] -> ShowS #

Show flag => Show (TyVarBndr flag) 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> TyVarBndr flag -> ShowS #

show :: TyVarBndr flag -> String #

showList :: [TyVarBndr flag] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Prim a) => Show (Vector a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Primitive

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Vector a -> ShowS #

show :: Vector a -> String #

showList :: [Vector a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Maybe a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Maybe a -> ShowS #

show :: Maybe a -> String #

showList :: [Maybe a] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (a)

Since: base-4.15

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a) -> ShowS #

show :: (a) -> String #

showList :: [(a)] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show [a]

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> [a] -> ShowS #

show :: [a] -> String #

showList :: [[a]] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b) => Show (a :-> b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a :-> b) -> ShowS #

show :: (a :-> b) -> String #

showList :: [a :-> b] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b) => Show (Fun a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Fun a b -> ShowS #

show :: Fun a b -> String #

showList :: [Fun a b] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Shrinking s a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Shrinking s a -> ShowS #

show :: Shrinking s a -> String #

showList :: [Shrinking s a] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b) => Show (Either a b)

Since: base-3.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Either a b -> ShowS #

show :: Either a b -> String #

showList :: [Either a b] -> ShowS #

Show (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Proxy s -> ShowS #

show :: Proxy s -> String #

showList :: [Proxy s] -> ShowS #

Show (TypeRep a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Typeable.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> TypeRep a -> ShowS #

show :: TypeRep a -> String #

showList :: [TypeRep a] -> ShowS #

Show (U1 p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> U1 p -> ShowS #

show :: U1 p -> String #

showList :: [U1 p] -> ShowS #

Show (V1 p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> V1 p -> ShowS #

show :: V1 p -> String #

showList :: [V1 p] -> ShowS #

Show (ST s a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.ST

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> ST s a -> ShowS #

show :: ST s a -> String #

showList :: [ST s a] -> ShowS #

(Show k, Show a) => Show (Map k a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Map k a -> ShowS #

show :: Map k a -> String #

showList :: [Map k a] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Unbox a) => Show (Tuple dim a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Tuple

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Tuple dim a -> ShowS #

show :: Tuple dim a -> String #

showList :: [Tuple dim a] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b) => Show (a, b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b)] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Const a b)

This instance would be equivalent to the derived instances of the Const newtype if the getConst field were removed

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Const a b -> ShowS #

show :: Const a b -> String #

showList :: [Const a b] -> ShowS #

Show (f p) => Show (Rec1 f p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Rec1 f p -> ShowS #

show :: Rec1 f p -> String #

showList :: [Rec1 f p] -> ShowS #

Show (URec Char p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> URec Char p -> ShowS #

show :: URec Char p -> String #

showList :: [URec Char p] -> ShowS #

Show (URec Double p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> URec Double p -> ShowS #

show :: URec Double p -> String #

showList :: [URec Double p] -> ShowS #

Show (URec Float p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> URec Float p -> ShowS #

show :: URec Float p -> String #

showList :: [URec Float p] -> ShowS #

Show (URec Int p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> URec Int p -> ShowS #

show :: URec Int p -> String #

showList :: [URec Int p] -> ShowS #

Show (URec Word p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> URec Word p -> ShowS #

show :: URec Word p -> String #

showList :: [URec Word p] -> ShowS #

Show a => Show (Constant a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Constant

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Constant a b -> ShowS #

show :: Constant a b -> String #

showList :: [Constant a b] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c) => Show (a, b, c)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c)] -> ShowS #

(Show (f p), Show (g p)) => Show ((f :*: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (f :*: g) p -> ShowS #

show :: (f :*: g) p -> String #

showList :: [(f :*: g) p] -> ShowS #

(Show (f p), Show (g p)) => Show ((f :+: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (f :+: g) p -> ShowS #

show :: (f :+: g) p -> String #

showList :: [(f :+: g) p] -> ShowS #

Show c => Show (K1 i c p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> K1 i c p -> ShowS #

show :: K1 i c p -> String #

showList :: [K1 i c p] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d) => Show (a, b, c, d)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d)] -> ShowS #

Show (f (g p)) => Show ((f :.: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (f :.: g) p -> ShowS #

show :: (f :.: g) p -> String #

showList :: [(f :.: g) p] -> ShowS #

Show (f p) => Show (M1 i c f p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> M1 i c f p -> ShowS #

show :: M1 i c f p -> String #

showList :: [M1 i c f p] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d, Show e) => Show (a, b, c, d, e)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d, e)] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d, Show e, Show f) => Show (a, b, c, d, e, f)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f)] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d, Show e, Show f, Show g) => Show (a, b, c, d, e, f, g)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g)] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d, Show e, Show f, Show g, Show h) => Show (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h)] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d, Show e, Show f, Show g, Show h, Show i) => Show (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i)] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d, Show e, Show f, Show g, Show h, Show i, Show j) => Show (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j)] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d, Show e, Show f, Show g, Show h, Show i, Show j, Show k) => Show (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k)] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d, Show e, Show f, Show g, Show h, Show i, Show j, Show k, Show l) => Show (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l)] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d, Show e, Show f, Show g, Show h, Show i, Show j, Show k, Show l, Show m) => Show (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m)] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d, Show e, Show f, Show g, Show h, Show i, Show j, Show k, Show l, Show m, Show n) => Show (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n)] -> ShowS #

(Show a, Show b, Show c, Show d, Show e, Show f, Show g, Show h, Show i, Show j, Show k, Show l, Show m, Show n, Show o) => Show (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> ShowS #

show :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> String #

showList :: [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o)] -> ShowS #

class Semigroup a => Monoid a where #

The class of monoids (types with an associative binary operation that has an identity). Instances should satisfy the following:

Right identity
x <> mempty = x
Left identity
mempty <> x = x
Associativity
x <> (y <> z) = (x <> y) <> z (Semigroup law)
Concatenation
mconcat = foldr (<>) mempty

You can alternatively define mconcat instead of mempty, in which case the laws are:

Unit
mconcat (pure x) = x
Multiplication
mconcat (join xss) = mconcat (fmap mconcat xss)
Subclass
mconcat (toList xs) = sconcat xs

The method names refer to the monoid of lists under concatenation, but there are many other instances.

Some types can be viewed as a monoid in more than one way, e.g. both addition and multiplication on numbers. In such cases we often define newtypes and make those instances of Monoid, e.g. Sum and Product.

NOTE: Semigroup is a superclass of Monoid since base-4.11.0.0.

Minimal complete definition

mempty | mconcat

Methods

mempty :: a #

Identity of mappend

>>> "Hello world" <> mempty
"Hello world"

mappend :: a -> a -> a #

An associative operation

NOTE: This method is redundant and has the default implementation mappend = (<>) since base-4.11.0.0. Should it be implemented manually, since mappend is a synonym for (<>), it is expected that the two functions are defined the same way. In a future GHC release mappend will be removed from Monoid.

mconcat :: [a] -> a #

Fold a list using the monoid.

For most types, the default definition for mconcat will be used, but the function is included in the class definition so that an optimized version can be provided for specific types.

>>> mconcat ["Hello", " ", "Haskell", "!"]
"Hello Haskell!"

Instances

Instances details
Monoid ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Monoid ShortByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Short.Internal

Monoid IntSet 
Instance details

Defined in Data.IntSet.Internal

Monoid OsString

"String-Concatenation" for OsString. This is not the same as (</>).

Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Monoid PosixString 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Monoid WindowsString 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Monoid Ordering

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Monoid Doc 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.HughesPJ

Methods

mempty :: Doc #

mappend :: Doc -> Doc -> Doc #

mconcat :: [Doc] -> Doc #

Monoid Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Monoid Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Monoid Result 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

mempty :: Result #

mappend :: Result -> Result -> Result #

mconcat :: [Result] -> Result #

Monoid Alignment 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

mempty :: Alignment #

mappend :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Alignment #

mconcat :: [Alignment] -> Alignment #

Monoid ()

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: () #

mappend :: () -> () -> () #

mconcat :: [()] -> () #

FiniteBits a => Monoid (And a)

This constraint is arguably too strong. However, as some types (such as Natural) have undefined complement, this is the only safe choice.

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

mempty :: And a #

mappend :: And a -> And a -> And a #

mconcat :: [And a] -> And a #

FiniteBits a => Monoid (Iff a)

This constraint is arguably too strong. However, as some types (such as Natural) have undefined complement, this is the only safe choice.

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

mempty :: Iff a #

mappend :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a #

mconcat :: [Iff a] -> Iff a #

Bits a => Monoid (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

mempty :: Ior a #

mappend :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a #

mconcat :: [Ior a] -> Ior a #

Bits a => Monoid (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

mempty :: Xor a #

mappend :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a #

mconcat :: [Xor a] -> Xor a #

(Generic a, Monoid (Rep a ())) => Monoid (Generically a)

Since: base-4.17.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Monoid p => Monoid (Par1 p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

mempty :: Par1 p #

mappend :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Par1 p #

mconcat :: [Par1 p] -> Par1 p #

Monoid (IntMap a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

mempty :: IntMap a #

mappend :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a #

mconcat :: [IntMap a] -> IntMap a #

Monoid (Seq a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

mempty :: Seq a #

mappend :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Seq a #

mconcat :: [Seq a] -> Seq a #

Monoid (MergeSet a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Methods

mempty :: MergeSet a #

mappend :: MergeSet a -> MergeSet a -> MergeSet a #

mconcat :: [MergeSet a] -> MergeSet a #

Ord a => Monoid (Set a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Methods

mempty :: Set a #

mappend :: Set a -> Set a -> Set a #

mconcat :: [Set a] -> Set a #

Monoid a => Monoid (IO a)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: IO a #

mappend :: IO a -> IO a -> IO a #

mconcat :: [IO a] -> IO a #

Monoid (Doc a) 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

mempty :: Doc a #

mappend :: Doc a -> Doc a -> Doc a #

mconcat :: [Doc a] -> Doc a #

Monoid (Array a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

mempty :: Array a #

mappend :: Array a -> Array a -> Array a #

mconcat :: [Array a] -> Array a #

Monoid (PrimArray a)

Since: primitive-0.6.4.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.PrimArray

Monoid (SmallArray a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Monoid (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Monoid (TransferM t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

mempty :: TransferM t #

mappend :: TransferM t -> TransferM t -> TransferM t #

mconcat :: [TransferM t] -> TransferM t #

Num a => Monoid (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

mempty :: BYTES a #

mappend :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

mconcat :: [BYTES a] -> BYTES a #

Monoid a => Monoid (Q a)

Since: template-haskell-2.17.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

mempty :: Q a #

mappend :: Q a -> Q a -> Q a #

mconcat :: [Q a] -> Q a #

Prim a => Monoid (Vector a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Primitive

Methods

mempty :: Vector a #

mappend :: Vector a -> Vector a -> Vector a #

mconcat :: [Vector a] -> Vector a #

Semigroup a => Monoid (Maybe a)

Lift a semigroup into Maybe forming a Monoid according to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoid: "Any semigroup S may be turned into a monoid simply by adjoining an element e not in S and defining e*e = e and e*s = s = s*e for all s ∈ S."

Since 4.11.0: constraint on inner a value generalised from Monoid to Semigroup.

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: Maybe a #

mappend :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

mconcat :: [Maybe a] -> Maybe a #

Monoid a => Monoid (a)

Since: base-4.15

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: (a) #

mappend :: (a) -> (a) -> (a) #

mconcat :: [(a)] -> (a) #

Monoid [a]

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: [a] #

mappend :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] #

mconcat :: [[a]] -> [a] #

Monoid (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

mempty :: Proxy s #

mappend :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Proxy s #

mconcat :: [Proxy s] -> Proxy s #

Monoid (U1 p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

mempty :: U1 p #

mappend :: U1 p -> U1 p -> U1 p #

mconcat :: [U1 p] -> U1 p #

Monoid a => Monoid (ST s a)

Since: base-4.11.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.ST

Methods

mempty :: ST s a #

mappend :: ST s a -> ST s a -> ST s a #

mconcat :: [ST s a] -> ST s a #

Ord k => Monoid (Map k v) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

mempty :: Map k v #

mappend :: Map k v -> Map k v -> Map k v #

mconcat :: [Map k v] -> Map k v #

(Monoid a, Monoid b) => Monoid (a, b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: (a, b) #

mappend :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> (a, b) #

mconcat :: [(a, b)] -> (a, b) #

Monoid b => Monoid (a -> b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: a -> b #

mappend :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b) -> a -> b #

mconcat :: [a -> b] -> a -> b #

Monoid a => Monoid (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

mempty :: Const a b #

mappend :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

mconcat :: [Const a b] -> Const a b #

Monoid (f p) => Monoid (Rec1 f p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

mempty :: Rec1 f p #

mappend :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p #

mconcat :: [Rec1 f p] -> Rec1 f p #

Monoid a => Monoid (Constant a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Constant

Methods

mempty :: Constant a b #

mappend :: Constant a b -> Constant a b -> Constant a b #

mconcat :: [Constant a b] -> Constant a b #

(Monoid a, Monoid b, Monoid c) => Monoid (a, b, c)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: (a, b, c) #

mappend :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) #

mconcat :: [(a, b, c)] -> (a, b, c) #

(Monoid (f p), Monoid (g p)) => Monoid ((f :*: g) p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

mempty :: (f :*: g) p #

mappend :: (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p #

mconcat :: [(f :*: g) p] -> (f :*: g) p #

Monoid c => Monoid (K1 i c p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

mempty :: K1 i c p #

mappend :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> K1 i c p #

mconcat :: [K1 i c p] -> K1 i c p #

(Monoid a, Monoid b, Monoid c, Monoid d) => Monoid (a, b, c, d)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: (a, b, c, d) #

mappend :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) #

mconcat :: [(a, b, c, d)] -> (a, b, c, d) #

Monoid (f (g p)) => Monoid ((f :.: g) p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

mempty :: (f :.: g) p #

mappend :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p #

mconcat :: [(f :.: g) p] -> (f :.: g) p #

Monoid (f p) => Monoid (M1 i c f p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

mempty :: M1 i c f p #

mappend :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p #

mconcat :: [M1 i c f p] -> M1 i c f p #

(Monoid a, Monoid b, Monoid c, Monoid d, Monoid e) => Monoid (a, b, c, d, e)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mempty :: (a, b, c, d, e) #

mappend :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) #

mconcat :: [(a, b, c, d, e)] -> (a, b, c, d, e) #

class Semigroup a where #

The class of semigroups (types with an associative binary operation).

Instances should satisfy the following:

Associativity
x <> (y <> z) = (x <> y) <> z

You can alternatively define sconcat instead of (<>), in which case the laws are:

Unit
sconcat (pure x) = x
Multiplication
sconcat (join xss) = sconcat (fmap sconcat xss)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Minimal complete definition

(<>) | sconcat

Methods

(<>) :: a -> a -> a infixr 6 #

An associative operation.

>>> [1,2,3] <> [4,5,6]
[1,2,3,4,5,6]

Instances

Instances details
Semigroup Void

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: Void -> Void -> Void #

sconcat :: NonEmpty Void -> Void #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Void -> Void #

Semigroup ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Semigroup ShortByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Short.Internal

Semigroup IntSet

Since: containers-0.5.7

Instance details

Defined in Data.IntSet.Internal

Semigroup OsString 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Semigroup PosixString 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Semigroup WindowsString 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Semigroup Ordering

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Semigroup Doc 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.HughesPJ

Methods

(<>) :: Doc -> Doc -> Doc #

sconcat :: NonEmpty Doc -> Doc #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Doc -> Doc #

Semigroup Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Semigroup Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Semigroup Result 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

(<>) :: Result -> Result -> Result #

sconcat :: NonEmpty Result -> Result #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Result -> Result #

Semigroup Alignment 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

(<>) :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Alignment #

sconcat :: NonEmpty Alignment -> Alignment #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Alignment -> Alignment #

Semigroup ()

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: () -> () -> () #

sconcat :: NonEmpty () -> () #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> () -> () #

Bits a => Semigroup (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(<>) :: And a -> And a -> And a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (And a) -> And a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> And a -> And a #

FiniteBits a => Semigroup (Iff a)

This constraint is arguably too strong. However, as some types (such as Natural) have undefined complement, this is the only safe choice.

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(<>) :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Iff a) -> Iff a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Iff a -> Iff a #

Bits a => Semigroup (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(<>) :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Ior a) -> Ior a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Ior a -> Ior a #

Bits a => Semigroup (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(<>) :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Xor a) -> Xor a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Xor a -> Xor a #

Semigroup (NonEmpty a)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (NonEmpty a) -> NonEmpty a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a #

(Generic a, Semigroup (Rep a ())) => Semigroup (Generically a)

Since: base-4.17.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Semigroup p => Semigroup (Par1 p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(<>) :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Par1 p #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Par1 p) -> Par1 p #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Par1 p -> Par1 p #

Semigroup (IntMap a)

Since: containers-0.5.7

Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

(<>) :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (IntMap a) -> IntMap a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> IntMap a -> IntMap a #

Semigroup (Seq a)

Since: containers-0.5.7

Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

(<>) :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Seq a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Seq a) -> Seq a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Seq a -> Seq a #

Ord a => Semigroup (Intersection a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Semigroup (MergeSet a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Methods

(<>) :: MergeSet a -> MergeSet a -> MergeSet a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (MergeSet a) -> MergeSet a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> MergeSet a -> MergeSet a #

Ord a => Semigroup (Set a)

Since: containers-0.5.7

Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Methods

(<>) :: Set a -> Set a -> Set a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Set a) -> Set a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Set a -> Set a #

Semigroup a => Semigroup (IO a)

Since: base-4.10.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: IO a -> IO a -> IO a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (IO a) -> IO a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> IO a -> IO a #

Semigroup (Doc a) 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

(<>) :: Doc a -> Doc a -> Doc a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Doc a) -> Doc a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Doc a -> Doc a #

Semigroup (Array a)

Since: primitive-0.6.3.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

(<>) :: Array a -> Array a -> Array a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Array a) -> Array a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Array a -> Array a #

Semigroup (PrimArray a)

Since: primitive-0.6.4.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.PrimArray

Methods

(<>) :: PrimArray a -> PrimArray a -> PrimArray a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (PrimArray a) -> PrimArray a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> PrimArray a -> PrimArray a #

Semigroup (SmallArray a)

Since: primitive-0.6.3.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Semigroup (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Semigroup (TransferM t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

(<>) :: TransferM t -> TransferM t -> TransferM t #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (TransferM t) -> TransferM t #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> TransferM t -> TransferM t #

Num a => Semigroup (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

(<>) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (BYTES a) -> BYTES a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

Semigroup a => Semigroup (Q a)

Since: template-haskell-2.17.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(<>) :: Q a -> Q a -> Q a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Q a) -> Q a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Q a -> Q a #

Prim a => Semigroup (Vector a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Primitive

Methods

(<>) :: Vector a -> Vector a -> Vector a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Vector a) -> Vector a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Vector a -> Vector a #

Semigroup a => Semigroup (Maybe a)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Maybe a) -> Maybe a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

Semigroup a => Semigroup (a)

Since: base-4.15

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: (a) -> (a) -> (a) #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (a) -> (a) #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> (a) -> (a) #

Semigroup [a]

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] #

sconcat :: NonEmpty [a] -> [a] #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> [a] -> [a] #

Semigroup (Either a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

(<>) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Either a b #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Either a b) -> Either a b #

stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> Either a b -> Either a b #

Semigroup (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

(<>) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Proxy s #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Proxy s) -> Proxy s #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Proxy s -> Proxy s #

Semigroup (U1 p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(<>) :: U1 p -> U1 p -> U1 p #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (U1 p) -> U1 p #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> U1 p -> U1 p #

Semigroup (V1 p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(<>) :: V1 p -> V1 p -> V1 p #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (V1 p) -> V1 p #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> V1 p -> V1 p #

Semigroup a => Semigroup (ST s a)

Since: base-4.11.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.ST

Methods

(<>) :: ST s a -> ST s a -> ST s a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (ST s a) -> ST s a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> ST s a -> ST s a #

Ord k => Semigroup (Map k v) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

(<>) :: Map k v -> Map k v -> Map k v #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Map k v) -> Map k v #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Map k v -> Map k v #

(Semigroup a, Semigroup b) => Semigroup (a, b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> (a, b) #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (a, b) -> (a, b) #

stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> (a, b) -> (a, b) #

Semigroup b => Semigroup (a -> b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: (a -> b) -> (a -> b) -> a -> b #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (a -> b) -> a -> b #

stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> (a -> b) -> a -> b #

Semigroup a => Semigroup (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

(<>) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Const a b) -> Const a b #

stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> Const a b -> Const a b #

Semigroup (f p) => Semigroup (Rec1 f p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(<>) :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Rec1 f p) -> Rec1 f p #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p #

Semigroup a => Semigroup (Constant a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Constant

Methods

(<>) :: Constant a b -> Constant a b -> Constant a b #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Constant a b) -> Constant a b #

stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> Constant a b -> Constant a b #

(Semigroup a, Semigroup b, Semigroup c) => Semigroup (a, b, c)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) #

stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) #

(Semigroup (f p), Semigroup (g p)) => Semigroup ((f :*: g) p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(<>) :: (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p #

sconcat :: NonEmpty ((f :*: g) p) -> (f :*: g) p #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p #

Semigroup c => Semigroup (K1 i c p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(<>) :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> K1 i c p #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (K1 i c p) -> K1 i c p #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> K1 i c p -> K1 i c p #

(Semigroup a, Semigroup b, Semigroup c, Semigroup d) => Semigroup (a, b, c, d)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) #

stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) #

Semigroup (f (g p)) => Semigroup ((f :.: g) p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(<>) :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p #

sconcat :: NonEmpty ((f :.: g) p) -> (f :.: g) p #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p #

Semigroup (f p) => Semigroup (M1 i c f p)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(<>) :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (M1 i c f p) -> M1 i c f p #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p #

(Semigroup a, Semigroup b, Semigroup c, Semigroup d, Semigroup e) => Semigroup (a, b, c, d, e)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(<>) :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) #

stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) #

class Functor f => Applicative (f :: Type -> Type) where #

A functor with application, providing operations to

  • embed pure expressions (pure), and
  • sequence computations and combine their results (<*> and liftA2).

A minimal complete definition must include implementations of pure and of either <*> or liftA2. If it defines both, then they must behave the same as their default definitions:

(<*>) = liftA2 id
liftA2 f x y = f <$> x <*> y

Further, any definition must satisfy the following:

Identity
pure id <*> v = v
Composition
pure (.) <*> u <*> v <*> w = u <*> (v <*> w)
Homomorphism
pure f <*> pure x = pure (f x)
Interchange
u <*> pure y = pure ($ y) <*> u

The other methods have the following default definitions, which may be overridden with equivalent specialized implementations:

As a consequence of these laws, the Functor instance for f will satisfy

It may be useful to note that supposing

forall x y. p (q x y) = f x . g y

it follows from the above that

liftA2 p (liftA2 q u v) = liftA2 f u . liftA2 g v

If f is also a Monad, it should satisfy

(which implies that pure and <*> satisfy the applicative functor laws).

Minimal complete definition

pure, ((<*>) | liftA2)

Methods

pure :: a -> f a #

Lift a value.

(<*>) :: f (a -> b) -> f a -> f b infixl 4 #

Sequential application.

A few functors support an implementation of <*> that is more efficient than the default one.

Example

Expand

Used in combination with (<$>), (<*>) can be used to build a record.

>>> data MyState = MyState {arg1 :: Foo, arg2 :: Bar, arg3 :: Baz}
>>> produceFoo :: Applicative f => f Foo
>>> produceBar :: Applicative f => f Bar
>>> produceBaz :: Applicative f => f Baz
>>> mkState :: Applicative f => f MyState
>>> mkState = MyState <$> produceFoo <*> produceBar <*> produceBaz

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> f a -> f b -> f c #

Lift a binary function to actions.

Some functors support an implementation of liftA2 that is more efficient than the default one. In particular, if fmap is an expensive operation, it is likely better to use liftA2 than to fmap over the structure and then use <*>.

This became a typeclass method in 4.10.0.0. Prior to that, it was a function defined in terms of <*> and fmap.

Example

Expand
>>> liftA2 (,) (Just 3) (Just 5)
Just (3,5)

(*>) :: f a -> f b -> f b infixl 4 #

Sequence actions, discarding the value of the first argument.

Examples

Expand

If used in conjunction with the Applicative instance for Maybe, you can chain Maybe computations, with a possible "early return" in case of Nothing.

>>> Just 2 *> Just 3
Just 3
>>> Nothing *> Just 3
Nothing

Of course a more interesting use case would be to have effectful computations instead of just returning pure values.

>>> import Data.Char
>>> import Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP
>>> let p = string "my name is " *> munch1 isAlpha <* eof
>>> readP_to_S p "my name is Simon"
[("Simon","")]

(<*) :: f a -> f b -> f a infixl 4 #

Sequence actions, discarding the value of the second argument.

Instances

Instances details
Applicative Gen 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Gen

Methods

pure :: a -> Gen a #

(<*>) :: Gen (a -> b) -> Gen a -> Gen b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen c #

(*>) :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

(<*) :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen a #

Applicative Rose 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

pure :: a -> Rose a #

(<*>) :: Rose (a -> b) -> Rose a -> Rose b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Rose a -> Rose b -> Rose c #

(*>) :: Rose a -> Rose b -> Rose b #

(<*) :: Rose a -> Rose b -> Rose a #

Applicative ZipList
f <$> ZipList xs1 <*> ... <*> ZipList xsN
    = ZipList (zipWithN f xs1 ... xsN)

where zipWithN refers to the zipWith function of the appropriate arity (zipWith, zipWith3, zipWith4, ...). For example:

(\a b c -> stimes c [a, b]) <$> ZipList "abcd" <*> ZipList "567" <*> ZipList [1..]
    = ZipList (zipWith3 (\a b c -> stimes c [a, b]) "abcd" "567" [1..])
    = ZipList {getZipList = ["a5","b6b6","c7c7c7"]}

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

pure :: a -> ZipList a #

(<*>) :: ZipList (a -> b) -> ZipList a -> ZipList b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> ZipList a -> ZipList b -> ZipList c #

(*>) :: ZipList a -> ZipList b -> ZipList b #

(<*) :: ZipList a -> ZipList b -> ZipList a #

Applicative NonEmpty

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a -> NonEmpty a #

(<*>) :: NonEmpty (a -> b) -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty b -> NonEmpty c #

(*>) :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty b -> NonEmpty b #

(<*) :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty b -> NonEmpty a #

Applicative Par1

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

pure :: a -> Par1 a #

(<*>) :: Par1 (a -> b) -> Par1 a -> Par1 b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Par1 a -> Par1 b -> Par1 c #

(*>) :: Par1 a -> Par1 b -> Par1 b #

(<*) :: Par1 a -> Par1 b -> Par1 a #

Applicative P

Since: base-4.5.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

pure :: a -> P a #

(<*>) :: P (a -> b) -> P a -> P b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> P a -> P b -> P c #

(*>) :: P a -> P b -> P b #

(<*) :: P a -> P b -> P a #

Applicative ReadP

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

pure :: a -> ReadP a #

(<*>) :: ReadP (a -> b) -> ReadP a -> ReadP b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> ReadP a -> ReadP b -> ReadP c #

(*>) :: ReadP a -> ReadP b -> ReadP b #

(<*) :: ReadP a -> ReadP b -> ReadP a #

Applicative Seq

Since: containers-0.5.4

Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

pure :: a -> Seq a #

(<*>) :: Seq (a -> b) -> Seq a -> Seq b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Seq a -> Seq b -> Seq c #

(*>) :: Seq a -> Seq b -> Seq b #

(<*) :: Seq a -> Seq b -> Seq a #

Applicative Tree 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Tree

Methods

pure :: a -> Tree a #

(<*>) :: Tree (a -> b) -> Tree a -> Tree b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Tree a -> Tree b -> Tree c #

(*>) :: Tree a -> Tree b -> Tree b #

(<*) :: Tree a -> Tree b -> Tree a #

Applicative IO

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a -> IO a #

(<*>) :: IO (a -> b) -> IO a -> IO b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> IO a -> IO b -> IO c #

(*>) :: IO a -> IO b -> IO b #

(<*) :: IO a -> IO b -> IO a #

Applicative Array 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

pure :: a -> Array a #

(<*>) :: Array (a -> b) -> Array a -> Array b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Array a -> Array b -> Array c #

(*>) :: Array a -> Array b -> Array b #

(<*) :: Array a -> Array b -> Array a #

Applicative SmallArray 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Methods

pure :: a -> SmallArray a #

(<*>) :: SmallArray (a -> b) -> SmallArray a -> SmallArray b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> SmallArray a -> SmallArray b -> SmallArray c #

(*>) :: SmallArray a -> SmallArray b -> SmallArray b #

(<*) :: SmallArray a -> SmallArray b -> SmallArray a #

Applicative Q 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

pure :: a -> Q a #

(<*>) :: Q (a -> b) -> Q a -> Q b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Q a -> Q b -> Q c #

(*>) :: Q a -> Q b -> Q b #

(<*) :: Q a -> Q b -> Q a #

Applicative Maybe

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a -> Maybe a #

(<*>) :: Maybe (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b -> Maybe c #

(*>) :: Maybe a -> Maybe b -> Maybe b #

(<*) :: Maybe a -> Maybe b -> Maybe a #

Applicative Solo

Since: base-4.15

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a -> Solo a #

(<*>) :: Solo (a -> b) -> Solo a -> Solo b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Solo a -> Solo b -> Solo c #

(*>) :: Solo a -> Solo b -> Solo b #

(<*) :: Solo a -> Solo b -> Solo a #

Applicative List

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a -> [a] #

(<*>) :: [a -> b] -> [a] -> [b] #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c] #

(*>) :: [a] -> [b] -> [b] #

(<*) :: [a] -> [b] -> [a] #

Applicative (PropertyM m) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Monadic

Methods

pure :: a -> PropertyM m a #

(<*>) :: PropertyM m (a -> b) -> PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b -> PropertyM m c #

(*>) :: PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b -> PropertyM m b #

(<*) :: PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b -> PropertyM m a #

Monad m => Applicative (WrappedMonad m)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

pure :: a -> WrappedMonad m a #

(<*>) :: WrappedMonad m (a -> b) -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m c #

(*>) :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m b #

(<*) :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m a #

Applicative (Either e)

Since: base-3.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

pure :: a -> Either e a #

(<*>) :: Either e (a -> b) -> Either e a -> Either e b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Either e a -> Either e b -> Either e c #

(*>) :: Either e a -> Either e b -> Either e b #

(<*) :: Either e a -> Either e b -> Either e a #

Applicative (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

pure :: a -> Proxy a #

(<*>) :: Proxy (a -> b) -> Proxy a -> Proxy b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Proxy a -> Proxy b -> Proxy c #

(*>) :: Proxy a -> Proxy b -> Proxy b #

(<*) :: Proxy a -> Proxy b -> Proxy a #

Applicative (U1 :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

pure :: a -> U1 a #

(<*>) :: U1 (a -> b) -> U1 a -> U1 b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> U1 a -> U1 b -> U1 c #

(*>) :: U1 a -> U1 b -> U1 b #

(<*) :: U1 a -> U1 b -> U1 a #

Applicative (ST s)

Since: base-4.4.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.ST

Methods

pure :: a -> ST s a #

(<*>) :: ST s (a -> b) -> ST s a -> ST s b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> ST s a -> ST s b -> ST s c #

(*>) :: ST s a -> ST s b -> ST s b #

(<*) :: ST s a -> ST s b -> ST s a #

Applicative (SpecM a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Spec.Monad

Methods

pure :: a0 -> SpecM a a0 #

(<*>) :: SpecM a (a0 -> b) -> SpecM a a0 -> SpecM a b #

liftA2 :: (a0 -> b -> c) -> SpecM a a0 -> SpecM a b -> SpecM a c #

(*>) :: SpecM a a0 -> SpecM a b -> SpecM a b #

(<*) :: SpecM a a0 -> SpecM a b -> SpecM a a0 #

Monoid a => Applicative ((,) a)

For tuples, the Monoid constraint on a determines how the first values merge. For example, Strings concatenate:

("hello ", (+15)) <*> ("world!", 2002)
("hello world!",2017)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a0 -> (a, a0) #

(<*>) :: (a, a0 -> b) -> (a, a0) -> (a, b) #

liftA2 :: (a0 -> b -> c) -> (a, a0) -> (a, b) -> (a, c) #

(*>) :: (a, a0) -> (a, b) -> (a, b) #

(<*) :: (a, a0) -> (a, b) -> (a, a0) #

Arrow a => Applicative (WrappedArrow a b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

pure :: a0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 #

(<*>) :: WrappedArrow a b (a0 -> b0) -> WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 #

liftA2 :: (a0 -> b0 -> c) -> WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 -> WrappedArrow a b c #

(*>) :: WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 #

(<*) :: WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 #

Monoid m => Applicative (Const m :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

pure :: a -> Const m a #

(<*>) :: Const m (a -> b) -> Const m a -> Const m b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Const m a -> Const m b -> Const m c #

(*>) :: Const m a -> Const m b -> Const m b #

(<*) :: Const m a -> Const m b -> Const m a #

(Generic1 f, Applicative (Rep1 f)) => Applicative (Generically1 f)

Since: base-4.17.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

pure :: a -> Generically1 f a #

(<*>) :: Generically1 f (a -> b) -> Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f b -> Generically1 f c #

(*>) :: Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f b -> Generically1 f b #

(<*) :: Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f b -> Generically1 f a #

Applicative f => Applicative (Rec1 f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

pure :: a -> Rec1 f a #

(<*>) :: Rec1 f (a -> b) -> Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f b -> Rec1 f c #

(*>) :: Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f b -> Rec1 f b #

(<*) :: Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f b -> Rec1 f a #

(Applicative f, Monad f) => Applicative (WhenMissing f x)

Equivalent to ReaderT k (ReaderT x (MaybeT f)).

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

pure :: a -> WhenMissing f x a #

(<*>) :: WhenMissing f x (a -> b) -> WhenMissing f x a -> WhenMissing f x b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> WhenMissing f x a -> WhenMissing f x b -> WhenMissing f x c #

(*>) :: WhenMissing f x a -> WhenMissing f x b -> WhenMissing f x b #

(<*) :: WhenMissing f x a -> WhenMissing f x b -> WhenMissing f x a #

Monoid a => Applicative (Constant a :: Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Constant

Methods

pure :: a0 -> Constant a a0 #

(<*>) :: Constant a (a0 -> b) -> Constant a a0 -> Constant a b #

liftA2 :: (a0 -> b -> c) -> Constant a a0 -> Constant a b -> Constant a c #

(*>) :: Constant a a0 -> Constant a b -> Constant a b #

(<*) :: Constant a a0 -> Constant a b -> Constant a a0 #

(Monoid a, Monoid b) => Applicative ((,,) a b)

Since: base-4.14.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a0 -> (a, b, a0) #

(<*>) :: (a, b, a0 -> b0) -> (a, b, a0) -> (a, b, b0) #

liftA2 :: (a0 -> b0 -> c) -> (a, b, a0) -> (a, b, b0) -> (a, b, c) #

(*>) :: (a, b, a0) -> (a, b, b0) -> (a, b, b0) #

(<*) :: (a, b, a0) -> (a, b, b0) -> (a, b, a0) #

(Applicative f, Applicative g) => Applicative (f :*: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

pure :: a -> (f :*: g) a #

(<*>) :: (f :*: g) (a -> b) -> (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) b -> (f :*: g) c #

(*>) :: (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) b -> (f :*: g) b #

(<*) :: (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) b -> (f :*: g) a #

Monoid c => Applicative (K1 i c :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

pure :: a -> K1 i c a #

(<*>) :: K1 i c (a -> b) -> K1 i c a -> K1 i c b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c0) -> K1 i c a -> K1 i c b -> K1 i c c0 #

(*>) :: K1 i c a -> K1 i c b -> K1 i c b #

(<*) :: K1 i c a -> K1 i c b -> K1 i c a #

(Monad f, Applicative f) => Applicative (WhenMatched f x y)

Equivalent to ReaderT Key (ReaderT x (ReaderT y (MaybeT f)))

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

pure :: a -> WhenMatched f x y a #

(<*>) :: WhenMatched f x y (a -> b) -> WhenMatched f x y a -> WhenMatched f x y b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> WhenMatched f x y a -> WhenMatched f x y b -> WhenMatched f x y c #

(*>) :: WhenMatched f x y a -> WhenMatched f x y b -> WhenMatched f x y b #

(<*) :: WhenMatched f x y a -> WhenMatched f x y b -> WhenMatched f x y a #

(Applicative f, Monad f) => Applicative (WhenMissing f k x)

Equivalent to ReaderT k (ReaderT x (MaybeT f)) .

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

pure :: a -> WhenMissing f k x a #

(<*>) :: WhenMissing f k x (a -> b) -> WhenMissing f k x a -> WhenMissing f k x b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> WhenMissing f k x a -> WhenMissing f k x b -> WhenMissing f k x c #

(*>) :: WhenMissing f k x a -> WhenMissing f k x b -> WhenMissing f k x b #

(<*) :: WhenMissing f k x a -> WhenMissing f k x b -> WhenMissing f k x a #

(Monoid a, Monoid b, Monoid c) => Applicative ((,,,) a b c)

Since: base-4.14.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a0 -> (a, b, c, a0) #

(<*>) :: (a, b, c, a0 -> b0) -> (a, b, c, a0) -> (a, b, c, b0) #

liftA2 :: (a0 -> b0 -> c0) -> (a, b, c, a0) -> (a, b, c, b0) -> (a, b, c, c0) #

(*>) :: (a, b, c, a0) -> (a, b, c, b0) -> (a, b, c, b0) #

(<*) :: (a, b, c, a0) -> (a, b, c, b0) -> (a, b, c, a0) #

Applicative ((->) r)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

pure :: a -> r -> a #

(<*>) :: (r -> (a -> b)) -> (r -> a) -> r -> b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> (r -> a) -> (r -> b) -> r -> c #

(*>) :: (r -> a) -> (r -> b) -> r -> b #

(<*) :: (r -> a) -> (r -> b) -> r -> a #

(Applicative f, Applicative g) => Applicative (f :.: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

pure :: a -> (f :.: g) a #

(<*>) :: (f :.: g) (a -> b) -> (f :.: g) a -> (f :.: g) b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> (f :.: g) a -> (f :.: g) b -> (f :.: g) c #

(*>) :: (f :.: g) a -> (f :.: g) b -> (f :.: g) b #

(<*) :: (f :.: g) a -> (f :.: g) b -> (f :.: g) a #

Applicative f => Applicative (M1 i c f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

pure :: a -> M1 i c f a #

(<*>) :: M1 i c f (a -> b) -> M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c0) -> M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f b -> M1 i c f c0 #

(*>) :: M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f b -> M1 i c f b #

(<*) :: M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f b -> M1 i c f a #

(Monad f, Applicative f) => Applicative (WhenMatched f k x y)

Equivalent to ReaderT k (ReaderT x (ReaderT y (MaybeT f)))

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

pure :: a -> WhenMatched f k x y a #

(<*>) :: WhenMatched f k x y (a -> b) -> WhenMatched f k x y a -> WhenMatched f k x y b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> WhenMatched f k x y a -> WhenMatched f k x y b -> WhenMatched f k x y c #

(*>) :: WhenMatched f k x y a -> WhenMatched f k x y b -> WhenMatched f k x y b #

(<*) :: WhenMatched f k x y a -> WhenMatched f k x y b -> WhenMatched f k x y a #

class Functor (f :: Type -> Type) where #

A type f is a Functor if it provides a function fmap which, given any types a and b lets you apply any function from (a -> b) to turn an f a into an f b, preserving the structure of f. Furthermore f needs to adhere to the following:

Identity
fmap id == id
Composition
fmap (f . g) == fmap f . fmap g

Note, that the second law follows from the free theorem of the type fmap and the first law, so you need only check that the former condition holds. See https://www.schoolofhaskell.com/user/edwardk/snippets/fmap or https://github.com/quchen/articles/blob/master/second_functor_law.md for an explanation.

Minimal complete definition

fmap

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> f a -> f b #

fmap is used to apply a function of type (a -> b) to a value of type f a, where f is a functor, to produce a value of type f b. Note that for any type constructor with more than one parameter (e.g., Either), only the last type parameter can be modified with fmap (e.g., b in `Either a b`).

Some type constructors with two parameters or more have a Bifunctor instance that allows both the last and the penultimate parameters to be mapped over.

Examples

Expand

Convert from a Maybe Int to a Maybe String using show:

>>> fmap show Nothing
Nothing
>>> fmap show (Just 3)
Just "3"

Convert from an Either Int Int to an Either Int String using show:

>>> fmap show (Left 17)
Left 17
>>> fmap show (Right 17)
Right "17"

Double each element of a list:

>>> fmap (*2) [1,2,3]
[2,4,6]

Apply even to the second element of a pair:

>>> fmap even (2,2)
(2,True)

It may seem surprising that the function is only applied to the last element of the tuple compared to the list example above which applies it to every element in the list. To understand, remember that tuples are type constructors with multiple type parameters: a tuple of 3 elements (a,b,c) can also be written (,,) a b c and its Functor instance is defined for Functor ((,,) a b) (i.e., only the third parameter is free to be mapped over with fmap).

It explains why fmap can be used with tuples containing values of different types as in the following example:

>>> fmap even ("hello", 1.0, 4)
("hello",1.0,True)

(<$) :: a -> f b -> f a infixl 4 #

Replace all locations in the input with the same value. The default definition is fmap . const, but this may be overridden with a more efficient version.

Examples

Expand

Perform a computation with Maybe and replace the result with a constant value if it is Just:

>>> 'a' <$ Just 2
Just 'a'
>>> 'a' <$ Nothing
Nothing

Instances

Instances details
Functor Gen 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Gen

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Gen a -> Gen b #

(<$) :: a -> Gen b -> Gen a #

Functor Blind 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Blind a -> Blind b #

(<$) :: a -> Blind b -> Blind a #

Functor Fixed 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Fixed a -> Fixed b #

(<$) :: a -> Fixed b -> Fixed a #

Functor Large 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Large a -> Large b #

(<$) :: a -> Large b -> Large a #

Functor Negative 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Negative a -> Negative b #

(<$) :: a -> Negative b -> Negative a #

Functor NonEmptyList 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> NonEmptyList a -> NonEmptyList b #

(<$) :: a -> NonEmptyList b -> NonEmptyList a #

Functor NonNegative 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> NonNegative a -> NonNegative b #

(<$) :: a -> NonNegative b -> NonNegative a #

Functor NonPositive 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> NonPositive a -> NonPositive b #

(<$) :: a -> NonPositive b -> NonPositive a #

Functor NonZero 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> NonZero a -> NonZero b #

(<$) :: a -> NonZero b -> NonZero a #

Functor OrderedList 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> OrderedList a -> OrderedList b #

(<$) :: a -> OrderedList b -> OrderedList a #

Functor Positive 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Positive a -> Positive b #

(<$) :: a -> Positive b -> Positive a #

Functor Shrink2 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 b #

(<$) :: a -> Shrink2 b -> Shrink2 a #

Functor Small 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Small a -> Small b #

(<$) :: a -> Small b -> Small a #

Functor Smart 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Smart a -> Smart b #

(<$) :: a -> Smart b -> Smart a #

Functor SortedList 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> SortedList a -> SortedList b #

(<$) :: a -> SortedList b -> SortedList a #

Functor Rose 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Rose a -> Rose b #

(<$) :: a -> Rose b -> Rose a #

Functor ZipList

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> ZipList a -> ZipList b #

(<$) :: a -> ZipList b -> ZipList a #

Functor NonEmpty

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty b #

(<$) :: a -> NonEmpty b -> NonEmpty a #

Functor Par1

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Par1 a -> Par1 b #

(<$) :: a -> Par1 b -> Par1 a #

Functor P

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> P a -> P b #

(<$) :: a -> P b -> P a #

Functor ReadP

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> ReadP a -> ReadP b #

(<$) :: a -> ReadP b -> ReadP a #

Functor IntMap 
Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> IntMap a -> IntMap b #

(<$) :: a -> IntMap b -> IntMap a #

Functor Digit 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Digit a -> Digit b #

(<$) :: a -> Digit b -> Digit a #

Functor Elem 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Elem a -> Elem b #

(<$) :: a -> Elem b -> Elem a #

Functor FingerTree 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> FingerTree a -> FingerTree b #

(<$) :: a -> FingerTree b -> FingerTree a #

Functor Node 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Node a -> Node b #

(<$) :: a -> Node b -> Node a #

Functor Seq 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Seq a -> Seq b #

(<$) :: a -> Seq b -> Seq a #

Functor ViewL 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> ViewL a -> ViewL b #

(<$) :: a -> ViewL b -> ViewL a #

Functor ViewR 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> ViewR a -> ViewR b #

(<$) :: a -> ViewR b -> ViewR a #

Functor Tree 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Tree

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Tree a -> Tree b #

(<$) :: a -> Tree b -> Tree a #

Functor IO

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> IO a -> IO b #

(<$) :: a -> IO b -> IO a #

Functor AnnotDetails 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> AnnotDetails a -> AnnotDetails b #

(<$) :: a -> AnnotDetails b -> AnnotDetails a #

Functor Doc 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Doc a -> Doc b #

(<$) :: a -> Doc b -> Doc a #

Functor Span 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Span a -> Span b #

(<$) :: a -> Span b -> Span a #

Functor Array 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Array a -> Array b #

(<$) :: a -> Array b -> Array a #

Functor SmallArray 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> SmallArray a -> SmallArray b #

(<$) :: a -> SmallArray b -> SmallArray a #

Functor FillResult 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> FillResult a -> FillResult b #

(<$) :: a -> FillResult b -> FillResult a #

Functor Dest 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Copying

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Dest a -> Dest b #

(<$) :: a -> Dest b -> Dest a #

Functor Src 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Copying

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Src a -> Src b #

(<$) :: a -> Src b -> Src a #

Functor BE 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> BE a -> BE b #

(<$) :: a -> BE b -> BE a #

Functor LE 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> LE a -> LE b #

(<$) :: a -> LE b -> LE a #

Functor BYTES 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> BYTES a -> BYTES b #

(<$) :: a -> BYTES b -> BYTES a #

Functor Q 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Q a -> Q b #

(<$) :: a -> Q b -> Q a #

Functor TyVarBndr 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> TyVarBndr a -> TyVarBndr b #

(<$) :: a -> TyVarBndr b -> TyVarBndr a #

Functor Maybe

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> Maybe b #

(<$) :: a -> Maybe b -> Maybe a #

Functor Solo

Since: base-4.15

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Solo a -> Solo b #

(<$) :: a -> Solo b -> Solo a #

Functor List

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b] #

(<$) :: a -> [b] -> [a] #

Functor ((:->) a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> (a :-> a0) -> a :-> b #

(<$) :: a0 -> (a :-> b) -> a :-> a0 #

Functor (Fun a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> Fun a a0 -> Fun a b #

(<$) :: a0 -> Fun a b -> Fun a a0 #

Functor (Shrinking s) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Shrinking s a -> Shrinking s b #

(<$) :: a -> Shrinking s b -> Shrinking s a #

Functor (PropertyM m) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Monadic

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b #

(<$) :: a -> PropertyM m b -> PropertyM m a #

Monad m => Functor (WrappedMonad m)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b #

(<$) :: a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m a #

Functor (Either a)

Since: base-3.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> Either a a0 -> Either a b #

(<$) :: a0 -> Either a b -> Either a a0 #

Functor (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Proxy a -> Proxy b #

(<$) :: a -> Proxy b -> Proxy a #

Functor (U1 :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> U1 a -> U1 b #

(<$) :: a -> U1 b -> U1 a #

Functor (V1 :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> V1 a -> V1 b #

(<$) :: a -> V1 b -> V1 a #

Functor (ST s)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.ST

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> ST s a -> ST s b #

(<$) :: a -> ST s b -> ST s a #

Functor (Map k) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Map k a -> Map k b #

(<$) :: a -> Map k b -> Map k a #

Functor (SpecM a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Spec.Monad

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> SpecM a a0 -> SpecM a b #

(<$) :: a0 -> SpecM a b -> SpecM a a0 #

Functor ((,) a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> (a, a0) -> (a, b) #

(<$) :: a0 -> (a, b) -> (a, a0) #

Arrow a => Functor (WrappedArrow a b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b0) -> WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 #

(<$) :: a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 #

Functor (Const m :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Const m a -> Const m b #

(<$) :: a -> Const m b -> Const m a #

(Generic1 f, Functor (Rep1 f)) => Functor (Generically1 f)

Since: base-4.17.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f b #

(<$) :: a -> Generically1 f b -> Generically1 f a #

Functor f => Functor (Rec1 f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f b #

(<$) :: a -> Rec1 f b -> Rec1 f a #

Functor (URec (Ptr ()) :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> URec (Ptr ()) b #

(<$) :: a -> URec (Ptr ()) b -> URec (Ptr ()) a #

Functor (URec Char :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Char a -> URec Char b #

(<$) :: a -> URec Char b -> URec Char a #

Functor (URec Double :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Double a -> URec Double b #

(<$) :: a -> URec Double b -> URec Double a #

Functor (URec Float :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Float a -> URec Float b #

(<$) :: a -> URec Float b -> URec Float a #

Functor (URec Int :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Int a -> URec Int b #

(<$) :: a -> URec Int b -> URec Int a #

Functor (URec Word :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Word a -> URec Word b #

(<$) :: a -> URec Word b -> URec Word a #

(Applicative f, Monad f) => Functor (WhenMissing f x)

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> WhenMissing f x a -> WhenMissing f x b #

(<$) :: a -> WhenMissing f x b -> WhenMissing f x a #

Functor (Constant a :: Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Constant

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> Constant a a0 -> Constant a b #

(<$) :: a0 -> Constant a b -> Constant a a0 #

Functor ((,,) a b)

Since: base-4.14.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b0) -> (a, b, a0) -> (a, b, b0) #

(<$) :: a0 -> (a, b, b0) -> (a, b, a0) #

(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (f :*: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) b #

(<$) :: a -> (f :*: g) b -> (f :*: g) a #

(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (f :+: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> (f :+: g) a -> (f :+: g) b #

(<$) :: a -> (f :+: g) b -> (f :+: g) a #

Functor (K1 i c :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> K1 i c a -> K1 i c b #

(<$) :: a -> K1 i c b -> K1 i c a #

Functor f => Functor (WhenMatched f x y)

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> WhenMatched f x y a -> WhenMatched f x y b #

(<$) :: a -> WhenMatched f x y b -> WhenMatched f x y a #

(Applicative f, Monad f) => Functor (WhenMissing f k x)

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> WhenMissing f k x a -> WhenMissing f k x b #

(<$) :: a -> WhenMissing f k x b -> WhenMissing f k x a #

Functor ((,,,) a b c)

Since: base-4.14.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b0) -> (a, b, c, a0) -> (a, b, c, b0) #

(<$) :: a0 -> (a, b, c, b0) -> (a, b, c, a0) #

Functor ((->) r)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> (r -> a) -> r -> b #

(<$) :: a -> (r -> b) -> r -> a #

(Functor f, Functor g) => Functor (f :.: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> (f :.: g) a -> (f :.: g) b #

(<$) :: a -> (f :.: g) b -> (f :.: g) a #

Functor f => Functor (M1 i c f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f b #

(<$) :: a -> M1 i c f b -> M1 i c f a #

Functor f => Functor (WhenMatched f k x y)

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> WhenMatched f k x y a -> WhenMatched f k x y b #

(<$) :: a -> WhenMatched f k x y b -> WhenMatched f k x y a #

Functor ((,,,,) a b c d)

Since: base-4.18.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b0) -> (a, b, c, d, a0) -> (a, b, c, d, b0) #

(<$) :: a0 -> (a, b, c, d, b0) -> (a, b, c, d, a0) #

Functor ((,,,,,) a b c d e)

Since: base-4.18.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, a0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, b0) #

(<$) :: a0 -> (a, b, c, d, e, b0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, a0) #

Functor ((,,,,,,) a b c d e f)

Since: base-4.18.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, a0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, b0) #

(<$) :: a0 -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, b0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, a0) #

class Applicative m => Monad (m :: Type -> Type) where #

The Monad class defines the basic operations over a monad, a concept from a branch of mathematics known as category theory. From the perspective of a Haskell programmer, however, it is best to think of a monad as an abstract datatype of actions. Haskell's do expressions provide a convenient syntax for writing monadic expressions.

Instances of Monad should satisfy the following:

Left identity
return a >>= k = k a
Right identity
m >>= return = m
Associativity
m >>= (\x -> k x >>= h) = (m >>= k) >>= h

Furthermore, the Monad and Applicative operations should relate as follows:

The above laws imply:

and that pure and (<*>) satisfy the applicative functor laws.

The instances of Monad for lists, Maybe and IO defined in the Prelude satisfy these laws.

Minimal complete definition

(>>=)

Methods

(>>=) :: m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b infixl 1 #

Sequentially compose two actions, passing any value produced by the first as an argument to the second.

'as >>= bs' can be understood as the do expression

do a <- as
   bs a

(>>) :: m a -> m b -> m b infixl 1 #

Sequentially compose two actions, discarding any value produced by the first, like sequencing operators (such as the semicolon) in imperative languages.

'as >> bs' can be understood as the do expression

do as
   bs

return :: a -> m a #

Inject a value into the monadic type.

Instances

Instances details
Monad Gen 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Gen

Methods

(>>=) :: Gen a -> (a -> Gen b) -> Gen b #

(>>) :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

return :: a -> Gen a #

Monad Rose 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

(>>=) :: Rose a -> (a -> Rose b) -> Rose b #

(>>) :: Rose a -> Rose b -> Rose b #

return :: a -> Rose a #

Monad NonEmpty

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: NonEmpty a -> (a -> NonEmpty b) -> NonEmpty b #

(>>) :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty b -> NonEmpty b #

return :: a -> NonEmpty a #

Monad Par1

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(>>=) :: Par1 a -> (a -> Par1 b) -> Par1 b #

(>>) :: Par1 a -> Par1 b -> Par1 b #

return :: a -> Par1 a #

Monad P

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

(>>=) :: P a -> (a -> P b) -> P b #

(>>) :: P a -> P b -> P b #

return :: a -> P a #

Monad ReadP

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

(>>=) :: ReadP a -> (a -> ReadP b) -> ReadP b #

(>>) :: ReadP a -> ReadP b -> ReadP b #

return :: a -> ReadP a #

Monad Seq 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

(>>=) :: Seq a -> (a -> Seq b) -> Seq b #

(>>) :: Seq a -> Seq b -> Seq b #

return :: a -> Seq a #

Monad Tree 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Tree

Methods

(>>=) :: Tree a -> (a -> Tree b) -> Tree b #

(>>) :: Tree a -> Tree b -> Tree b #

return :: a -> Tree a #

Monad IO

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: IO a -> (a -> IO b) -> IO b #

(>>) :: IO a -> IO b -> IO b #

return :: a -> IO a #

Monad Array 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

(>>=) :: Array a -> (a -> Array b) -> Array b #

(>>) :: Array a -> Array b -> Array b #

return :: a -> Array a #

Monad SmallArray 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Methods

(>>=) :: SmallArray a -> (a -> SmallArray b) -> SmallArray b #

(>>) :: SmallArray a -> SmallArray b -> SmallArray b #

return :: a -> SmallArray a #

Monad Q 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(>>=) :: Q a -> (a -> Q b) -> Q b #

(>>) :: Q a -> Q b -> Q b #

return :: a -> Q a #

Monad Maybe

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: Maybe a -> (a -> Maybe b) -> Maybe b #

(>>) :: Maybe a -> Maybe b -> Maybe b #

return :: a -> Maybe a #

Monad Solo

Since: base-4.15

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: Solo a -> (a -> Solo b) -> Solo b #

(>>) :: Solo a -> Solo b -> Solo b #

return :: a -> Solo a #

Monad List

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: [a] -> (a -> [b]) -> [b] #

(>>) :: [a] -> [b] -> [b] #

return :: a -> [a] #

Monad m => Monad (PropertyM m) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Monadic

Methods

(>>=) :: PropertyM m a -> (a -> PropertyM m b) -> PropertyM m b #

(>>) :: PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b -> PropertyM m b #

return :: a -> PropertyM m a #

Monad m => Monad (WrappedMonad m)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

(>>=) :: WrappedMonad m a -> (a -> WrappedMonad m b) -> WrappedMonad m b #

(>>) :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m b #

return :: a -> WrappedMonad m a #

Monad (Either e)

Since: base-4.4.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

(>>=) :: Either e a -> (a -> Either e b) -> Either e b #

(>>) :: Either e a -> Either e b -> Either e b #

return :: a -> Either e a #

Monad (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

(>>=) :: Proxy a -> (a -> Proxy b) -> Proxy b #

(>>) :: Proxy a -> Proxy b -> Proxy b #

return :: a -> Proxy a #

Monad (U1 :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(>>=) :: U1 a -> (a -> U1 b) -> U1 b #

(>>) :: U1 a -> U1 b -> U1 b #

return :: a -> U1 a #

Monad (ST s)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.ST

Methods

(>>=) :: ST s a -> (a -> ST s b) -> ST s b #

(>>) :: ST s a -> ST s b -> ST s b #

return :: a -> ST s a #

Monad (SpecM a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Spec.Monad

Methods

(>>=) :: SpecM a a0 -> (a0 -> SpecM a b) -> SpecM a b #

(>>) :: SpecM a a0 -> SpecM a b -> SpecM a b #

return :: a0 -> SpecM a a0 #

Monoid a => Monad ((,) a)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: (a, a0) -> (a0 -> (a, b)) -> (a, b) #

(>>) :: (a, a0) -> (a, b) -> (a, b) #

return :: a0 -> (a, a0) #

Monad f => Monad (Rec1 f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(>>=) :: Rec1 f a -> (a -> Rec1 f b) -> Rec1 f b #

(>>) :: Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f b -> Rec1 f b #

return :: a -> Rec1 f a #

(Applicative f, Monad f) => Monad (WhenMissing f x)

Equivalent to ReaderT k (ReaderT x (MaybeT f)).

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

(>>=) :: WhenMissing f x a -> (a -> WhenMissing f x b) -> WhenMissing f x b #

(>>) :: WhenMissing f x a -> WhenMissing f x b -> WhenMissing f x b #

return :: a -> WhenMissing f x a #

(Monoid a, Monoid b) => Monad ((,,) a b)

Since: base-4.14.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: (a, b, a0) -> (a0 -> (a, b, b0)) -> (a, b, b0) #

(>>) :: (a, b, a0) -> (a, b, b0) -> (a, b, b0) #

return :: a0 -> (a, b, a0) #

(Monad f, Monad g) => Monad (f :*: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(>>=) :: (f :*: g) a -> (a -> (f :*: g) b) -> (f :*: g) b #

(>>) :: (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) b -> (f :*: g) b #

return :: a -> (f :*: g) a #

(Monad f, Applicative f) => Monad (WhenMatched f x y)

Equivalent to ReaderT Key (ReaderT x (ReaderT y (MaybeT f)))

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

(>>=) :: WhenMatched f x y a -> (a -> WhenMatched f x y b) -> WhenMatched f x y b #

(>>) :: WhenMatched f x y a -> WhenMatched f x y b -> WhenMatched f x y b #

return :: a -> WhenMatched f x y a #

(Applicative f, Monad f) => Monad (WhenMissing f k x)

Equivalent to ReaderT k (ReaderT x (MaybeT f)) .

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

(>>=) :: WhenMissing f k x a -> (a -> WhenMissing f k x b) -> WhenMissing f k x b #

(>>) :: WhenMissing f k x a -> WhenMissing f k x b -> WhenMissing f k x b #

return :: a -> WhenMissing f k x a #

(Monoid a, Monoid b, Monoid c) => Monad ((,,,) a b c)

Since: base-4.14.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: (a, b, c, a0) -> (a0 -> (a, b, c, b0)) -> (a, b, c, b0) #

(>>) :: (a, b, c, a0) -> (a, b, c, b0) -> (a, b, c, b0) #

return :: a0 -> (a, b, c, a0) #

Monad ((->) r)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(>>=) :: (r -> a) -> (a -> r -> b) -> r -> b #

(>>) :: (r -> a) -> (r -> b) -> r -> b #

return :: a -> r -> a #

Monad f => Monad (M1 i c f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(>>=) :: M1 i c f a -> (a -> M1 i c f b) -> M1 i c f b #

(>>) :: M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f b -> M1 i c f b #

return :: a -> M1 i c f a #

(Monad f, Applicative f) => Monad (WhenMatched f k x y)

Equivalent to ReaderT k (ReaderT x (ReaderT y (MaybeT f)))

Since: containers-0.5.9

Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

(>>=) :: WhenMatched f k x y a -> (a -> WhenMatched f k x y b) -> WhenMatched f k x y b #

(>>) :: WhenMatched f k x y a -> WhenMatched f k x y b -> WhenMatched f k x y b #

return :: a -> WhenMatched f k x y a #

data Fun a b #

Generation of random shrinkable, showable functions.

To generate random values of type Fun a b, you must have an instance Function a.

See also applyFun, and Fn with GHC >= 7.8.

Constructors

Fun (a :-> b, b, Shrunk) (a -> b) 

Instances

Instances details
Functor (Fun a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> Fun a a0 -> Fun a b #

(<$) :: a0 -> Fun a b -> Fun a a0 #

(Function a, CoArbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Arbitrary (Fun a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Fun a b) #

shrink :: Fun a b -> [Fun a b] #

(Show a, Show b) => Show (Fun a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Fun a b -> ShowS #

show :: Fun a b -> String #

showList :: [Fun a b] -> ShowS #

data Gen a #

A generator for values of type a.

The third-party packages QuickCheck-GenT and quickcheck-transformer provide monad transformer versions of Gen.

Instances

Instances details
MonadFix Gen 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Gen

Methods

mfix :: (a -> Gen a) -> Gen a #

Applicative Gen 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Gen

Methods

pure :: a -> Gen a #

(<*>) :: Gen (a -> b) -> Gen a -> Gen b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen c #

(*>) :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

(<*) :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen a #

Functor Gen 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Gen

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Gen a -> Gen b #

(<$) :: a -> Gen b -> Gen a #

Monad Gen 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Gen

Methods

(>>=) :: Gen a -> (a -> Gen b) -> Gen b #

(>>) :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

return :: a -> Gen a #

Testable prop => Testable (Gen prop) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Gen prop -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Gen prop) -> Property #

class CoArbitrary a where #

Used for random generation of functions. You should consider using Fun instead, which can show the generated functions as strings.

If you are using a recent GHC, there is a default definition of coarbitrary using genericCoarbitrary, so if your type has a Generic instance it's enough to say

instance CoArbitrary MyType

You should only use genericCoarbitrary for data types where equality is structural, i.e. if you can't have two different representations of the same value. An example where it's not safe is sets implemented using binary search trees: the same set can be represented as several different trees. Here you would have to explicitly define coarbitrary s = coarbitrary (toList s).

Minimal complete definition

Nothing

Methods

coarbitrary :: a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Used to generate a function of type a -> b. The first argument is a value, the second a generator. You should use variant to perturb the random generator; the goal is that different values for the first argument will lead to different calls to variant. An example will help:

instance CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary [a] where
  coarbitrary []     = variant 0
  coarbitrary (x:xs) = variant 1 . coarbitrary (x,xs)

Instances

Instances details
CoArbitrary All 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: All -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Any 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Any -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Version 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Version -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Newline 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Newline -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary NewlineMode 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: NewlineMode -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Int16 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Int16 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Int32 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Int32 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Int64 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Int64 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Int8 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Int8 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Word16 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Word32 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Word64 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Word8 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary IntSet 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: IntSet -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Ordering -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Integer 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Integer -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary () 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: () -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Bool -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Char 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Char -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Double 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Double -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Float 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Float -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Int 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Int -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary Word 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Word -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (ZipList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: ZipList a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Complex a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Complex a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Identity a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Identity a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (First a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: First a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Last a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Last a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Dual a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Dual a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

(Arbitrary a, CoArbitrary a) => CoArbitrary (Endo a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Endo a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Product a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Product a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Sum a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Sum a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

(Integral a, CoArbitrary a) => CoArbitrary (Ratio a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Ratio a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (IntMap a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: IntMap a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Seq a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Seq a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Set a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Set a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Tree a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Tree a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Maybe a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Maybe a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary [a] 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: [a] -> Gen b -> Gen b #

(CoArbitrary a, CoArbitrary b) => CoArbitrary (Either a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Either a b -> Gen b0 -> Gen b0 #

HasResolution a => CoArbitrary (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Fixed a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

(CoArbitrary k, CoArbitrary v) => CoArbitrary (Map k v) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Map k v -> Gen b -> Gen b #

(CoArbitrary a, CoArbitrary b) => CoArbitrary (a, b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: (a, b) -> Gen b0 -> Gen b0 #

(Arbitrary a, CoArbitrary b) => CoArbitrary (a -> b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: (a -> b) -> Gen b0 -> Gen b0 #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Const a b -> Gen b0 -> Gen b0 #

CoArbitrary (f a) => CoArbitrary (Alt f a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Alt f a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Constant a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Constant a b -> Gen b0 -> Gen b0 #

(CoArbitrary a, CoArbitrary b, CoArbitrary c) => CoArbitrary (a, b, c) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: (a, b, c) -> Gen b0 -> Gen b0 #

(CoArbitrary a, CoArbitrary b, CoArbitrary c, CoArbitrary d) => CoArbitrary (a, b, c, d) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: (a, b, c, d) -> Gen b0 -> Gen b0 #

(CoArbitrary a, CoArbitrary b, CoArbitrary c, CoArbitrary d, CoArbitrary e) => CoArbitrary (a, b, c, d, e) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> Gen b0 -> Gen b0 #

class Arbitrary2 (f :: Type -> Type -> Type) where #

Lifting of the Arbitrary class to binary type constructors.

Minimal complete definition

liftArbitrary2

Methods

liftArbitrary2 :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen (f a b) #

liftShrink2 :: (a -> [a]) -> (b -> [b]) -> f a b -> [f a b] #

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary2 Either 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary2 :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen (Either a b) #

liftShrink2 :: (a -> [a]) -> (b -> [b]) -> Either a b -> [Either a b] #

Arbitrary2 (,) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary2 :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen (a, b) #

liftShrink2 :: (a -> [a]) -> (b -> [b]) -> (a, b) -> [(a, b)] #

Arbitrary2 (Const :: Type -> Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary2 :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen (Const a b) #

liftShrink2 :: (a -> [a]) -> (b -> [b]) -> Const a b -> [Const a b] #

Arbitrary2 (Constant :: Type -> Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary2 :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen (Constant a b) #

liftShrink2 :: (a -> [a]) -> (b -> [b]) -> Constant a b -> [Constant a b] #

class Arbitrary1 (f :: Type -> Type) where #

Lifting of the Arbitrary class to unary type constructors.

Minimal complete definition

liftArbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (f a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> f a -> [f a] #

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary1 ZipList 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (ZipList a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> ZipList a -> [ZipList a] #

Arbitrary1 Identity 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (Identity a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> Identity a -> [Identity a] #

Arbitrary1 IntMap

WARNING: The same warning as for Arbitrary (Set a) applies here.

Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (IntMap a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> IntMap a -> [IntMap a] #

Arbitrary1 Seq 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (Seq a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> Seq a -> [Seq a] #

Arbitrary1 Tree 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (Tree a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> Tree a -> [Tree a] #

Arbitrary1 Maybe 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (Maybe a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> Maybe a -> [Maybe a] #

Arbitrary1 List 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen [a] #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> [a] -> [[a]] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary1 (Either a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a0 -> Gen (Either a a0) #

liftShrink :: (a0 -> [a0]) -> Either a a0 -> [Either a a0] #

(Ord k, Arbitrary k) => Arbitrary1 (Map k) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (Map k a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> Map k a -> [Map k a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary1 ((,) a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a0 -> Gen (a, a0) #

liftShrink :: (a0 -> [a0]) -> (a, a0) -> [(a, a0)] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary1 (Const a :: Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a0 -> Gen (Const a a0) #

liftShrink :: (a0 -> [a0]) -> Const a a0 -> [Const a a0] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary1 (Constant a :: Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a0 -> Gen (Constant a a0) #

liftShrink :: (a0 -> [a0]) -> Constant a a0 -> [Constant a a0] #

(Arbitrary1 f, Arbitrary1 g) => Arbitrary1 (Product f g) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (Product f g a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> Product f g a -> [Product f g a] #

CoArbitrary a => Arbitrary1 ((->) a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a0 -> Gen (a -> a0) #

liftShrink :: (a0 -> [a0]) -> (a -> a0) -> [a -> a0] #

(Arbitrary1 f, Arbitrary1 g) => Arbitrary1 (Compose f g) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (Compose f g a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> Compose f g a -> [Compose f g a] #

class Arbitrary a where #

Random generation and shrinking of values.

QuickCheck provides Arbitrary instances for most types in base, except those which incur extra dependencies. For a wider range of Arbitrary instances see the quickcheck-instances package.

Minimal complete definition

arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen a #

A generator for values of the given type.

It is worth spending time thinking about what sort of test data you want - good generators are often the difference between finding bugs and not finding them. You can use sample, label and classify to check the quality of your test data.

There is no generic arbitrary implementation included because we don't know how to make a high-quality one. If you want one, consider using the testing-feat or generic-random packages.

The QuickCheck manual goes into detail on how to write good generators. Make sure to look at it, especially if your type is recursive!

shrink :: a -> [a] #

Produces a (possibly) empty list of all the possible immediate shrinks of the given value.

The default implementation returns the empty list, so will not try to shrink the value. If your data type has no special invariants, you can enable shrinking by defining shrink = genericShrink, but by customising the behaviour of shrink you can often get simpler counterexamples.

Most implementations of shrink should try at least three things:

  1. Shrink a term to any of its immediate subterms. You can use subterms to do this.
  2. Recursively apply shrink to all immediate subterms. You can use recursivelyShrink to do this.
  3. Type-specific shrinkings such as replacing a constructor by a simpler constructor.

For example, suppose we have the following implementation of binary trees:

data Tree a = Nil | Branch a (Tree a) (Tree a)

We can then define shrink as follows:

shrink Nil = []
shrink (Branch x l r) =
  -- shrink Branch to Nil
  [Nil] ++
  -- shrink to subterms
  [l, r] ++
  -- recursively shrink subterms
  [Branch x' l' r' | (x', l', r') <- shrink (x, l, r)]

There are a couple of subtleties here:

  • QuickCheck tries the shrinking candidates in the order they appear in the list, so we put more aggressive shrinking steps (such as replacing the whole tree by Nil) before smaller ones (such as recursively shrinking the subtrees).
  • It is tempting to write the last line as [Branch x' l' r' | x' <- shrink x, l' <- shrink l, r' <- shrink r] but this is the wrong thing! It will force QuickCheck to shrink x, l and r in tandem, and shrinking will stop once one of the three is fully shrunk.

There is a fair bit of boilerplate in the code above. We can avoid it with the help of some generic functions. The function genericShrink tries shrinking a term to all of its subterms and, failing that, recursively shrinks the subterms. Using it, we can define shrink as:

shrink x = shrinkToNil x ++ genericShrink x
  where
    shrinkToNil Nil = []
    shrinkToNil (Branch _ l r) = [Nil]

genericShrink is a combination of subterms, which shrinks a term to any of its subterms, and recursivelyShrink, which shrinks all subterms of a term. These may be useful if you need a bit more control over shrinking than genericShrink gives you.

A final gotcha: we cannot define shrink as simply shrink x = Nil:genericShrink x as this shrinks Nil to Nil, and shrinking will go into an infinite loop.

If all this leaves you bewildered, you might try shrink = genericShrink to begin with, after deriving Generic for your type. However, if your data type has any special invariants, you will need to check that genericShrink can't break those invariants.

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary ASCIIString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Arbitrary PrintableString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Arbitrary UnicodeString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Arbitrary QCGen 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen QCGen #

shrink :: QCGen -> [QCGen] #

Arbitrary All 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen All #

shrink :: All -> [All] #

Arbitrary Any 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Any #

shrink :: Any -> [Any] #

Arbitrary Version

Generates Version with non-empty non-negative versionBranch, and empty versionTags

Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CChar 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen CChar #

shrink :: CChar -> [CChar] #

Arbitrary CClock 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CDouble 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CFloat 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CInt 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen CInt #

shrink :: CInt -> [CInt] #

Arbitrary CIntMax 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CIntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CLLong 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CLong 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen CLong #

shrink :: CLong -> [CLong] #

Arbitrary CPtrdiff 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CSChar 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CSUSeconds 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CShort 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CSigAtomic 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CSize 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen CSize #

shrink :: CSize -> [CSize] #

Arbitrary CTime 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen CTime #

shrink :: CTime -> [CTime] #

Arbitrary CUChar 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CUInt 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen CUInt #

shrink :: CUInt -> [CUInt] #

Arbitrary CUIntMax 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CUIntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CULLong 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CULong 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CUSeconds 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CUShort 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary CWchar 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary ExitCode 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary Newline 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary NewlineMode 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary Int16 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Int16 #

shrink :: Int16 -> [Int16] #

Arbitrary Int32 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Int32 #

shrink :: Int32 -> [Int32] #

Arbitrary Int64 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Int64 #

shrink :: Int64 -> [Int64] #

Arbitrary Int8 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Int8 #

shrink :: Int8 -> [Int8] #

Arbitrary Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Word8 #

shrink :: Word8 -> [Word8] #

Arbitrary ByteString Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary IntSet

WARNING: The same warning as for Arbitrary (Set a) applies here.

Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary Base16 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary Base64 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary Blake2b Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary Blake2s Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary Poly1305 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary R Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen R #

shrink :: R -> [R] #

Arbitrary S Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen S #

shrink :: S -> [S] #

Arbitrary Sha256 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary Sha512 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary Integer 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary () 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen () #

shrink :: () -> [()] #

Arbitrary Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Bool #

shrink :: Bool -> [Bool] #

Arbitrary Char 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Char #

shrink :: Char -> [Char] #

Arbitrary Double 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary Float 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Float #

shrink :: Float -> [Float] #

Arbitrary Int 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Int #

shrink :: Int -> [Int] #

Arbitrary Word 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Word #

shrink :: Word -> [Word] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Blind a) #

shrink :: Blind a -> [Blind a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Fixed a) #

shrink :: Fixed a -> [Fixed a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (InfiniteList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (InfiniteListInternalData a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (InfiniteListInternalData a) #

shrink :: InfiniteListInternalData a -> [InfiniteListInternalData a] #

(Integral a, Bounded a) => Arbitrary (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Large a) #

shrink :: Large a -> [Large a] #

(Num a, Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Negative a) #

shrink :: Negative a -> [Negative a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (NonEmptyList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

(Num a, Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

(Num a, Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

(Num a, Eq a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (NonZero a) #

shrink :: NonZero a -> [NonZero a] #

(Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (OrderedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

(Num a, Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Positive a) #

shrink :: Positive a -> [Positive a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Shrink2 a) #

shrink :: Shrink2 a -> [Shrink2 a] #

Integral a => Arbitrary (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Small a) #

shrink :: Small a -> [Small a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Smart a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Smart a) #

shrink :: Smart a -> [Smart a] #

(Arbitrary a, Ord a) => Arbitrary (SortedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (ZipList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (ZipList a) #

shrink :: ZipList a -> [ZipList a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Complex a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Complex a) #

shrink :: Complex a -> [Complex a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Identity a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Identity a) #

shrink :: Identity a -> [Identity a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (First a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (First a) #

shrink :: First a -> [First a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Last a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Last a) #

shrink :: Last a -> [Last a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Dual a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Dual a) #

shrink :: Dual a -> [Dual a] #

(Arbitrary a, CoArbitrary a) => Arbitrary (Endo a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Endo a) #

shrink :: Endo a -> [Endo a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Product a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Product a) #

shrink :: Product a -> [Product a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Sum a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Sum a) #

shrink :: Sum a -> [Sum a] #

Integral a => Arbitrary (Ratio a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Ratio a) #

shrink :: Ratio a -> [Ratio a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (IntMap a)

WARNING: The same warning as for Arbitrary (Set a) applies here.

Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (IntMap a) #

shrink :: IntMap a -> [IntMap a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Seq a)

WARNING: The same warning as for Arbitrary (Set a) applies here.

Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Seq a) #

shrink :: Seq a -> [Seq a] #

(Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (Set a)

WARNING: Users working on the internals of the Set type via e.g. Data.Set.Internal should be aware that this instance aims to give a good representation of Set a as mathematical sets but *does not* aim to provide a varied distribution over the underlying representation.

Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Set a) #

shrink :: Set a -> [Set a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Tree a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Tree a) #

shrink :: Tree a -> [Tree a] #

Arbitrary (BlockCount ChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (BlockCount XChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Key ChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Key XChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Key (Keyed prim)) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Key (Keyed prim)) #

shrink :: Key (Keyed prim) -> [Key (Keyed prim)] #

Arbitrary (Key Poly1305) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Nounce ChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Nounce XChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary w => Arbitrary (BE w) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (BE w) #

shrink :: BE w -> [BE w] #

Arbitrary w => Arbitrary (LE w) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (LE w) #

shrink :: LE w -> [LE w] #

Arbitrary w => Arbitrary (BYTES w) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (BYTES w) #

shrink :: BYTES w -> [BYTES w] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Maybe a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Maybe a) #

shrink :: Maybe a -> [Maybe a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary [a] 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen [a] #

shrink :: [a] -> [[a]] #

(Function a, CoArbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Arbitrary (a :-> b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a :-> b) #

shrink :: (a :-> b) -> [a :-> b] #

(Function a, CoArbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Arbitrary (Fun a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Fun a b) #

shrink :: Fun a b -> [Fun a b] #

(Arbitrary a, ShrinkState s a) => Arbitrary (Shrinking s a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Shrinking s a) #

shrink :: Shrinking s a -> [Shrinking s a] #

Arbitrary (m a) => Arbitrary (WrappedMonad m a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (WrappedMonad m a) #

shrink :: WrappedMonad m a -> [WrappedMonad m a] #

(Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Arbitrary (Either a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Either a b) #

shrink :: Either a b -> [Either a b] #

HasResolution a => Arbitrary (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Fixed a) #

shrink :: Fixed a -> [Fixed a] #

(Ord k, Arbitrary k, Arbitrary v) => Arbitrary (Map k v)

WARNING: The same warning as for Arbitrary (Set a) applies here.

Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Map k v) #

shrink :: Map k v -> [Map k v] #

(Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Arbitrary (a, b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a, b) #

shrink :: (a, b) -> [(a, b)] #

(CoArbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Arbitrary (a -> b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a -> b) #

shrink :: (a -> b) -> [a -> b] #

Arbitrary (a b c) => Arbitrary (WrappedArrow a b c) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (WrappedArrow a b c) #

shrink :: WrappedArrow a b c -> [WrappedArrow a b c] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Const a b) #

shrink :: Const a b -> [Const a b] #

Arbitrary (f a) => Arbitrary (Alt f a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Alt f a) #

shrink :: Alt f a -> [Alt f a] #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Constant a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Constant a b) #

shrink :: Constant a b -> [Constant a b] #

(Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c) => Arbitrary (a, b, c) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a, b, c) #

shrink :: (a, b, c) -> [(a, b, c)] #

(Arbitrary1 f, Arbitrary1 g, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (Product f g a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Product f g a) #

shrink :: Product f g a -> [Product f g a] #

(Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c, Arbitrary d) => Arbitrary (a, b, c, d) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a, b, c, d) #

shrink :: (a, b, c, d) -> [(a, b, c, d)] #

(Arbitrary1 f, Arbitrary1 g, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (Compose f g a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Compose f g a) #

shrink :: Compose f g a -> [Compose f g a] #

(Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c, Arbitrary d, Arbitrary e) => Arbitrary (a, b, c, d, e) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a, b, c, d, e) #

shrink :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> [(a, b, c, d, e)] #

(Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c, Arbitrary d, Arbitrary e, Arbitrary f) => Arbitrary (a, b, c, d, e, f) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a, b, c, d, e, f) #

shrink :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> [(a, b, c, d, e, f)] #

(Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c, Arbitrary d, Arbitrary e, Arbitrary f, Arbitrary g) => Arbitrary (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) #

shrink :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g)] #

(Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c, Arbitrary d, Arbitrary e, Arbitrary f, Arbitrary g, Arbitrary h) => Arbitrary (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) #

shrink :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h)] #

(Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c, Arbitrary d, Arbitrary e, Arbitrary f, Arbitrary g, Arbitrary h, Arbitrary i) => Arbitrary (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) #

shrink :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i)] #

(Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c, Arbitrary d, Arbitrary e, Arbitrary f, Arbitrary g, Arbitrary h, Arbitrary i, Arbitrary j) => Arbitrary (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) #

shrink :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j)] #

class ShrinkState s a where #

Methods

shrinkInit :: a -> s #

shrinkState :: a -> s -> [(a, s)] #

data Shrinking s a #

Shrinking _ x: allows for maintaining a state during shrinking.

Constructors

Shrinking s a 

Instances

Instances details
Functor (Shrinking s) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Shrinking s a -> Shrinking s b #

(<$) :: a -> Shrinking s b -> Shrinking s a #

(Arbitrary a, ShrinkState s a) => Arbitrary (Shrinking s a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Shrinking s a) #

shrink :: Shrinking s a -> [Shrinking s a] #

Show a => Show (Shrinking s a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Shrinking s a -> ShowS #

show :: Shrinking s a -> String #

showList :: [Shrinking s a] -> ShowS #

data Smart a #

Smart _ x: tries a different order when shrinking.

Constructors

Smart Int a 

Instances

Instances details
Functor Smart 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Smart a -> Smart b #

(<$) :: a -> Smart b -> Smart a #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Smart a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Smart a) #

shrink :: Smart a -> [Smart a] #

Show a => Show (Smart a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Smart a -> ShowS #

show :: Smart a -> String #

showList :: [Smart a] -> ShowS #

newtype Shrink2 a #

Shrink2 x: allows 2 shrinking steps at the same time when shrinking x

Constructors

Shrink2 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor Shrink2 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 b #

(<$) :: a -> Shrink2 b -> Shrink2 a #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Shrink2 a) #

shrink :: Shrink2 a -> [Shrink2 a] #

Enum a => Enum (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

pred :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

toEnum :: Int -> Shrink2 a #

fromEnum :: Shrink2 a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Shrink2 a -> [Shrink2 a] #

enumFromThen :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> [Shrink2 a] #

enumFromTo :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> [Shrink2 a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> [Shrink2 a] #

Num a => Num (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(+) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

(-) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

(*) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

negate :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

abs :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

signum :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Shrink2 a #

Read a => Read (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Integral a => Integral (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

quot :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

rem :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

div :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

mod :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

quotRem :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> (Shrink2 a, Shrink2 a) #

divMod :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> (Shrink2 a, Shrink2 a) #

toInteger :: Shrink2 a -> Integer #

Real a => Real (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

toRational :: Shrink2 a -> Rational #

Show a => Show (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Shrink2 a -> ShowS #

show :: Shrink2 a -> String #

showList :: [Shrink2 a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

(>) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

max :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

min :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

newtype Small a #

Small x: generates values of x drawn from a small range. The opposite of Large.

Constructors

Small 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor Small 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Small a -> Small b #

(<$) :: a -> Small b -> Small a #

Integral a => Arbitrary (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Small a) #

shrink :: Small a -> [Small a] #

Enum a => Enum (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: Small a -> Small a #

pred :: Small a -> Small a #

toEnum :: Int -> Small a #

fromEnum :: Small a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Small a -> [Small a] #

enumFromThen :: Small a -> Small a -> [Small a] #

enumFromTo :: Small a -> Small a -> [Small a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a -> [Small a] #

Ix a => Ix (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

range :: (Small a, Small a) -> [Small a] #

index :: (Small a, Small a) -> Small a -> Int #

unsafeIndex :: (Small a, Small a) -> Small a -> Int #

inRange :: (Small a, Small a) -> Small a -> Bool #

rangeSize :: (Small a, Small a) -> Int #

unsafeRangeSize :: (Small a, Small a) -> Int #

Num a => Num (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(+) :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

(-) :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

(*) :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

negate :: Small a -> Small a #

abs :: Small a -> Small a #

signum :: Small a -> Small a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Small a #

Read a => Read (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Integral a => Integral (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

quot :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

rem :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

div :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

mod :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

quotRem :: Small a -> Small a -> (Small a, Small a) #

divMod :: Small a -> Small a -> (Small a, Small a) #

toInteger :: Small a -> Integer #

Real a => Real (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

toRational :: Small a -> Rational #

Show a => Show (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Small a -> ShowS #

show :: Small a -> String #

showList :: [Small a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Small a -> Small a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

(>) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

max :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

min :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

newtype Large a #

Large x: by default, QuickCheck generates Ints drawn from a small range. Large Int gives you values drawn from the entire range instead.

Constructors

Large 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor Large 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Large a -> Large b #

(<$) :: a -> Large b -> Large a #

(Integral a, Bounded a) => Arbitrary (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Large a) #

shrink :: Large a -> [Large a] #

Enum a => Enum (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: Large a -> Large a #

pred :: Large a -> Large a #

toEnum :: Int -> Large a #

fromEnum :: Large a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Large a -> [Large a] #

enumFromThen :: Large a -> Large a -> [Large a] #

enumFromTo :: Large a -> Large a -> [Large a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a -> [Large a] #

Ix a => Ix (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

range :: (Large a, Large a) -> [Large a] #

index :: (Large a, Large a) -> Large a -> Int #

unsafeIndex :: (Large a, Large a) -> Large a -> Int #

inRange :: (Large a, Large a) -> Large a -> Bool #

rangeSize :: (Large a, Large a) -> Int #

unsafeRangeSize :: (Large a, Large a) -> Int #

Num a => Num (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(+) :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

(-) :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

(*) :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

negate :: Large a -> Large a #

abs :: Large a -> Large a #

signum :: Large a -> Large a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Large a #

Read a => Read (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Integral a => Integral (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

quot :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

rem :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

div :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

mod :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

quotRem :: Large a -> Large a -> (Large a, Large a) #

divMod :: Large a -> Large a -> (Large a, Large a) #

toInteger :: Large a -> Integer #

Real a => Real (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

toRational :: Large a -> Rational #

Show a => Show (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Large a -> ShowS #

show :: Large a -> String #

showList :: [Large a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Large a -> Large a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

(>) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

max :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

min :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

newtype NonPositive a #

NonPositive x: guarantees that x <= 0.

Constructors

NonPositive 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor NonPositive 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> NonPositive a -> NonPositive b #

(<$) :: a -> NonPositive b -> NonPositive a #

(Num a, Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Enum a => Enum (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq a => Eq (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord a => Ord (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

newtype NonNegative a #

NonNegative x: guarantees that x >= 0.

Constructors

NonNegative 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor NonNegative 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> NonNegative a -> NonNegative b #

(<$) :: a -> NonNegative b -> NonNegative a #

(Num a, Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Enum a => Enum (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq a => Eq (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord a => Ord (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

newtype NonZero a #

NonZero x: guarantees that x /= 0.

Constructors

NonZero 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor NonZero 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> NonZero a -> NonZero b #

(<$) :: a -> NonZero b -> NonZero a #

(Num a, Eq a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (NonZero a) #

shrink :: NonZero a -> [NonZero a] #

Enum a => Enum (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: NonZero a -> NonZero a #

pred :: NonZero a -> NonZero a #

toEnum :: Int -> NonZero a #

fromEnum :: NonZero a -> Int #

enumFrom :: NonZero a -> [NonZero a] #

enumFromThen :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> [NonZero a] #

enumFromTo :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> [NonZero a] #

enumFromThenTo :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> NonZero a -> [NonZero a] #

Read a => Read (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> NonZero a -> ShowS #

show :: NonZero a -> String #

showList :: [NonZero a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

(/=) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Ordering #

(<) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

(<=) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

(>) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

(>=) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

max :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> NonZero a #

min :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> NonZero a #

newtype Negative a #

Negative x: guarantees that x < 0.

Constructors

Negative 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor Negative 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Negative a -> Negative b #

(<$) :: a -> Negative b -> Negative a #

(Num a, Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Negative a) #

shrink :: Negative a -> [Negative a] #

Enum a => Enum (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Negative a -> ShowS #

show :: Negative a -> String #

showList :: [Negative a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

(>) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

max :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Negative a #

min :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Negative a #

newtype Positive a #

Positive x: guarantees that x > 0.

Constructors

Positive 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor Positive 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Positive a -> Positive b #

(<$) :: a -> Positive b -> Positive a #

(Num a, Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Positive a) #

shrink :: Positive a -> [Positive a] #

Enum a => Enum (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Positive a -> ShowS #

show :: Positive a -> String #

showList :: [Positive a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

(>) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

max :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Positive a #

min :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Positive a #

newtype SortedList a #

Sorted xs: guarantees that xs is sorted.

Constructors

Sorted 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor SortedList 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> SortedList a -> SortedList b #

(<$) :: a -> SortedList b -> SortedList a #

(Arbitrary a, Ord a) => Arbitrary (SortedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (SortedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (SortedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq a => Eq (SortedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: SortedList a -> SortedList a -> Bool #

(/=) :: SortedList a -> SortedList a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (SortedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

data InfiniteList a #

InfiniteList xs _: guarantees that xs is an infinite list. When a counterexample is found, only prints the prefix of xs that was used by the program.

Here is a contrived example property:

prop_take_10 :: InfiniteList Char -> Bool
prop_take_10 (InfiniteList xs _) =
  or [ x == 'a' | x <- take 10 xs ]

In the following counterexample, the list must start with "bbbbbbbbbb" but the remaining (infinite) part can contain anything:

>>> quickCheck prop_take_10
*** Failed! Falsified (after 1 test and 14 shrinks):
"bbbbbbbbbb" ++ ...

Constructors

InfiniteList 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (InfiniteList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (InfiniteList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

newtype NonEmptyList a #

NonEmpty xs: guarantees that xs is non-empty.

Constructors

NonEmpty 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor NonEmptyList 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> NonEmptyList a -> NonEmptyList b #

(<$) :: a -> NonEmptyList b -> NonEmptyList a #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (NonEmptyList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (NonEmptyList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (NonEmptyList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq a => Eq (NonEmptyList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord a => Ord (NonEmptyList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

newtype OrderedList a #

Ordered xs: guarantees that xs is ordered.

Constructors

Ordered 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor OrderedList 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> OrderedList a -> OrderedList b #

(<$) :: a -> OrderedList b -> OrderedList a #

(Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Arbitrary (OrderedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (OrderedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Show a => Show (OrderedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq a => Eq (OrderedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord a => Ord (OrderedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

newtype Fixed a #

Fixed x: as x, but will not be shrunk.

Constructors

Fixed 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor Fixed 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Fixed a -> Fixed b #

(<$) :: a -> Fixed b -> Fixed a #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Fixed a) #

shrink :: Fixed a -> [Fixed a] #

Enum a => Enum (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: Fixed a -> Fixed a #

pred :: Fixed a -> Fixed a #

toEnum :: Int -> Fixed a #

fromEnum :: Fixed a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Fixed a -> [Fixed a] #

enumFromThen :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> [Fixed a] #

enumFromTo :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> [Fixed a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a -> [Fixed a] #

Num a => Num (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(+) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

(-) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

(*) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

negate :: Fixed a -> Fixed a #

abs :: Fixed a -> Fixed a #

signum :: Fixed a -> Fixed a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Fixed a #

Read a => Read (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Integral a => Integral (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

quot :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

rem :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

div :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

mod :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

quotRem :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> (Fixed a, Fixed a) #

divMod :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> (Fixed a, Fixed a) #

toInteger :: Fixed a -> Integer #

Real a => Real (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

toRational :: Fixed a -> Rational #

Show a => Show (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Fixed a -> ShowS #

show :: Fixed a -> String #

showList :: [Fixed a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

(>) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

max :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

min :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

newtype Blind a #

Blind x: as x, but x does not have to be in the Show class.

Constructors

Blind 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Functor Blind 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Blind a -> Blind b #

(<$) :: a -> Blind b -> Blind a #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Blind a) #

shrink :: Blind a -> [Blind a] #

Enum a => Enum (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: Blind a -> Blind a #

pred :: Blind a -> Blind a #

toEnum :: Int -> Blind a #

fromEnum :: Blind a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Blind a -> [Blind a] #

enumFromThen :: Blind a -> Blind a -> [Blind a] #

enumFromTo :: Blind a -> Blind a -> [Blind a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a -> [Blind a] #

Num a => Num (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(+) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

(-) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

(*) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

negate :: Blind a -> Blind a #

abs :: Blind a -> Blind a #

signum :: Blind a -> Blind a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Blind a #

Integral a => Integral (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

quot :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

rem :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

div :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

mod :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

quotRem :: Blind a -> Blind a -> (Blind a, Blind a) #

divMod :: Blind a -> Blind a -> (Blind a, Blind a) #

toInteger :: Blind a -> Integer #

Real a => Real (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

toRational :: Blind a -> Rational #

Show (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Blind a -> ShowS #

show :: Blind a -> String #

showList :: [Blind a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

(>) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

max :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

min :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

class Function a where #

The class Function a is used for random generation of showable functions of type a -> b.

There is a default implementation for function, which you can use if your type has structural equality. Otherwise, you can normally use functionMap or functionShow.

Minimal complete definition

Nothing

Methods

function :: (a -> b) -> a :-> b #

Instances

Instances details
Function A 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (A -> b) -> A :-> b #

Function B 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (B -> b) -> B :-> b #

Function C 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (C -> b) -> C :-> b #

Function OrdA 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (OrdA -> b) -> OrdA :-> b #

Function OrdB 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (OrdB -> b) -> OrdB :-> b #

Function OrdC 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (OrdC -> b) -> OrdC :-> b #

Function All 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (All -> b) -> All :-> b #

Function Any 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Any -> b) -> Any :-> b #

Function Newline 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Newline -> b) -> Newline :-> b #

Function NewlineMode 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (NewlineMode -> b) -> NewlineMode :-> b #

Function Int16 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Int16 -> b) -> Int16 :-> b #

Function Int32 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Int32 -> b) -> Int32 :-> b #

Function Int64 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Int64 -> b) -> Int64 :-> b #

Function Int8 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Int8 -> b) -> Int8 :-> b #

Function Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Word16 -> b) -> Word16 :-> b #

Function Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Word32 -> b) -> Word32 :-> b #

Function Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Word64 -> b) -> Word64 :-> b #

Function Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Word8 -> b) -> Word8 :-> b #

Function IntSet 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (IntSet -> b) -> IntSet :-> b #

Function Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Ordering -> b) -> Ordering :-> b #

Function Integer 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Integer -> b) -> Integer :-> b #

Function () 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (() -> b) -> () :-> b #

Function Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Bool -> b) -> Bool :-> b #

Function Char 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Char -> b) -> Char :-> b #

Function Double 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Double -> b) -> Double :-> b #

Function Float 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Float -> b) -> Float :-> b #

Function Int 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Int -> b) -> Int :-> b #

Function Word 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Word -> b) -> Word :-> b #

(RealFloat a, Function a) => Function (Complex a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Complex a -> b) -> Complex a :-> b #

Function a => Function (Identity a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Identity a -> b) -> Identity a :-> b #

Function a => Function (First a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (First a -> b) -> First a :-> b #

Function a => Function (Last a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Last a -> b) -> Last a :-> b #

Function a => Function (Dual a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Dual a -> b) -> Dual a :-> b #

Function a => Function (Product a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Product a -> b) -> Product a :-> b #

Function a => Function (Sum a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Sum a -> b) -> Sum a :-> b #

(Integral a, Function a) => Function (Ratio a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Ratio a -> b) -> Ratio a :-> b #

Function a => Function (IntMap a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (IntMap a -> b) -> IntMap a :-> b #

Function a => Function (Seq a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Seq a -> b) -> Seq a :-> b #

(Ord a, Function a) => Function (Set a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Set a -> b) -> Set a :-> b #

Function a => Function (Tree a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Tree a -> b) -> Tree a :-> b #

Function a => Function (Maybe a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Maybe a -> b) -> Maybe a :-> b #

Function a => Function [a] 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: ([a] -> b) -> [a] :-> b #

(Function a, Function b) => Function (Either a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Either a b -> b0) -> Either a b :-> b0 #

HasResolution a => Function (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Fixed a -> b) -> Fixed a :-> b #

(Ord a, Function a, Function b) => Function (Map a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Map a b -> b0) -> Map a b :-> b0 #

(Function a, Function b) => Function (a, b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: ((a, b) -> b0) -> (a, b) :-> b0 #

Function a => Function (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Const a b -> b0) -> Const a b :-> b0 #

Function (f a) => Function (Alt f a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Alt f a -> b) -> Alt f a :-> b #

(Function a, Function b, Function c) => Function (a, b, c) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: ((a, b, c) -> b0) -> (a, b, c) :-> b0 #

(Function a, Function b, Function c, Function d) => Function (a, b, c, d) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: ((a, b, c, d) -> b0) -> (a, b, c, d) :-> b0 #

(Function a, Function b, Function c, Function d, Function e) => Function (a, b, c, d, e) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: ((a, b, c, d, e) -> b0) -> (a, b, c, d, e) :-> b0 #

(Function a, Function b, Function c, Function d, Function e, Function f) => Function (a, b, c, d, e, f) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: ((a, b, c, d, e, f) -> b0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) :-> b0 #

(Function a, Function b, Function c, Function d, Function e, Function f, Function g) => Function (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: ((a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> b0) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) :-> b0 #

data Confidence #

The statistical parameters used by checkCoverage.

Constructors

Confidence 

Fields

  • certainty :: Integer

    How certain checkCoverage must be before the property fails. If the coverage requirement is met, and the certainty parameter is n, then you should get a false positive at most one in n runs of QuickCheck. The default value is 10^9.

    Lower values will speed up checkCoverage at the cost of false positives.

    If you are using checkCoverage as part of a test suite, you should be careful not to set certainty too low. If you want, say, a 1% chance of a false positive during a project's lifetime, then certainty should be set to at least 100 * m * n, where m is the number of uses of cover in the test suite, and n is the number of times you expect the test suite to be run during the project's lifetime. The default value is chosen to be big enough for most projects.

  • tolerance :: Double

    For statistical reasons, checkCoverage will not reject coverage levels that are only slightly below the required levels. If the required level is p then an actual level of tolerance * p will be accepted. The default value is 0.9.

    Lower values will speed up checkCoverage at the cost of not detecting minor coverage violations.

Instances

Instances details
Show Confidence 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.State

data Witness #

Constructors

(Typeable a, Show a) => Wit a 

Instances

Instances details
Show Witness 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

data Discard #

If a property returns Discard, the current test case is discarded, the same as if a precondition was false.

An example is the definition of ==>:

(==>) :: Testable prop => Bool -> prop -> Property
False ==> _ = property Discard
True  ==> p = property p

Constructors

Discard 

Instances

Instances details
Testable Discard 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Discard -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Discard) -> Property #

data Property #

The type of properties.

Instances

Instances details
Testable Property 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Property

Methods

property :: Property -> Property #

propertyForAllShrinkShow :: Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> [String]) -> (a -> Property) -> Property #

type Arg Property 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.QuickCheck

type Arg Property = ()
type Arg (a -> Property) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.QuickCheck

type Arg (a -> Property) = a

data Args #

Args specifies arguments to the QuickCheck driver

Constructors

Args 

Fields

  • replay :: Maybe (QCGen, Int)

    Should we replay a previous test? Note: saving a seed from one version of QuickCheck and replaying it in another is not supported. If you want to store a test case permanently you should save the test case itself.

  • maxSuccess :: Int

    Maximum number of successful tests before succeeding. Testing stops at the first failure. If all tests are passing and you want to run more tests, increase this number.

  • maxDiscardRatio :: Int

    Maximum number of discarded tests per successful test before giving up

  • maxSize :: Int

    Size to use for the biggest test cases

  • chatty :: Bool

    Whether to print anything

  • maxShrinks :: Int

    Maximum number of shrinks to do before giving up. Setting this to zero turns shrinking off.

Instances

Instances details
Read Args 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Test

Show Args 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Test

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Args -> ShowS #

show :: Args -> String #

showList :: [Args] -> ShowS #

newtype PropertyM (m :: Type -> Type) a #

The property monad is really a monad transformer that can contain monadic computations in the monad m it is parameterized by:

  • m - the m-computations that may be performed within PropertyM

Elements of PropertyM m a may mix property operations and m-computations.

Constructors

MkPropertyM 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
MonadTrans PropertyM 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Monadic

Methods

lift :: Monad m => m a -> PropertyM m a #

Monad m => MonadFail (PropertyM m) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Monadic

Methods

fail :: String -> PropertyM m a #

MonadIO m => MonadIO (PropertyM m) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Monadic

Methods

liftIO :: IO a -> PropertyM m a #

Applicative (PropertyM m) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Monadic

Methods

pure :: a -> PropertyM m a #

(<*>) :: PropertyM m (a -> b) -> PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b -> PropertyM m c #

(*>) :: PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b -> PropertyM m b #

(<*) :: PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b -> PropertyM m a #

Functor (PropertyM m) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Monadic

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b #

(<$) :: a -> PropertyM m b -> PropertyM m a #

Monad m => Monad (PropertyM m) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Monadic

Methods

(>>=) :: PropertyM m a -> (a -> PropertyM m b) -> PropertyM m b #

(>>) :: PropertyM m a -> PropertyM m b -> PropertyM m b #

return :: a -> PropertyM m a #

class Bounded a where #

The Bounded class is used to name the upper and lower limits of a type. Ord is not a superclass of Bounded since types that are not totally ordered may also have upper and lower bounds.

The Bounded class may be derived for any enumeration type; minBound is the first constructor listed in the data declaration and maxBound is the last. Bounded may also be derived for single-constructor datatypes whose constituent types are in Bounded.

Methods

minBound :: a #

maxBound :: a #

Instances

Instances details
Bounded IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Bounded WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Bounded Associativity

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Bounded DecidedStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Bounded SourceStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Bounded SourceUnpackedness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Bounded Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bounded Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bounded Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bounded Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bounded Ordering

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Bounded ()

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: () #

maxBound :: () #

Bounded Bool

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Bounded Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Bounded Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: Int #

maxBound :: Int #

Bounded Levity

Since: base-4.16.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Bounded VecCount

Since: base-4.10.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Bounded VecElem

Since: base-4.10.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Bounded Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Bounded a => Bounded (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

minBound :: And a #

maxBound :: And a #

Bounded a => Bounded (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

minBound :: Iff a #

maxBound :: Iff a #

Bounded a => Bounded (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

minBound :: Ior a #

maxBound :: Ior a #

Bounded a => Bounded (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

minBound :: Xor a #

maxBound :: Xor a #

Bounded w => Bounded (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

minBound :: BE w #

maxBound :: BE w #

Bounded w => Bounded (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

minBound :: LE w #

maxBound :: LE w #

Bounded a => Bounded (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

minBound :: BYTES a #

maxBound :: BYTES a #

Bounded a => Bounded (a) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a) #

maxBound :: (a) #

Bounded (Proxy t)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

minBound :: Proxy t #

maxBound :: Proxy t #

(Bounded a, Bounded b) => Bounded (a, b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b) #

maxBound :: (a, b) #

Bounded a => Bounded (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

minBound :: Const a b #

maxBound :: Const a b #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c) => Bounded (a, b, c)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d) => Bounded (a, b, c, d)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d, e) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d, e) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l, Bounded m) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l, Bounded m, Bounded n) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) #

(Bounded a, Bounded b, Bounded c, Bounded d, Bounded e, Bounded f, Bounded g, Bounded h, Bounded i, Bounded j, Bounded k, Bounded l, Bounded m, Bounded n, Bounded o) => Bounded (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

minBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) #

maxBound :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) #

class Enum a where #

Class Enum defines operations on sequentially ordered types.

The enumFrom... methods are used in Haskell's translation of arithmetic sequences.

Instances of Enum may be derived for any enumeration type (types whose constructors have no fields). The nullary constructors are assumed to be numbered left-to-right by fromEnum from 0 through n-1. See Chapter 10 of the Haskell Report for more details.

For any type that is an instance of class Bounded as well as Enum, the following should hold:

   enumFrom     x   = enumFromTo     x maxBound
   enumFromThen x y = enumFromThenTo x y bound
     where
       bound | fromEnum y >= fromEnum x = maxBound
             | otherwise                = minBound

Minimal complete definition

toEnum, fromEnum

Methods

succ :: a -> a #

the successor of a value. For numeric types, succ adds 1.

pred :: a -> a #

the predecessor of a value. For numeric types, pred subtracts 1.

toEnum :: Int -> a #

Convert from an Int.

fromEnum :: a -> Int #

Convert to an Int. It is implementation-dependent what fromEnum returns when applied to a value that is too large to fit in an Int.

enumFrom :: a -> [a] #

Used in Haskell's translation of [n..] with [n..] = enumFrom n, a possible implementation being enumFrom n = n : enumFrom (succ n). For example:

  • enumFrom 4 :: [Integer] = [4,5,6,7,...]
  • enumFrom 6 :: [Int] = [6,7,8,9,...,maxBound :: Int]

enumFromThen :: a -> a -> [a] #

Used in Haskell's translation of [n,n'..] with [n,n'..] = enumFromThen n n', a possible implementation being enumFromThen n n' = n : n' : worker (f x) (f x n'), worker s v = v : worker s (s v), x = fromEnum n' - fromEnum n and f n y | n > 0 = f (n - 1) (succ y) | n < 0 = f (n + 1) (pred y) | otherwise = y For example:

  • enumFromThen 4 6 :: [Integer] = [4,6,8,10...]
  • enumFromThen 6 2 :: [Int] = [6,2,-2,-6,...,minBound :: Int]

enumFromTo :: a -> a -> [a] #

Used in Haskell's translation of [n..m] with [n..m] = enumFromTo n m, a possible implementation being enumFromTo n m | n <= m = n : enumFromTo (succ n) m | otherwise = []. For example:

  • enumFromTo 6 10 :: [Int] = [6,7,8,9,10]
  • enumFromTo 42 1 :: [Integer] = []

enumFromThenTo :: a -> a -> a -> [a] #

Used in Haskell's translation of [n,n'..m] with [n,n'..m] = enumFromThenTo n n' m, a possible implementation being enumFromThenTo n n' m = worker (f x) (c x) n m, x = fromEnum n' - fromEnum n, c x = bool (>=) ((x 0) f n y | n > 0 = f (n - 1) (succ y) | n < 0 = f (n + 1) (pred y) | otherwise = y and worker s c v m | c v m = v : worker s c (s v) m | otherwise = [] For example:

  • enumFromThenTo 4 2 -6 :: [Integer] = [4,2,0,-2,-4,-6]
  • enumFromThenTo 6 8 2 :: [Int] = []

Instances

Instances details
Enum IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Enum WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Enum Associativity

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Enum DecidedStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Enum SourceStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Enum SourceUnpackedness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Enum SeekMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

Enum IOMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.IOMode

Enum Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Enum Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Enum Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Enum Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Enum Ordering

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Enum Alignment 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

succ :: Alignment -> Alignment #

pred :: Alignment -> Alignment #

toEnum :: Int -> Alignment #

fromEnum :: Alignment -> Int #

enumFrom :: Alignment -> [Alignment] #

enumFromThen :: Alignment -> Alignment -> [Alignment] #

enumFromTo :: Alignment -> Alignment -> [Alignment] #

enumFromThenTo :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Alignment -> [Alignment] #

Enum Integer

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Enum Natural

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Enum ()

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

succ :: () -> () #

pred :: () -> () #

toEnum :: Int -> () #

fromEnum :: () -> Int #

enumFrom :: () -> [()] #

enumFromThen :: () -> () -> [()] #

enumFromTo :: () -> () -> [()] #

enumFromThenTo :: () -> () -> () -> [()] #

Enum Bool

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

succ :: Bool -> Bool #

pred :: Bool -> Bool #

toEnum :: Int -> Bool #

fromEnum :: Bool -> Int #

enumFrom :: Bool -> [Bool] #

enumFromThen :: Bool -> Bool -> [Bool] #

enumFromTo :: Bool -> Bool -> [Bool] #

enumFromThenTo :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool -> [Bool] #

Enum Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

succ :: Char -> Char #

pred :: Char -> Char #

toEnum :: Int -> Char #

fromEnum :: Char -> Int #

enumFrom :: Char -> [Char] #

enumFromThen :: Char -> Char -> [Char] #

enumFromTo :: Char -> Char -> [Char] #

enumFromThenTo :: Char -> Char -> Char -> [Char] #

Enum Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

succ :: Int -> Int #

pred :: Int -> Int #

toEnum :: Int -> Int #

fromEnum :: Int -> Int #

enumFrom :: Int -> [Int] #

enumFromThen :: Int -> Int -> [Int] #

enumFromTo :: Int -> Int -> [Int] #

enumFromThenTo :: Int -> Int -> Int -> [Int] #

Enum Levity

Since: base-4.16.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Enum VecCount

Since: base-4.10.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Enum VecElem

Since: base-4.10.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Enum Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

succ :: Word -> Word #

pred :: Word -> Word #

toEnum :: Int -> Word #

fromEnum :: Word -> Int #

enumFrom :: Word -> [Word] #

enumFromThen :: Word -> Word -> [Word] #

enumFromTo :: Word -> Word -> [Word] #

enumFromThenTo :: Word -> Word -> Word -> [Word] #

Enum a => Enum (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: Blind a -> Blind a #

pred :: Blind a -> Blind a #

toEnum :: Int -> Blind a #

fromEnum :: Blind a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Blind a -> [Blind a] #

enumFromThen :: Blind a -> Blind a -> [Blind a] #

enumFromTo :: Blind a -> Blind a -> [Blind a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a -> [Blind a] #

Enum a => Enum (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: Fixed a -> Fixed a #

pred :: Fixed a -> Fixed a #

toEnum :: Int -> Fixed a #

fromEnum :: Fixed a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Fixed a -> [Fixed a] #

enumFromThen :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> [Fixed a] #

enumFromTo :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> [Fixed a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a -> [Fixed a] #

Enum a => Enum (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: Large a -> Large a #

pred :: Large a -> Large a #

toEnum :: Int -> Large a #

fromEnum :: Large a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Large a -> [Large a] #

enumFromThen :: Large a -> Large a -> [Large a] #

enumFromTo :: Large a -> Large a -> [Large a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a -> [Large a] #

Enum a => Enum (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Enum a => Enum (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Enum a => Enum (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Enum a => Enum (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: NonZero a -> NonZero a #

pred :: NonZero a -> NonZero a #

toEnum :: Int -> NonZero a #

fromEnum :: NonZero a -> Int #

enumFrom :: NonZero a -> [NonZero a] #

enumFromThen :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> [NonZero a] #

enumFromTo :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> [NonZero a] #

enumFromThenTo :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> NonZero a -> [NonZero a] #

Enum a => Enum (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Enum a => Enum (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

pred :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

toEnum :: Int -> Shrink2 a #

fromEnum :: Shrink2 a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Shrink2 a -> [Shrink2 a] #

enumFromThen :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> [Shrink2 a] #

enumFromTo :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> [Shrink2 a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> [Shrink2 a] #

Enum a => Enum (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

succ :: Small a -> Small a #

pred :: Small a -> Small a #

toEnum :: Int -> Small a #

fromEnum :: Small a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Small a -> [Small a] #

enumFromThen :: Small a -> Small a -> [Small a] #

enumFromTo :: Small a -> Small a -> [Small a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a -> [Small a] #

Enum a => Enum (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

succ :: And a -> And a #

pred :: And a -> And a #

toEnum :: Int -> And a #

fromEnum :: And a -> Int #

enumFrom :: And a -> [And a] #

enumFromThen :: And a -> And a -> [And a] #

enumFromTo :: And a -> And a -> [And a] #

enumFromThenTo :: And a -> And a -> And a -> [And a] #

Enum a => Enum (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

succ :: Iff a -> Iff a #

pred :: Iff a -> Iff a #

toEnum :: Int -> Iff a #

fromEnum :: Iff a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Iff a -> [Iff a] #

enumFromThen :: Iff a -> Iff a -> [Iff a] #

enumFromTo :: Iff a -> Iff a -> [Iff a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a -> [Iff a] #

Enum a => Enum (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

succ :: Ior a -> Ior a #

pred :: Ior a -> Ior a #

toEnum :: Int -> Ior a #

fromEnum :: Ior a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Ior a -> [Ior a] #

enumFromThen :: Ior a -> Ior a -> [Ior a] #

enumFromTo :: Ior a -> Ior a -> [Ior a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a -> [Ior a] #

Enum a => Enum (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

succ :: Xor a -> Xor a #

pred :: Xor a -> Xor a #

toEnum :: Int -> Xor a #

fromEnum :: Xor a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Xor a -> [Xor a] #

enumFromThen :: Xor a -> Xor a -> [Xor a] #

enumFromTo :: Xor a -> Xor a -> [Xor a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a -> [Xor a] #

Integral a => Enum (Ratio a)

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

succ :: Ratio a -> Ratio a #

pred :: Ratio a -> Ratio a #

toEnum :: Int -> Ratio a #

fromEnum :: Ratio a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Ratio a -> [Ratio a] #

enumFromThen :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> [Ratio a] #

enumFromTo :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> [Ratio a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Ratio a -> [Ratio a] #

Enum (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Enum w => Enum (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

succ :: BE w -> BE w #

pred :: BE w -> BE w #

toEnum :: Int -> BE w #

fromEnum :: BE w -> Int #

enumFrom :: BE w -> [BE w] #

enumFromThen :: BE w -> BE w -> [BE w] #

enumFromTo :: BE w -> BE w -> [BE w] #

enumFromThenTo :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w -> [BE w] #

Enum w => Enum (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

succ :: LE w -> LE w #

pred :: LE w -> LE w #

toEnum :: Int -> LE w #

fromEnum :: LE w -> Int #

enumFrom :: LE w -> [LE w] #

enumFromThen :: LE w -> LE w -> [LE w] #

enumFromTo :: LE w -> LE w -> [LE w] #

enumFromThenTo :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w -> [LE w] #

Enum a => Enum (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

succ :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

pred :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

toEnum :: Int -> BYTES a #

fromEnum :: BYTES a -> Int #

enumFrom :: BYTES a -> [BYTES a] #

enumFromThen :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> [BYTES a] #

enumFromTo :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> [BYTES a] #

enumFromThenTo :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a -> [BYTES a] #

Enum a => Enum (a) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

succ :: (a) -> (a) #

pred :: (a) -> (a) #

toEnum :: Int -> (a) #

fromEnum :: (a) -> Int #

enumFrom :: (a) -> [(a)] #

enumFromThen :: (a) -> (a) -> [(a)] #

enumFromTo :: (a) -> (a) -> [(a)] #

enumFromThenTo :: (a) -> (a) -> (a) -> [(a)] #

Enum (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

succ :: Proxy s -> Proxy s #

pred :: Proxy s -> Proxy s #

toEnum :: Int -> Proxy s #

fromEnum :: Proxy s -> Int #

enumFrom :: Proxy s -> [Proxy s] #

enumFromThen :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> [Proxy s] #

enumFromTo :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> [Proxy s] #

enumFromThenTo :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Proxy s -> [Proxy s] #

Enum a => Enum (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

succ :: Const a b -> Const a b #

pred :: Const a b -> Const a b #

toEnum :: Int -> Const a b #

fromEnum :: Const a b -> Int #

enumFrom :: Const a b -> [Const a b] #

enumFromThen :: Const a b -> Const a b -> [Const a b] #

enumFromTo :: Const a b -> Const a b -> [Const a b] #

enumFromThenTo :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b -> [Const a b] #

class (Real a, Fractional a) => RealFrac a where #

Extracting components of fractions.

Minimal complete definition

properFraction

Methods

properFraction :: Integral b => a -> (b, a) #

The function properFraction takes a real fractional number x and returns a pair (n,f) such that x = n+f, and:

  • n is an integral number with the same sign as x; and
  • f is a fraction with the same type and sign as x, and with absolute value less than 1.

The default definitions of the ceiling, floor, truncate and round functions are in terms of properFraction.

truncate :: Integral b => a -> b #

truncate x returns the integer nearest x between zero and x

round :: Integral b => a -> b #

round x returns the nearest integer to x; the even integer if x is equidistant between two integers

ceiling :: Integral b => a -> b #

ceiling x returns the least integer not less than x

floor :: Integral b => a -> b #

floor x returns the greatest integer not greater than x

Instances

Instances details
Integral a => RealFrac (Ratio a)

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

properFraction :: Integral b => Ratio a -> (b, Ratio a) #

truncate :: Integral b => Ratio a -> b #

round :: Integral b => Ratio a -> b #

ceiling :: Integral b => Ratio a -> b #

floor :: Integral b => Ratio a -> b #

RealFrac a => RealFrac (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

properFraction :: Integral b0 => Const a b -> (b0, Const a b) #

truncate :: Integral b0 => Const a b -> b0 #

round :: Integral b0 => Const a b -> b0 #

ceiling :: Integral b0 => Const a b -> b0 #

floor :: Integral b0 => Const a b -> b0 #

class (Real a, Enum a) => Integral a where #

Integral numbers, supporting integer division.

The Haskell Report defines no laws for Integral. However, Integral instances are customarily expected to define a Euclidean domain and have the following properties for the div/mod and quot/rem pairs, given suitable Euclidean functions f and g:

  • x = y * quot x y + rem x y with rem x y = fromInteger 0 or g (rem x y) < g y
  • x = y * div x y + mod x y with mod x y = fromInteger 0 or f (mod x y) < f y

An example of a suitable Euclidean function, for Integer's instance, is abs.

In addition, toInteger should be total, and fromInteger should be a left inverse for it, i.e. fromInteger (toInteger i) = i.

Minimal complete definition

quotRem, toInteger

Methods

quot :: a -> a -> a infixl 7 #

integer division truncated toward zero

WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as the divisor) for all the integer types in base.

rem :: a -> a -> a infixl 7 #

integer remainder, satisfying

(x `quot` y)*y + (x `rem` y) == x

WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as the divisor) for all the integer types in base.

div :: a -> a -> a infixl 7 #

integer division truncated toward negative infinity

WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as the divisor) for all the integer types in base.

mod :: a -> a -> a infixl 7 #

integer modulus, satisfying

(x `div` y)*y + (x `mod` y) == x

WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as the divisor) for all the integer types in base.

quotRem :: a -> a -> (a, a) #

simultaneous quot and rem

WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as the divisor) for all the integer types in base.

divMod :: a -> a -> (a, a) #

simultaneous div and mod

WARNING: This function is partial (because it throws when 0 is passed as the divisor) for all the integer types in base.

toInteger :: a -> Integer #

conversion to Integer

Instances

Instances details
Integral IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Integral WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Integral Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Integral Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Integral Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Integral Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Integral Integer

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Integral Natural

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Integral Int

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

quot :: Int -> Int -> Int #

rem :: Int -> Int -> Int #

div :: Int -> Int -> Int #

mod :: Int -> Int -> Int #

quotRem :: Int -> Int -> (Int, Int) #

divMod :: Int -> Int -> (Int, Int) #

toInteger :: Int -> Integer #

Integral Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

quot :: Word -> Word -> Word #

rem :: Word -> Word -> Word #

div :: Word -> Word -> Word #

mod :: Word -> Word -> Word #

quotRem :: Word -> Word -> (Word, Word) #

divMod :: Word -> Word -> (Word, Word) #

toInteger :: Word -> Integer #

Integral a => Integral (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

quot :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

rem :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

div :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

mod :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

quotRem :: Blind a -> Blind a -> (Blind a, Blind a) #

divMod :: Blind a -> Blind a -> (Blind a, Blind a) #

toInteger :: Blind a -> Integer #

Integral a => Integral (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

quot :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

rem :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

div :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

mod :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

quotRem :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> (Fixed a, Fixed a) #

divMod :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> (Fixed a, Fixed a) #

toInteger :: Fixed a -> Integer #

Integral a => Integral (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

quot :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

rem :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

div :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

mod :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

quotRem :: Large a -> Large a -> (Large a, Large a) #

divMod :: Large a -> Large a -> (Large a, Large a) #

toInteger :: Large a -> Integer #

Integral a => Integral (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

quot :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

rem :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

div :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

mod :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

quotRem :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> (Shrink2 a, Shrink2 a) #

divMod :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> (Shrink2 a, Shrink2 a) #

toInteger :: Shrink2 a -> Integer #

Integral a => Integral (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

quot :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

rem :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

div :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

mod :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

quotRem :: Small a -> Small a -> (Small a, Small a) #

divMod :: Small a -> Small a -> (Small a, Small a) #

toInteger :: Small a -> Integer #

Integral w => Integral (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

quot :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

rem :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

div :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

mod :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

quotRem :: BE w -> BE w -> (BE w, BE w) #

divMod :: BE w -> BE w -> (BE w, BE w) #

toInteger :: BE w -> Integer #

Integral w => Integral (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

quot :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

rem :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

div :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

mod :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

quotRem :: LE w -> LE w -> (LE w, LE w) #

divMod :: LE w -> LE w -> (LE w, LE w) #

toInteger :: LE w -> Integer #

Integral a => Integral (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

quot :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

rem :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

div :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

mod :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

quotRem :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> (BYTES a, BYTES a) #

divMod :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> (BYTES a, BYTES a) #

toInteger :: BYTES a -> Integer #

Integral a => Integral (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

quot :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

rem :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

div :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

mod :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

quotRem :: Const a b -> Const a b -> (Const a b, Const a b) #

divMod :: Const a b -> Const a b -> (Const a b, Const a b) #

toInteger :: Const a b -> Integer #

class Read a where #

Parsing of Strings, producing values.

Derived instances of Read make the following assumptions, which derived instances of Show obey:

  • If the constructor is defined to be an infix operator, then the derived Read instance will parse only infix applications of the constructor (not the prefix form).
  • Associativity is not used to reduce the occurrence of parentheses, although precedence may be.
  • If the constructor is defined using record syntax, the derived Read will parse only the record-syntax form, and furthermore, the fields must be given in the same order as the original declaration.
  • The derived Read instance allows arbitrary Haskell whitespace between tokens of the input string. Extra parentheses are also allowed.

For example, given the declarations

infixr 5 :^:
data Tree a =  Leaf a  |  Tree a :^: Tree a

the derived instance of Read in Haskell 2010 is equivalent to

instance (Read a) => Read (Tree a) where

        readsPrec d r =  readParen (d > app_prec)
                         (\r -> [(Leaf m,t) |
                                 ("Leaf",s) <- lex r,
                                 (m,t) <- readsPrec (app_prec+1) s]) r

                      ++ readParen (d > up_prec)
                         (\r -> [(u:^:v,w) |
                                 (u,s) <- readsPrec (up_prec+1) r,
                                 (":^:",t) <- lex s,
                                 (v,w) <- readsPrec (up_prec+1) t]) r

          where app_prec = 10
                up_prec = 5

Note that right-associativity of :^: is unused.

The derived instance in GHC is equivalent to

instance (Read a) => Read (Tree a) where

        readPrec = parens $ (prec app_prec $ do
                                 Ident "Leaf" <- lexP
                                 m <- step readPrec
                                 return (Leaf m))

                     +++ (prec up_prec $ do
                                 u <- step readPrec
                                 Symbol ":^:" <- lexP
                                 v <- step readPrec
                                 return (u :^: v))

          where app_prec = 10
                up_prec = 5

        readListPrec = readListPrecDefault

Why do both readsPrec and readPrec exist, and why does GHC opt to implement readPrec in derived Read instances instead of readsPrec? The reason is that readsPrec is based on the ReadS type, and although ReadS is mentioned in the Haskell 2010 Report, it is not a very efficient parser data structure.

readPrec, on the other hand, is based on a much more efficient ReadPrec datatype (a.k.a "new-style parsers"), but its definition relies on the use of the RankNTypes language extension. Therefore, readPrec (and its cousin, readListPrec) are marked as GHC-only. Nevertheless, it is recommended to use readPrec instead of readsPrec whenever possible for the efficiency improvements it brings.

As mentioned above, derived Read instances in GHC will implement readPrec instead of readsPrec. The default implementations of readsPrec (and its cousin, readList) will simply use readPrec under the hood. If you are writing a Read instance by hand, it is recommended to write it like so:

instance Read T where
  readPrec     = ...
  readListPrec = readListPrecDefault

Minimal complete definition

readsPrec | readPrec

Methods

readsPrec #

Arguments

:: Int

the operator precedence of the enclosing context (a number from 0 to 11). Function application has precedence 10.

-> ReadS a 

attempts to parse a value from the front of the string, returning a list of (parsed value, remaining string) pairs. If there is no successful parse, the returned list is empty.

Derived instances of Read and Show satisfy the following:

That is, readsPrec parses the string produced by showsPrec, and delivers the value that showsPrec started with.

readList :: ReadS [a] #

The method readList is provided to allow the programmer to give a specialised way of parsing lists of values. For example, this is used by the predefined Read instance of the Char type, where values of type String should be are expected to use double quotes, rather than square brackets.

Instances

Instances details
Read ASCIIString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read PrintableString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read UnicodeString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read QCGen 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Random

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS QCGen #

readList :: ReadS [QCGen] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec QCGen #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [QCGen] #

Read Args 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Test

Read IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Read WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Read Void

Reading a Void value is always a parse error, considering Void as a data type with no constructors.

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Associativity

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Read DecidedStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Read Fixity

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Read SourceStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Read SourceUnpackedness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Read SeekMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

Read ExitCode 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Read BufferMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Read Newline

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Read NewlineMode

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Read IOMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.IOMode

Read SomeNat

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.TypeNats

Read GeneralCategory

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Lexeme

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Read ShortByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Short.Internal

Read IntSet 
Instance details

Defined in Data.IntSet.Internal

Read Ordering

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Integer

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Natural

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read ()

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS () #

readList :: ReadS [()] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec () #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [()] #

Read Bool

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Double

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Float

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read Word

Since: base-4.5.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read a => Read (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (NonEmptyList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (OrderedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (SortedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Read a => Read (ZipList a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Read a => Read (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Read a => Read (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Read a => Read (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Read a => Read (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Read a => Read (NonEmpty a)

Since: base-4.11.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read p => Read (Par1 p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

(Integral a, Read a) => Read (Ratio a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read e => Read (IntMap e) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Read a => Read (Seq a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Read a => Read (ViewL a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Read a => Read (ViewR a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

(Read a, Ord a) => Read (Set a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Read a => Read (Tree a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Tree

Read a => Read (Array a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Read a => Read (SmallArray a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Read w => Read (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Read w => Read (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

(Read a, Prim a) => Read (Vector a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Primitive

Read a => Read (Maybe a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read a => Read (a)

Since: base-4.15

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a) #

readList :: ReadS [(a)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a)] #

Read a => Read [a]

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS [a] #

readList :: ReadS [[a]] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec [a] #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [[a]] #

(Read a, Read b) => Read (Either a b)

Since: base-3.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Read (Proxy t)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

(Ix a, Read a, Read b) => Read (Array a b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Read (U1 p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Read (V1 p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

(Ord k, Read k, Read e) => Read (Map k e) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (Map k e) #

readList :: ReadS [Map k e] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (Map k e) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [Map k e] #

(Read a, Read b) => Read (a, b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b)] #

Read a => Read (Const a b)

This instance would be equivalent to the derived instances of the Const newtype if the getConst field were removed

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Read (f p) => Read (Rec1 f p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (Rec1 f p) #

readList :: ReadS [Rec1 f p] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (Rec1 f p) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [Rec1 f p] #

Read a => Read (Constant a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Constant

(Read a, Read b, Read c) => Read (a, b, c)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c)] #

(Read (f p), Read (g p)) => Read ((f :*: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS ((f :*: g) p) #

readList :: ReadS [(f :*: g) p] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec ((f :*: g) p) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(f :*: g) p] #

(Read (f p), Read (g p)) => Read ((f :+: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS ((f :+: g) p) #

readList :: ReadS [(f :+: g) p] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec ((f :+: g) p) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(f :+: g) p] #

Read c => Read (K1 i c p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (K1 i c p) #

readList :: ReadS [K1 i c p] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (K1 i c p) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [K1 i c p] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d) => Read (a, b, c, d)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d)] #

Read (f (g p)) => Read ((f :.: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS ((f :.: g) p) #

readList :: ReadS [(f :.: g) p] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec ((f :.: g) p) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(f :.: g) p] #

Read (f p) => Read (M1 i c f p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (M1 i c f p) #

readList :: ReadS [M1 i c f p] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (M1 i c f p) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [M1 i c f p] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e) => Read (a, b, c, d, e)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d, e) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d, e)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d, e) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d, e)] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d, e, f) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d, e, f)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d, e, f) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d, e, f)] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g)] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h)] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i)] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j)] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j, Read k) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k)] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j, Read k, Read l) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l)] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j, Read k, Read l, Read m) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m)] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j, Read k, Read l, Read m, Read n) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n)] #

(Read a, Read b, Read c, Read d, Read e, Read f, Read g, Read h, Read i, Read j, Read k, Read l, Read m, Read n, Read o) => Read (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Methods

readsPrec :: Int -> ReadS (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) #

readList :: ReadS [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o)] #

readPrec :: ReadPrec (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) #

readListPrec :: ReadPrec [(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o)] #

class Eq a => Ord a where #

The Ord class is used for totally ordered datatypes.

Instances of Ord can be derived for any user-defined datatype whose constituent types are in Ord. The declared order of the constructors in the data declaration determines the ordering in derived Ord instances. The Ordering datatype allows a single comparison to determine the precise ordering of two objects.

Ord, as defined by the Haskell report, implements a total order and has the following properties:

Comparability
x <= y || y <= x = True
Transitivity
if x <= y && y <= z = True, then x <= z = True
Reflexivity
x <= x = True
Antisymmetry
if x <= y && y <= x = True, then x == y = True

The following operator interactions are expected to hold:

  1. x >= y = y <= x
  2. x < y = x <= y && x /= y
  3. x > y = y < x
  4. x < y = compare x y == LT
  5. x > y = compare x y == GT
  6. x == y = compare x y == EQ
  7. min x y == if x <= y then x else y = True
  8. max x y == if x >= y then x else y = True

Note that (7.) and (8.) do not require min and max to return either of their arguments. The result is merely required to equal one of the arguments in terms of (==).

Minimal complete definition: either compare or <=. Using compare can be more efficient for complex types.

Minimal complete definition

compare | (<=)

Methods

compare :: a -> a -> Ordering #

(<) :: a -> a -> Bool infix 4 #

(<=) :: a -> a -> Bool infix 4 #

(>) :: a -> a -> Bool infix 4 #

(>=) :: a -> a -> Bool infix 4 #

max :: a -> a -> a #

min :: a -> a -> a #

Instances

Instances details
Ord ASCIIString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord PrintableString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord UnicodeString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord SomeTypeRep 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Typeable.Internal

Ord IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Ord WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Ord Void

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

compare :: Void -> Void -> Ordering #

(<) :: Void -> Void -> Bool #

(<=) :: Void -> Void -> Bool #

(>) :: Void -> Void -> Bool #

(>=) :: Void -> Void -> Bool #

max :: Void -> Void -> Void #

min :: Void -> Void -> Void #

Ord ErrorCall

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Exception

Ord ArithException

Since: base-3.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Exception.Type

Ord Associativity

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Ord DecidedStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Ord Fixity

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Ord SourceStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Ord SourceUnpackedness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Ord SeekMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

Ord ArrayException

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Ord AsyncException

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Ord ExitCode 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Ord BufferMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Ord Newline

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Ord NewlineMode

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Ord IOMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.IOMode

Ord SomeNat

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.TypeNats

Ord Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Ord Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Ord Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Ord Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

compare :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Ordering #

(<) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

(<=) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

(>) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

(>=) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

max :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8 #

min :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8 #

Ord ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Ord ShortByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Short.Internal

Ord IntSet 
Instance details

Defined in Data.IntSet.Internal

Ord OsChar

Byte ordering of the internal representation.

Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Ord OsString

Byte ordering of the internal representation.

Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Ord PosixChar 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Ord PosixString 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Ord WindowsChar 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Ord WindowsString 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Ord Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Ord TyCon 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: TyCon -> TyCon -> Ordering #

(<) :: TyCon -> TyCon -> Bool #

(<=) :: TyCon -> TyCon -> Bool #

(>) :: TyCon -> TyCon -> Bool #

(>=) :: TyCon -> TyCon -> Bool #

max :: TyCon -> TyCon -> TyCon #

min :: TyCon -> TyCon -> TyCon #

Ord Alignment 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

compare :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Ordering #

(<) :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Bool #

(<=) :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Bool #

(>) :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Bool #

(>=) :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Bool #

max :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Alignment #

min :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Alignment #

Ord AnnLookup 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord AnnTarget 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Bang 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Bang -> Bang -> Ordering #

(<) :: Bang -> Bang -> Bool #

(<=) :: Bang -> Bang -> Bool #

(>) :: Bang -> Bang -> Bool #

(>=) :: Bang -> Bang -> Bool #

max :: Bang -> Bang -> Bang #

min :: Bang -> Bang -> Bang #

Ord Body 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Body -> Body -> Ordering #

(<) :: Body -> Body -> Bool #

(<=) :: Body -> Body -> Bool #

(>) :: Body -> Body -> Bool #

(>=) :: Body -> Body -> Bool #

max :: Body -> Body -> Body #

min :: Body -> Body -> Body #

Ord Bytes 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Bytes -> Bytes -> Ordering #

(<) :: Bytes -> Bytes -> Bool #

(<=) :: Bytes -> Bytes -> Bool #

(>) :: Bytes -> Bytes -> Bool #

(>=) :: Bytes -> Bytes -> Bool #

max :: Bytes -> Bytes -> Bytes #

min :: Bytes -> Bytes -> Bytes #

Ord Callconv 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Clause 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Con 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Con -> Con -> Ordering #

(<) :: Con -> Con -> Bool #

(<=) :: Con -> Con -> Bool #

(>) :: Con -> Con -> Bool #

(>=) :: Con -> Con -> Bool #

max :: Con -> Con -> Con #

min :: Con -> Con -> Con #

Ord Dec 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Dec -> Dec -> Ordering #

(<) :: Dec -> Dec -> Bool #

(<=) :: Dec -> Dec -> Bool #

(>) :: Dec -> Dec -> Bool #

(>=) :: Dec -> Dec -> Bool #

max :: Dec -> Dec -> Dec #

min :: Dec -> Dec -> Dec #

Ord DecidedStrictness 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord DerivClause 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord DerivStrategy 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord DocLoc 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Exp 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Exp -> Exp -> Ordering #

(<) :: Exp -> Exp -> Bool #

(<=) :: Exp -> Exp -> Bool #

(>) :: Exp -> Exp -> Bool #

(>=) :: Exp -> Exp -> Bool #

max :: Exp -> Exp -> Exp #

min :: Exp -> Exp -> Exp #

Ord FamilyResultSig 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Fixity 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord FixityDirection 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Foreign 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord FunDep 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Guard 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Guard -> Guard -> Ordering #

(<) :: Guard -> Guard -> Bool #

(<=) :: Guard -> Guard -> Bool #

(>) :: Guard -> Guard -> Bool #

(>=) :: Guard -> Guard -> Bool #

max :: Guard -> Guard -> Guard #

min :: Guard -> Guard -> Guard #

Ord Info 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Info -> Info -> Ordering #

(<) :: Info -> Info -> Bool #

(<=) :: Info -> Info -> Bool #

(>) :: Info -> Info -> Bool #

(>=) :: Info -> Info -> Bool #

max :: Info -> Info -> Info #

min :: Info -> Info -> Info #

Ord InjectivityAnn 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Inline 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Lit 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Lit -> Lit -> Ordering #

(<) :: Lit -> Lit -> Bool #

(<=) :: Lit -> Lit -> Bool #

(>) :: Lit -> Lit -> Bool #

(>=) :: Lit -> Lit -> Bool #

max :: Lit -> Lit -> Lit #

min :: Lit -> Lit -> Lit #

Ord Loc 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Loc -> Loc -> Ordering #

(<) :: Loc -> Loc -> Bool #

(<=) :: Loc -> Loc -> Bool #

(>) :: Loc -> Loc -> Bool #

(>=) :: Loc -> Loc -> Bool #

max :: Loc -> Loc -> Loc #

min :: Loc -> Loc -> Loc #

Ord Match 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Match -> Match -> Ordering #

(<) :: Match -> Match -> Bool #

(<=) :: Match -> Match -> Bool #

(>) :: Match -> Match -> Bool #

(>=) :: Match -> Match -> Bool #

max :: Match -> Match -> Match #

min :: Match -> Match -> Match #

Ord ModName 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Module 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord ModuleInfo 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Name 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Name -> Name -> Ordering #

(<) :: Name -> Name -> Bool #

(<=) :: Name -> Name -> Bool #

(>) :: Name -> Name -> Bool #

(>=) :: Name -> Name -> Bool #

max :: Name -> Name -> Name #

min :: Name -> Name -> Name #

Ord NameFlavour 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord NameSpace 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord OccName 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Overlap 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Pat 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Pat -> Pat -> Ordering #

(<) :: Pat -> Pat -> Bool #

(<=) :: Pat -> Pat -> Bool #

(>) :: Pat -> Pat -> Bool #

(>=) :: Pat -> Pat -> Bool #

max :: Pat -> Pat -> Pat #

min :: Pat -> Pat -> Pat #

Ord PatSynArgs 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord PatSynDir 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Phases 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord PkgName 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Pragma 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Range 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Range -> Range -> Ordering #

(<) :: Range -> Range -> Bool #

(<=) :: Range -> Range -> Bool #

(>) :: Range -> Range -> Bool #

(>=) :: Range -> Range -> Bool #

max :: Range -> Range -> Range #

min :: Range -> Range -> Range #

Ord Role 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Role -> Role -> Ordering #

(<) :: Role -> Role -> Bool #

(<=) :: Role -> Role -> Bool #

(>) :: Role -> Role -> Bool #

(>=) :: Role -> Role -> Bool #

max :: Role -> Role -> Role #

min :: Role -> Role -> Role #

Ord RuleBndr 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord RuleMatch 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Safety 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord SourceStrictness 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord SourceUnpackedness 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Specificity 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Stmt 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Stmt -> Stmt -> Ordering #

(<) :: Stmt -> Stmt -> Bool #

(<=) :: Stmt -> Stmt -> Bool #

(>) :: Stmt -> Stmt -> Bool #

(>=) :: Stmt -> Stmt -> Bool #

max :: Stmt -> Stmt -> Stmt #

min :: Stmt -> Stmt -> Stmt #

Ord TyLit 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: TyLit -> TyLit -> Ordering #

(<) :: TyLit -> TyLit -> Bool #

(<=) :: TyLit -> TyLit -> Bool #

(>) :: TyLit -> TyLit -> Bool #

(>=) :: TyLit -> TyLit -> Bool #

max :: TyLit -> TyLit -> TyLit #

min :: TyLit -> TyLit -> TyLit #

Ord TySynEqn 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord Type 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: Type -> Type -> Ordering #

(<) :: Type -> Type -> Bool #

(<=) :: Type -> Type -> Bool #

(>) :: Type -> Type -> Bool #

(>=) :: Type -> Type -> Bool #

max :: Type -> Type -> Type #

min :: Type -> Type -> Type #

Ord TypeFamilyHead 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Ord LocalTime 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Time.LocalTime.Internal.LocalTime

Ord Integer 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num.Integer

Ord Natural 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num.Natural

Ord () 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: () -> () -> Ordering #

(<) :: () -> () -> Bool #

(<=) :: () -> () -> Bool #

(>) :: () -> () -> Bool #

(>=) :: () -> () -> Bool #

max :: () -> () -> () #

min :: () -> () -> () #

Ord Bool 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: Bool -> Bool -> Ordering #

(<) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

(<=) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

(>) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

(>=) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

max :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

min :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

Ord Char 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: Char -> Char -> Ordering #

(<) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(<=) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(>) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(>=) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

max :: Char -> Char -> Char #

min :: Char -> Char -> Char #

Ord Double

Note that due to the presence of NaN, Double's Ord instance does not satisfy reflexivity.

>>> 0/0 <= (0/0 :: Double)
False

Also note that, due to the same, Ord's operator interactions are not respected by Double's instance:

>>> (0/0 :: Double) > 1
False
>>> compare (0/0 :: Double) 1
GT
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Ord Float

Note that due to the presence of NaN, Float's Ord instance does not satisfy reflexivity.

>>> 0/0 <= (0/0 :: Float)
False

Also note that, due to the same, Ord's operator interactions are not respected by Float's instance:

>>> (0/0 :: Float) > 1
False
>>> compare (0/0 :: Float) 1
GT
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: Float -> Float -> Ordering #

(<) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

(<=) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

(>) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

(>=) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

max :: Float -> Float -> Float #

min :: Float -> Float -> Float #

Ord Int 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: Int -> Int -> Ordering #

(<) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

(<=) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

(>) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

(>=) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

max :: Int -> Int -> Int #

min :: Int -> Int -> Int #

Ord Word 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: Word -> Word -> Ordering #

(<) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

(<=) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

(>) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

(>=) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

max :: Word -> Word -> Word #

min :: Word -> Word -> Word #

Ord a => Ord (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

(>) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

max :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

min :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

Ord a => Ord (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

(>) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

max :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

min :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

Ord a => Ord (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Large a -> Large a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

(>) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

max :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

min :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

Ord a => Ord (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

(>) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

max :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Negative a #

min :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Negative a #

Ord a => Ord (NonEmptyList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord a => Ord (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord a => Ord (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord a => Ord (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Ordering #

(<) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

(<=) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

(>) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

(>=) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

max :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> NonZero a #

min :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> NonZero a #

Ord a => Ord (OrderedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord a => Ord (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

(>) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

max :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Positive a #

min :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Positive a #

Ord a => Ord (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

(>) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

max :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

min :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

Ord a => Ord (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

compare :: Small a -> Small a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

(>) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

max :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

min :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

Ord a => Ord (SortedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Ord a => Ord (ZipList a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

compare :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Ordering #

(<) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

(<=) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

(>) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

(>=) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

max :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> ZipList a #

min :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> ZipList a #

Ord a => Ord (NonEmpty a)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

compare :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a -> Ordering #

(<) :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a -> Bool #

(<=) :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a -> Bool #

(>) :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a -> Bool #

(>=) :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a -> Bool #

max :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a #

min :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a #

Ord p => Ord (Par1 p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Ordering #

(<) :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Bool #

(<=) :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Bool #

(>) :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Bool #

(>=) :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Bool #

max :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Par1 p #

min :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Par1 p #

Ord (FunPtr a) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Ptr

Methods

compare :: FunPtr a -> FunPtr a -> Ordering #

(<) :: FunPtr a -> FunPtr a -> Bool #

(<=) :: FunPtr a -> FunPtr a -> Bool #

(>) :: FunPtr a -> FunPtr a -> Bool #

(>=) :: FunPtr a -> FunPtr a -> Bool #

max :: FunPtr a -> FunPtr a -> FunPtr a #

min :: FunPtr a -> FunPtr a -> FunPtr a #

Ord (Ptr a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Ptr

Methods

compare :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

(>) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

max :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Ptr a #

min :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Ptr a #

Integral a => Ord (Ratio a)

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

compare :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Bool #

(>) :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Bool #

max :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Ratio a #

min :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Ratio a #

Ord a => Ord (IntMap a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

compare :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> Ordering #

(<) :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> Bool #

(<=) :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> Bool #

(>) :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> Bool #

(>=) :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> Bool #

max :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a #

min :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> IntMap a #

Ord a => Ord (Seq a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

compare :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Bool #

(>) :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Bool #

max :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Seq a #

min :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Seq a #

Ord a => Ord (ViewL a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

compare :: ViewL a -> ViewL a -> Ordering #

(<) :: ViewL a -> ViewL a -> Bool #

(<=) :: ViewL a -> ViewL a -> Bool #

(>) :: ViewL a -> ViewL a -> Bool #

(>=) :: ViewL a -> ViewL a -> Bool #

max :: ViewL a -> ViewL a -> ViewL a #

min :: ViewL a -> ViewL a -> ViewL a #

Ord a => Ord (ViewR a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

compare :: ViewR a -> ViewR a -> Ordering #

(<) :: ViewR a -> ViewR a -> Bool #

(<=) :: ViewR a -> ViewR a -> Bool #

(>) :: ViewR a -> ViewR a -> Bool #

(>=) :: ViewR a -> ViewR a -> Bool #

max :: ViewR a -> ViewR a -> ViewR a #

min :: ViewR a -> ViewR a -> ViewR a #

Ord a => Ord (Intersection a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Ord a => Ord (Set a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Methods

compare :: Set a -> Set a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Set a -> Set a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Set a -> Set a -> Bool #

(>) :: Set a -> Set a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Set a -> Set a -> Bool #

max :: Set a -> Set a -> Set a #

min :: Set a -> Set a -> Set a #

Ord a => Ord (Tree a)

Since: containers-0.6.5

Instance details

Defined in Data.Tree

Methods

compare :: Tree a -> Tree a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Tree a -> Tree a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Tree a -> Tree a -> Bool #

(>) :: Tree a -> Tree a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Tree a -> Tree a -> Bool #

max :: Tree a -> Tree a -> Tree a #

min :: Tree a -> Tree a -> Tree a #

Ord a => Ord (Array a)

Lexicographic ordering. Subject to change between major versions.

Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

compare :: Array a -> Array a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Array a -> Array a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Array a -> Array a -> Bool #

(>) :: Array a -> Array a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Array a -> Array a -> Bool #

max :: Array a -> Array a -> Array a #

min :: Array a -> Array a -> Array a #

(Ord a, Prim a) => Ord (PrimArray a)

Lexicographic ordering. Subject to change between major versions.

Since: primitive-0.6.4.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.PrimArray

Ord a => Ord (SmallArray a)

Lexicographic ordering. Subject to change between major versions.

Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Ord (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Ord w => Ord (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

compare :: BE w -> BE w -> Ordering #

(<) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

(<=) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

(>) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

(>=) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

max :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

min :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

Ord w => Ord (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

compare :: LE w -> LE w -> Ordering #

(<) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

(<=) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

(>) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

(>=) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

max :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

min :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

Ord a => Ord (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

compare :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Ordering #

(<) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

(<=) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

(>) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

(>=) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

max :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

min :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

Ord g => Ord (StateGen g) 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

compare :: StateGen g -> StateGen g -> Ordering #

(<) :: StateGen g -> StateGen g -> Bool #

(<=) :: StateGen g -> StateGen g -> Bool #

(>) :: StateGen g -> StateGen g -> Bool #

(>=) :: StateGen g -> StateGen g -> Bool #

max :: StateGen g -> StateGen g -> StateGen g #

min :: StateGen g -> StateGen g -> StateGen g #

Ord flag => Ord (TyVarBndr flag) 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

compare :: TyVarBndr flag -> TyVarBndr flag -> Ordering #

(<) :: TyVarBndr flag -> TyVarBndr flag -> Bool #

(<=) :: TyVarBndr flag -> TyVarBndr flag -> Bool #

(>) :: TyVarBndr flag -> TyVarBndr flag -> Bool #

(>=) :: TyVarBndr flag -> TyVarBndr flag -> Bool #

max :: TyVarBndr flag -> TyVarBndr flag -> TyVarBndr flag #

min :: TyVarBndr flag -> TyVarBndr flag -> TyVarBndr flag #

(Prim a, Ord a) => Ord (Vector a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Primitive

Methods

compare :: Vector a -> Vector a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Vector a -> Vector a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Vector a -> Vector a -> Bool #

(>) :: Vector a -> Vector a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Vector a -> Vector a -> Bool #

max :: Vector a -> Vector a -> Vector a #

min :: Vector a -> Vector a -> Vector a #

Ord a => Ord (Maybe a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Maybe

Methods

compare :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

(>) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

max :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

min :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

Ord a => Ord (a) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a) -> (a) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a) -> (a) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a) -> (a) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a) -> (a) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a) -> (a) -> Bool #

max :: (a) -> (a) -> (a) #

min :: (a) -> (a) -> (a) #

Ord a => Ord [a] 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: [a] -> [a] -> Ordering #

(<) :: [a] -> [a] -> Bool #

(<=) :: [a] -> [a] -> Bool #

(>) :: [a] -> [a] -> Bool #

(>=) :: [a] -> [a] -> Bool #

max :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] #

min :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] #

(Ord a, Ord b) => Ord (Either a b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

compare :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Ordering #

(<) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

(<=) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

(>) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

(>=) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

max :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Either a b #

min :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Either a b #

Ord (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

compare :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Ordering #

(<) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

(<=) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

(>) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

(>=) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

max :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Proxy s #

min :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Proxy s #

Ord (TypeRep a)

Since: base-4.4.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Typeable.Internal

Methods

compare :: TypeRep a -> TypeRep a -> Ordering #

(<) :: TypeRep a -> TypeRep a -> Bool #

(<=) :: TypeRep a -> TypeRep a -> Bool #

(>) :: TypeRep a -> TypeRep a -> Bool #

(>=) :: TypeRep a -> TypeRep a -> Bool #

max :: TypeRep a -> TypeRep a -> TypeRep a #

min :: TypeRep a -> TypeRep a -> TypeRep a #

Ord (U1 p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: U1 p -> U1 p -> Ordering #

(<) :: U1 p -> U1 p -> Bool #

(<=) :: U1 p -> U1 p -> Bool #

(>) :: U1 p -> U1 p -> Bool #

(>=) :: U1 p -> U1 p -> Bool #

max :: U1 p -> U1 p -> U1 p #

min :: U1 p -> U1 p -> U1 p #

Ord (V1 p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: V1 p -> V1 p -> Ordering #

(<) :: V1 p -> V1 p -> Bool #

(<=) :: V1 p -> V1 p -> Bool #

(>) :: V1 p -> V1 p -> Bool #

(>=) :: V1 p -> V1 p -> Bool #

max :: V1 p -> V1 p -> V1 p #

min :: V1 p -> V1 p -> V1 p #

(Ord k, Ord v) => Ord (Map k v) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

compare :: Map k v -> Map k v -> Ordering #

(<) :: Map k v -> Map k v -> Bool #

(<=) :: Map k v -> Map k v -> Bool #

(>) :: Map k v -> Map k v -> Bool #

(>=) :: Map k v -> Map k v -> Bool #

max :: Map k v -> Map k v -> Map k v #

min :: Map k v -> Map k v -> Map k v #

(Ord a, Ord b) => Ord (a, b) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> (a, b) #

min :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> (a, b) #

Ord a => Ord (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

compare :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Ordering #

(<) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

(<=) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

(>) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

(>=) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

max :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

min :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

(Generic1 f, Ord (Rep1 f a)) => Ord (Generically1 f a)

Since: base-4.18.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Ord (f p) => Ord (Rec1 f p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Ordering #

(<) :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Bool #

(<=) :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Bool #

(>) :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Bool #

(>=) :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Bool #

max :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p #

min :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p #

Ord (URec (Ptr ()) p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

max :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p #

min :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p #

Ord (URec Char p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

max :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> URec Char p #

min :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> URec Char p #

Ord (URec Double p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

max :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> URec Double p #

min :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> URec Double p #

Ord (URec Float p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

max :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> URec Float p #

min :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> URec Float p #

Ord (URec Int p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

max :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> URec Int p #

min :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> URec Int p #

Ord (URec Word p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

max :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> URec Word p #

min :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> URec Word p #

Ord a => Ord (Constant a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Constant

Methods

compare :: Constant a b -> Constant a b -> Ordering #

(<) :: Constant a b -> Constant a b -> Bool #

(<=) :: Constant a b -> Constant a b -> Bool #

(>) :: Constant a b -> Constant a b -> Bool #

(>=) :: Constant a b -> Constant a b -> Bool #

max :: Constant a b -> Constant a b -> Constant a b #

min :: Constant a b -> Constant a b -> Constant a b #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c) => Ord (a, b, c) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) #

min :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) #

(Ord (f p), Ord (g p)) => Ord ((f :*: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p -> Ordering #

(<) :: (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p -> Bool #

(<=) :: (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p -> Bool #

(>) :: (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p -> Bool #

(>=) :: (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p -> Bool #

max :: (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p #

min :: (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p #

(Ord (f p), Ord (g p)) => Ord ((f :+: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p -> Ordering #

(<) :: (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p -> Bool #

(<=) :: (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p -> Bool #

(>) :: (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p -> Bool #

(>=) :: (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p -> Bool #

max :: (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p #

min :: (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p #

Ord c => Ord (K1 i c p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> Ordering #

(<) :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> Bool #

(<=) :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> Bool #

(>) :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> Bool #

(>=) :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> Bool #

max :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> K1 i c p #

min :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> K1 i c p #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d) => Ord (a, b, c, d) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) #

min :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) #

Ord (f (g p)) => Ord ((f :.: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> Ordering #

(<) :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> Bool #

(<=) :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> Bool #

(>) :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> Bool #

(>=) :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> Bool #

max :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p #

min :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p #

Ord (f p) => Ord (M1 i c f p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> Ordering #

(<) :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> Bool #

(<=) :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> Bool #

(>) :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> Bool #

(>=) :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> Bool #

max :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p #

min :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d, Ord e) => Ord (a, b, c, d, e) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) #

min :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d, Ord e, Ord f) => Ord (a, b, c, d, e, f) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) #

min :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d, Ord e, Ord f, Ord g) => Ord (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) #

min :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d, Ord e, Ord f, Ord g, Ord h) => Ord (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) #

min :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d, Ord e, Ord f, Ord g, Ord h, Ord i) => Ord (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) #

min :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d, Ord e, Ord f, Ord g, Ord h, Ord i, Ord j) => Ord (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) #

min :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d, Ord e, Ord f, Ord g, Ord h, Ord i, Ord j, Ord k) => Ord (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) #

min :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d, Ord e, Ord f, Ord g, Ord h, Ord i, Ord j, Ord k, Ord l) => Ord (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) #

min :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d, Ord e, Ord f, Ord g, Ord h, Ord i, Ord j, Ord k, Ord l, Ord m) => Ord (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) #

min :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d, Ord e, Ord f, Ord g, Ord h, Ord i, Ord j, Ord k, Ord l, Ord m, Ord n) => Ord (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) #

min :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) #

(Ord a, Ord b, Ord c, Ord d, Ord e, Ord f, Ord g, Ord h, Ord i, Ord j, Ord k, Ord l, Ord m, Ord n, Ord o) => Ord (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> Ordering #

(<) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> Bool #

(<=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> Bool #

(>) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> Bool #

(>=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> Bool #

max :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) #

min :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) #

type Selector a = a -> Bool #

A Selector is a predicate; it can simultaneously constrain the type and value of an exception.

newtype S #

Constructors

S WORD 

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary S Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen S #

shrink :: S -> [S] #

IsString S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

fromString :: String -> S #

Storable S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

sizeOf :: S -> Int #

alignment :: S -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr S -> Int -> IO S #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr S -> Int -> S -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO S #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> S -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr S -> IO S #

poke :: Ptr S -> S -> IO () #

Show S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> S -> ShowS #

show :: S -> String #

showList :: [S] -> ShowS #

Eq S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

(==) :: S -> S -> Bool #

(/=) :: S -> S -> Bool #

Encodable S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

EndianStore S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

store :: Ptr S -> S -> IO () #

load :: Ptr S -> IO S #

adjustEndian :: Ptr S -> Int -> IO () #

Equality S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

eq :: S -> S -> Result #

newtype R #

Constructors

R WORD 

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary R Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen R #

shrink :: R -> [R] #

IsString R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

fromString :: String -> R #

Storable R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

sizeOf :: R -> Int #

alignment :: R -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr R -> Int -> IO R #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr R -> Int -> R -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO R #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> R -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr R -> IO R #

poke :: Ptr R -> R -> IO () #

Show R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> R -> ShowS #

show :: R -> String #

showList :: [R] -> ShowS #

Eq R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

(==) :: R -> R -> Bool #

(/=) :: R -> R -> Bool #

Encodable R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

EndianStore R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

store :: Ptr R -> R -> IO () #

load :: Ptr R -> IO R #

adjustEndian :: Ptr R -> Int -> IO () #

Equality R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

eq :: R -> R -> Result #

type Rational = Ratio Integer #

Arbitrary-precision rational numbers, represented as a ratio of two Integer values. A rational number may be constructed using the % operator.

class Num a => Fractional a where #

Fractional numbers, supporting real division.

The Haskell Report defines no laws for Fractional. However, (+) and (*) are customarily expected to define a division ring and have the following properties:

recip gives the multiplicative inverse
x * recip x = recip x * x = fromInteger 1
Totality of toRational
toRational is total
Coherence with toRational
if the type also implements Real, then fromRational is a left inverse for toRational, i.e. fromRational (toRational i) = i

Note that it isn't customarily expected that a type instance of Fractional implement a field. However, all instances in base do.

Minimal complete definition

fromRational, (recip | (/))

Methods

(/) :: a -> a -> a infixl 7 #

Fractional division.

recip :: a -> a #

Reciprocal fraction.

fromRational :: Rational -> a #

Conversion from a Rational (that is Ratio Integer). A floating literal stands for an application of fromRational to a value of type Rational, so such literals have type (Fractional a) => a.

Instances

Instances details
Integral a => Fractional (Ratio a)

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

(/) :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Ratio a #

recip :: Ratio a -> Ratio a #

fromRational :: Rational -> Ratio a #

Fractional a => Fractional (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

(/) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

recip :: Const a b -> Const a b #

fromRational :: Rational -> Const a b #

class (Num a, Ord a) => Real a where #

Real numbers.

The Haskell report defines no laws for Real, however Real instances are customarily expected to adhere to the following law:

Coherence with fromRational
if the type also implements Fractional, then fromRational is a left inverse for toRational, i.e. fromRational (toRational i) = i

Methods

toRational :: a -> Rational #

the rational equivalent of its real argument with full precision

Instances

Instances details
Real IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Real WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Real Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Real Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Real Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Real Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

toRational :: Word8 -> Rational #

Real Integer

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Real Natural

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Real Int

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

toRational :: Int -> Rational #

Real Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

toRational :: Word -> Rational #

Real a => Real (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

toRational :: Blind a -> Rational #

Real a => Real (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

toRational :: Fixed a -> Rational #

Real a => Real (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

toRational :: Large a -> Rational #

Real a => Real (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

toRational :: Shrink2 a -> Rational #

Real a => Real (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

toRational :: Small a -> Rational #

Integral a => Real (Ratio a)

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

toRational :: Ratio a -> Rational #

Real w => Real (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

toRational :: BE w -> Rational #

Real w => Real (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

toRational :: LE w -> Rational #

Real a => Real (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

toRational :: BYTES a -> Rational #

Real a => Real (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

toRational :: Const a b -> Rational #

class Eq a where #

The Eq class defines equality (==) and inequality (/=). All the basic datatypes exported by the Prelude are instances of Eq, and Eq may be derived for any datatype whose constituents are also instances of Eq.

The Haskell Report defines no laws for Eq. However, instances are encouraged to follow these properties:

Reflexivity
x == x = True
Symmetry
x == y = y == x
Transitivity
if x == y && y == z = True, then x == z = True
Extensionality
if x == y = True and f is a function whose return type is an instance of Eq, then f x == f y = True
Negation
x /= y = not (x == y)

Minimal complete definition: either == or /=.

Minimal complete definition

(==) | (/=)

Methods

(==) :: a -> a -> Bool infix 4 #

(/=) :: a -> a -> Bool infix 4 #

Instances

Instances details
Eq FailureReason 
Instance details

Defined in Test.HUnit.Lang

Eq HUnitFailure 
Instance details

Defined in Test.HUnit.Lang

Eq Result 
Instance details

Defined in Test.HUnit.Lang

Methods

(==) :: Result -> Result -> Bool #

(/=) :: Result -> Result -> Bool #

Eq Shrunk 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

(==) :: Shrunk -> Shrunk -> Bool #

(/=) :: Shrunk -> Shrunk -> Bool #

Eq ASCIIString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq PrintableString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq UnicodeString 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq SomeTypeRep 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Typeable.Internal

Eq IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Methods

(==) :: IntPtr -> IntPtr -> Bool #

(/=) :: IntPtr -> IntPtr -> Bool #

Eq WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Methods

(==) :: WordPtr -> WordPtr -> Bool #

(/=) :: WordPtr -> WordPtr -> Bool #

Eq Void

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(==) :: Void -> Void -> Bool #

(/=) :: Void -> Void -> Bool #

Eq ErrorCall

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Exception

Eq ArithException

Since: base-3.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Exception.Type

Eq Associativity

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Eq DecidedStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Eq Fixity

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: Fixity -> Fixity -> Bool #

(/=) :: Fixity -> Fixity -> Bool #

Eq SourceStrictness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Eq SourceUnpackedness

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Eq MaskingState

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO

Eq IODeviceType

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

Eq SeekMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

Eq CodingProgress

Since: base-4.4.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Encoding.Types

Eq ArrayException

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Eq AsyncException

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Eq ExitCode 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Eq IOErrorType

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Eq IOException

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Exception

Eq HandlePosn

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle

Eq BufferMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Eq Handle

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Methods

(==) :: Handle -> Handle -> Bool #

(/=) :: Handle -> Handle -> Bool #

Eq Newline

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Methods

(==) :: Newline -> Newline -> Bool #

(/=) :: Newline -> Newline -> Bool #

Eq NewlineMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Eq IOMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.IOMode

Methods

(==) :: IOMode -> IOMode -> Bool #

(/=) :: IOMode -> IOMode -> Bool #

Eq SrcLoc

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Stack.Types

Methods

(==) :: SrcLoc -> SrcLoc -> Bool #

(/=) :: SrcLoc -> SrcLoc -> Bool #

Eq SomeNat

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.TypeNats

Methods

(==) :: SomeNat -> SomeNat -> Bool #

(/=) :: SomeNat -> SomeNat -> Bool #

Eq Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

(==) :: Word16 -> Word16 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Word16 -> Word16 -> Bool #

Eq Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

(==) :: Word32 -> Word32 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Word32 -> Word32 -> Bool #

Eq Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

(==) :: Word64 -> Word64 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Word64 -> Word64 -> Bool #

Eq Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

(==) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

Eq ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Eq ShortByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Short.Internal

Eq IntSet 
Instance details

Defined in Data.IntSet.Internal

Methods

(==) :: IntSet -> IntSet -> Bool #

(/=) :: IntSet -> IntSet -> Bool #

Eq OsChar

Byte equality of the internal representation.

Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Methods

(==) :: OsChar -> OsChar -> Bool #

(/=) :: OsChar -> OsChar -> Bool #

Eq OsString

Byte equality of the internal representation.

Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Eq PosixChar 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Eq PosixString 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Eq WindowsChar 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Eq WindowsString 
Instance details

Defined in System.OsString.Internal.Types

Eq Module 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Module -> Module -> Bool #

(/=) :: Module -> Module -> Bool #

Eq Ordering 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Eq TrName 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: TrName -> TrName -> Bool #

(/=) :: TrName -> TrName -> Bool #

Eq TyCon 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: TyCon -> TyCon -> Bool #

(/=) :: TyCon -> TyCon -> Bool #

Eq ProgressReporting 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Runner

Methods

(==) :: ProgressReporting -> ProgressReporting -> Bool #

(/=) :: ProgressReporting -> ProgressReporting -> Bool #

Eq UseColor 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Runner

Methods

(==) :: UseColor -> UseColor -> Bool #

(/=) :: UseColor -> UseColor -> Bool #

Eq Mode 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

(==) :: Mode -> Mode -> Bool #

(/=) :: Mode -> Mode -> Bool #

Eq Style 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

(==) :: Style -> Style -> Bool #

(/=) :: Style -> Style -> Bool #

Eq TextDetails 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Eq Doc 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.HughesPJ

Methods

(==) :: Doc -> Doc -> Bool #

(/=) :: Doc -> Doc -> Bool #

Eq Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Methods

(==) :: Base16 -> Base16 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Base16 -> Base16 -> Bool #

Eq Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Methods

(==) :: Base64 -> Base64 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Base64 -> Base64 -> Bool #

Eq Alignment 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

(==) :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Bool #

(/=) :: Alignment -> Alignment -> Bool #

Eq Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Eq R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

(==) :: R -> R -> Bool #

(/=) :: R -> R -> Bool #

Eq S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

(==) :: S -> S -> Bool #

(/=) :: S -> S -> Bool #

Eq StdGen 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

(==) :: StdGen -> StdGen -> Bool #

(/=) :: StdGen -> StdGen -> Bool #

Eq AnnLookup 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq AnnTarget 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq Bang 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Bang -> Bang -> Bool #

(/=) :: Bang -> Bang -> Bool #

Eq Body 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Body -> Body -> Bool #

(/=) :: Body -> Body -> Bool #

Eq Bytes 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Bytes -> Bytes -> Bool #

(/=) :: Bytes -> Bytes -> Bool #

Eq Callconv 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq Clause 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Clause -> Clause -> Bool #

(/=) :: Clause -> Clause -> Bool #

Eq Con 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Con -> Con -> Bool #

(/=) :: Con -> Con -> Bool #

Eq Dec 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Dec -> Dec -> Bool #

(/=) :: Dec -> Dec -> Bool #

Eq DecidedStrictness 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq DerivClause 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq DerivStrategy 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq DocLoc 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: DocLoc -> DocLoc -> Bool #

(/=) :: DocLoc -> DocLoc -> Bool #

Eq Exp 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Exp -> Exp -> Bool #

(/=) :: Exp -> Exp -> Bool #

Eq FamilyResultSig 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq Fixity 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Fixity -> Fixity -> Bool #

(/=) :: Fixity -> Fixity -> Bool #

Eq FixityDirection 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq Foreign 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Foreign -> Foreign -> Bool #

(/=) :: Foreign -> Foreign -> Bool #

Eq FunDep 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: FunDep -> FunDep -> Bool #

(/=) :: FunDep -> FunDep -> Bool #

Eq Guard 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Guard -> Guard -> Bool #

(/=) :: Guard -> Guard -> Bool #

Eq Info 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Info -> Info -> Bool #

(/=) :: Info -> Info -> Bool #

Eq InjectivityAnn 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq Inline 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Inline -> Inline -> Bool #

(/=) :: Inline -> Inline -> Bool #

Eq Lit 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Lit -> Lit -> Bool #

(/=) :: Lit -> Lit -> Bool #

Eq Loc 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Loc -> Loc -> Bool #

(/=) :: Loc -> Loc -> Bool #

Eq Match 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Match -> Match -> Bool #

(/=) :: Match -> Match -> Bool #

Eq ModName 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: ModName -> ModName -> Bool #

(/=) :: ModName -> ModName -> Bool #

Eq Module 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Module -> Module -> Bool #

(/=) :: Module -> Module -> Bool #

Eq ModuleInfo 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq Name 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Name -> Name -> Bool #

(/=) :: Name -> Name -> Bool #

Eq NameFlavour 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq NameSpace 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq OccName 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: OccName -> OccName -> Bool #

(/=) :: OccName -> OccName -> Bool #

Eq Overlap 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Overlap -> Overlap -> Bool #

(/=) :: Overlap -> Overlap -> Bool #

Eq Pat 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Pat -> Pat -> Bool #

(/=) :: Pat -> Pat -> Bool #

Eq PatSynArgs 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq PatSynDir 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq Phases 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Phases -> Phases -> Bool #

(/=) :: Phases -> Phases -> Bool #

Eq PkgName 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: PkgName -> PkgName -> Bool #

(/=) :: PkgName -> PkgName -> Bool #

Eq Pragma 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Pragma -> Pragma -> Bool #

(/=) :: Pragma -> Pragma -> Bool #

Eq Range 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Range -> Range -> Bool #

(/=) :: Range -> Range -> Bool #

Eq Role 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Role -> Role -> Bool #

(/=) :: Role -> Role -> Bool #

Eq RuleBndr 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq RuleMatch 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq Safety 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Safety -> Safety -> Bool #

(/=) :: Safety -> Safety -> Bool #

Eq SourceStrictness 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq SourceUnpackedness 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq Specificity 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq Stmt 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Stmt -> Stmt -> Bool #

(/=) :: Stmt -> Stmt -> Bool #

Eq TyLit 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: TyLit -> TyLit -> Bool #

(/=) :: TyLit -> TyLit -> Bool #

Eq TySynEqn 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq Type 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: Type -> Type -> Bool #

(/=) :: Type -> Type -> Bool #

Eq TypeFamilyHead 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Eq LocalTime 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Time.LocalTime.Internal.LocalTime

Eq Integer 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num.Integer

Methods

(==) :: Integer -> Integer -> Bool #

(/=) :: Integer -> Integer -> Bool #

Eq Natural 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num.Natural

Methods

(==) :: Natural -> Natural -> Bool #

(/=) :: Natural -> Natural -> Bool #

Eq () 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: () -> () -> Bool #

(/=) :: () -> () -> Bool #

Eq Bool 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

(/=) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool #

Eq Char 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(/=) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

Eq Double

Note that due to the presence of NaN, Double's Eq instance does not satisfy reflexivity.

>>> 0/0 == (0/0 :: Double)
False

Also note that Double's Eq instance does not satisfy substitutivity:

>>> 0 == (-0 :: Double)
True
>>> recip 0 == recip (-0 :: Double)
False
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Double -> Double -> Bool #

(/=) :: Double -> Double -> Bool #

Eq Float

Note that due to the presence of NaN, Float's Eq instance does not satisfy reflexivity.

>>> 0/0 == (0/0 :: Float)
False

Also note that Float's Eq instance does not satisfy extensionality:

>>> 0 == (-0 :: Float)
True
>>> recip 0 == recip (-0 :: Float)
False
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

(/=) :: Float -> Float -> Bool #

Eq Int 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

(/=) :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

Eq Word 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

(/=) :: Word -> Word -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Large a -> Large a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Negative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Negative a -> Negative a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (NonEmptyList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq a => Eq (NonNegative a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq a => Eq (NonPositive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq a => Eq (NonZero a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

(/=) :: NonZero a -> NonZero a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (OrderedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Eq a => Eq (Positive a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Positive a -> Positive a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Small a -> Small a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (SortedList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(==) :: SortedList a -> SortedList a -> Bool #

(/=) :: SortedList a -> SortedList a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (ZipList a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

(==) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

(/=) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(==) :: And a -> And a -> Bool #

(/=) :: And a -> And a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(==) :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(==) :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(==) :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (NonEmpty a)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

(==) :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a -> Bool #

(/=) :: NonEmpty a -> NonEmpty a -> Bool #

Eq p => Eq (Par1 p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Bool #

(/=) :: Par1 p -> Par1 p -> Bool #

Eq (FunPtr a) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Ptr

Methods

(==) :: FunPtr a -> FunPtr a -> Bool #

(/=) :: FunPtr a -> FunPtr a -> Bool #

Eq (Ptr a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Ptr

Methods

(==) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Ratio a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

(==) :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (IntMap a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

(==) :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> Bool #

(/=) :: IntMap a -> IntMap a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Seq a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

(==) :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (ViewL a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

(==) :: ViewL a -> ViewL a -> Bool #

(/=) :: ViewL a -> ViewL a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (ViewR a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

(==) :: ViewR a -> ViewR a -> Bool #

(/=) :: ViewR a -> ViewR a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Intersection a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Eq a => Eq (Set a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Methods

(==) :: Set a -> Set a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Set a -> Set a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Tree a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Tree

Methods

(==) :: Tree a -> Tree a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Tree a -> Tree a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (AnnotDetails a) 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Eq (Doc a) 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

(==) :: Doc a -> Doc a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Doc a -> Doc a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Span a) 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

(==) :: Span a -> Span a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Span a -> Span a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Array a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

(==) :: Array a -> Array a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Array a -> Array a -> Bool #

(Eq a, Prim a) => Eq (PrimArray a)

Since: primitive-0.6.4.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.PrimArray

Methods

(==) :: PrimArray a -> PrimArray a -> Bool #

(/=) :: PrimArray a -> PrimArray a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (SmallArray a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Methods

(==) :: SmallArray a -> SmallArray a -> Bool #

(/=) :: SmallArray a -> SmallArray a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (FillResult a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Methods

(==) :: FillResult a -> FillResult a -> Bool #

(/=) :: FillResult a -> FillResult a -> Bool #

Eq (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Methods

(==) :: BlockCount p -> BlockCount p -> Bool #

(/=) :: BlockCount p -> BlockCount p -> Bool #

Eq (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Eq (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Eq w => Eq (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(==) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

(/=) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

Eq w => Eq (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(==) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

(/=) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

(==) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

(/=) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

(Unbox w, Equality w) => Eq (Blake2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

(==) :: Blake2 w -> Blake2 w -> Bool #

(/=) :: Blake2 w -> Blake2 w -> Bool #

Eq prim => Eq (Keyed prim) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

(==) :: Keyed prim -> Keyed prim -> Bool #

(/=) :: Keyed prim -> Keyed prim -> Bool #

(Unbox w, Equality w) => Eq (Sha2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

(==) :: Sha2 w -> Sha2 w -> Bool #

(/=) :: Sha2 w -> Sha2 w -> Bool #

Eq g => Eq (StateGen g) 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

(==) :: StateGen g -> StateGen g -> Bool #

(/=) :: StateGen g -> StateGen g -> Bool #

Eq flag => Eq (TyVarBndr flag) 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

(==) :: TyVarBndr flag -> TyVarBndr flag -> Bool #

(/=) :: TyVarBndr flag -> TyVarBndr flag -> Bool #

(Prim a, Eq a) => Eq (Vector a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Primitive

Methods

(==) :: Vector a -> Vector a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Vector a -> Vector a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Maybe a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Maybe

Methods

(==) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (a) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a) -> (a) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a) -> (a) -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq [a] 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: [a] -> [a] -> Bool #

(/=) :: [a] -> [a] -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b) => Eq (Either a b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

(==) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

(/=) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

Eq (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

(==) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

(/=) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

Eq (TypeRep a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Typeable.Internal

Methods

(==) :: TypeRep a -> TypeRep a -> Bool #

(/=) :: TypeRep a -> TypeRep a -> Bool #

Eq (U1 p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: U1 p -> U1 p -> Bool #

(/=) :: U1 p -> U1 p -> Bool #

Eq (V1 p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: V1 p -> V1 p -> Bool #

(/=) :: V1 p -> V1 p -> Bool #

(Eq k, Eq a) => Eq (Map k a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

(==) :: Map k a -> Map k a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Map k a -> Map k a -> Bool #

Eq (MutableArray s a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

(==) :: MutableArray s a -> MutableArray s a -> Bool #

(/=) :: MutableArray s a -> MutableArray s a -> Bool #

Eq (MutablePrimArray s a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.PrimArray

Eq (SmallMutableArray s a) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

(Unbox a, Equality a) => Eq (Tuple dim a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Tuple

Methods

(==) :: Tuple dim a -> Tuple dim a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Tuple dim a -> Tuple dim a -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b) => Eq (a, b) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

(==) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

(/=) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

(Generic1 f, Eq (Rep1 f a)) => Eq (Generically1 f a)

Since: base-4.18.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f a -> Bool #

Eq (f p) => Eq (Rec1 f p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Bool #

(/=) :: Rec1 f p -> Rec1 f p -> Bool #

Eq (URec (Ptr ()) p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

Eq (URec Char p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

Eq (URec Double p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec Double p -> URec Double p -> Bool #

Eq (URec Float p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec Float p -> URec Float p -> Bool #

Eq (URec Int p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec Int p -> URec Int p -> Bool #

Eq (URec Word p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec Word p -> URec Word p -> Bool #

Eq a => Eq (Constant a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Constant

Methods

(==) :: Constant a b -> Constant a b -> Bool #

(/=) :: Constant a b -> Constant a b -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c) => Eq (a, b, c) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> Bool #

(Eq (f p), Eq (g p)) => Eq ((f :*: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p -> Bool #

(/=) :: (f :*: g) p -> (f :*: g) p -> Bool #

(Eq (f p), Eq (g p)) => Eq ((f :+: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p -> Bool #

(/=) :: (f :+: g) p -> (f :+: g) p -> Bool #

Eq c => Eq (K1 i c p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> Bool #

(/=) :: K1 i c p -> K1 i c p -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d) => Eq (a, b, c, d) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> Bool #

Eq (f (g p)) => Eq ((f :.: g) p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> Bool #

(/=) :: (f :.: g) p -> (f :.: g) p -> Bool #

Eq (f p) => Eq (M1 i c f p)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> Bool #

(/=) :: M1 i c f p -> M1 i c f p -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j, Eq k) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k) -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j, Eq k, Eq l) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j, Eq k, Eq l, Eq m) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m) -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j, Eq k, Eq l, Eq m, Eq n) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n) -> Bool #

(Eq a, Eq b, Eq c, Eq d, Eq e, Eq f, Eq g, Eq h, Eq i, Eq j, Eq k, Eq l, Eq m, Eq n, Eq o) => Eq (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> Bool #

(/=) :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o) -> Bool #

data Word8 #

8-bit unsigned integer type

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen Word8 #

shrink :: Word8 -> [Word8] #

CoArbitrary Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Word8 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Word8 -> b) -> Word8 :-> b #

IsString WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

fromString :: String -> WriteTo #

Storable Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Word8 -> Int #

alignment :: Word8 -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Word8 -> Int -> IO Word8 #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Word8 -> Int -> Word8 -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Word8 #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Word8 -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Word8 -> IO Word8 #

poke :: Ptr Word8 -> Word8 -> IO () #

Bits Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

FiniteBits Word8

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bounded Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Enum Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Ix Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Num Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Read Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Integral Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Real Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

toRational :: Word8 -> Rational #

Show Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Word8 -> ShowS #

show :: Word8 -> String #

showList :: [Word8] -> ShowS #

NFData Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Word8 -> () #

Eq Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

(==) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

Ord Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

compare :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Ordering #

(<) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

(<=) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

(>) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

(>=) :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Bool #

max :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8 #

min :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Word8 #

Encodable Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

EndianStore Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr Word8 -> Word8 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr Word8 -> IO Word8 #

adjustEndian :: Ptr Word8 -> Int -> IO () #

Equality Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Result #

Random Word8 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random

Methods

randomR :: RandomGen g => (Word8, Word8) -> g -> (Word8, g) #

random :: RandomGen g => g -> (Word8, g) #

randomRs :: RandomGen g => (Word8, Word8) -> g -> [Word8] #

randoms :: RandomGen g => g -> [Word8] #

Uniform Word8 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformM :: StatefulGen g m => g -> m Word8 #

UniformRange Word8 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformRM :: StatefulGen g m => (Word8, Word8) -> g -> m Word8 #

Unbox Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Lift Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Word8 -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Word8 -> Code m Word8 #

Vector Vector Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

MVector MVector Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Distributive (BYTES Int) (TransferAction t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

LAction (BYTES Int) (TransferAction t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

(<.>) :: BYTES Int -> TransferAction t -> TransferAction t

newtype Vector Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype MVector s Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

data Handle #

Haskell defines operations to read and write characters from and to files, represented by values of type Handle. Each value of this type is a handle: a record used by the Haskell run-time system to manage I/O with file system objects. A handle has at least the following properties:

  • whether it manages input or output or both;
  • whether it is open, closed or semi-closed;
  • whether the object is seekable;
  • whether buffering is disabled, or enabled on a line or block basis;
  • a buffer (whose length may be zero).

Most handles will also have a current I/O position indicating where the next input or output operation will occur. A handle is readable if it manages only input or both input and output; likewise, it is writable if it manages only output or both input and output. A handle is open when first allocated. Once it is closed it can no longer be used for either input or output, though an implementation cannot re-use its storage while references remain to it. Handles are in the Show and Eq classes. The string produced by showing a handle is system dependent; it should include enough information to identify the handle for debugging. A handle is equal according to == only to itself; no attempt is made to compare the internal state of different handles for equality.

Instances

Instances details
Show Handle

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Eq Handle

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Methods

(==) :: Handle -> Handle -> Bool #

(/=) :: Handle -> Handle -> Bool #

ByteSource Handle 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Methods

fillBytes :: BYTES Int -> Handle -> Ptr a -> IO (FillResult Handle) #

data Word64 #

64-bit unsigned integer type

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary Blake2b Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary Sha512 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

CoArbitrary Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Word64 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Word64 -> b) -> Word64 :-> b #

Storable Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Bits Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

FiniteBits Word64

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bounded Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Enum Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Ix Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Num Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Read Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Integral Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Real Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Show Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

NFData Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Word64 -> () #

Eq Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

(==) :: Word64 -> Word64 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Word64 -> Word64 -> Bool #

Ord Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Equality Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: Word64 -> Word64 -> Result #

KeyedHash Blake2b 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

hashInit :: BYTES Int -> Blake2b

Random Word64 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random

Methods

randomR :: RandomGen g => (Word64, Word64) -> g -> (Word64, g) #

random :: RandomGen g => g -> (Word64, g) #

randomRs :: RandomGen g => (Word64, Word64) -> g -> [Word64] #

randoms :: RandomGen g => g -> [Word64] #

Uniform Word64 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformM :: StatefulGen g m => g -> m Word64 #

UniformRange Word64 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformRM :: StatefulGen g m => (Word64, Word64) -> g -> m Word64 #

Unbox Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Initialisable Blake2bMem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Blake2bMem -> IO () #

Initialisable Sha512Mem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Sha512Mem -> IO () #

Lift Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Word64 -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Word64 -> Code m Word64 #

Vector Vector Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

MVector MVector Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Encodable (BE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable (LE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

EndianStore (BE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (BE Word64) -> BE Word64 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (BE Word64) -> IO (BE Word64) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (BE Word64) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore (LE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (LE Word64) -> LE Word64 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (LE Word64) -> IO (LE Word64) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (LE Word64) -> Int -> IO () #

newtype Vector Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype MVector s Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

data Word32 #

32-bit unsigned integer type

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Arbitrary Blake2s Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary Sha256 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

CoArbitrary Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Word32 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Word32 -> b) -> Word32 :-> b #

Storable Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Bits Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

FiniteBits Word32

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bounded Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Enum Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Ix Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Num Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Read Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Integral Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Real Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Show Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

NFData Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Word32 -> () #

Eq Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

(==) :: Word32 -> Word32 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Word32 -> Word32 -> Bool #

Ord Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Equality Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: Word32 -> Word32 -> Result #

KeyedHash Blake2s 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

hashInit :: BYTES Int -> Blake2s

Random Word32 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random

Methods

randomR :: RandomGen g => (Word32, Word32) -> g -> (Word32, g) #

random :: RandomGen g => g -> (Word32, g) #

randomRs :: RandomGen g => (Word32, Word32) -> g -> [Word32] #

randoms :: RandomGen g => g -> [Word32] #

Uniform Word32 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformM :: StatefulGen g m => g -> m Word32 #

UniformRange Word32 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformRM :: StatefulGen g m => (Word32, Word32) -> g -> m Word32 #

Unbox Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Initialisable Blake2sMem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Blake2sMem -> IO () #

Initialisable Sha256Mem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Sha256Mem -> IO () #

Lift Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Word32 -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Word32 -> Code m Word32 #

Vector Vector Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

MVector MVector Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Encodable (BE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable (LE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

EndianStore (BE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (BE Word32) -> BE Word32 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (BE Word32) -> IO (BE Word32) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (BE Word32) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore (LE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (LE Word32) -> LE Word32 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (LE Word32) -> IO (LE Word32) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (LE Word32) -> Int -> IO () #

newtype Vector Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype MVector s Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

data Word16 #

16-bit unsigned integer type

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

CoArbitrary Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Word16 -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Word16 -> b) -> Word16 :-> b #

Storable Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Bits Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

FiniteBits Word16

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bounded Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Enum Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Ix Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Num Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Read Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Integral Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Real Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Show Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

NFData Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Word16 -> () #

Eq Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Methods

(==) :: Word16 -> Word16 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Word16 -> Word16 -> Bool #

Ord Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Equality Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: Word16 -> Word16 -> Result #

Random Word16 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random

Methods

randomR :: RandomGen g => (Word16, Word16) -> g -> (Word16, g) #

random :: RandomGen g => g -> (Word16, g) #

randomRs :: RandomGen g => (Word16, Word16) -> g -> [Word16] #

randoms :: RandomGen g => g -> [Word16] #

Uniform Word16 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformM :: StatefulGen g m => g -> m Word16 #

UniformRange Word16 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

uniformRM :: StatefulGen g m => (Word16, Word16) -> g -> m Word16 #

Unbox Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Lift Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Word16 -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Word16 -> Code m Word16 #

Vector Vector Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

MVector MVector Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype Vector Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype MVector s Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

data Either a b #

The Either type represents values with two possibilities: a value of type Either a b is either Left a or Right b.

The Either type is sometimes used to represent a value which is either correct or an error; by convention, the Left constructor is used to hold an error value and the Right constructor is used to hold a correct value (mnemonic: "right" also means "correct").

Examples

Expand

The type Either String Int is the type of values which can be either a String or an Int. The Left constructor can be used only on Strings, and the Right constructor can be used only on Ints:

>>> let s = Left "foo" :: Either String Int
>>> s
Left "foo"
>>> let n = Right 3 :: Either String Int
>>> n
Right 3
>>> :type s
s :: Either String Int
>>> :type n
n :: Either String Int

The fmap from our Functor instance will ignore Left values, but will apply the supplied function to values contained in a Right:

>>> let s = Left "foo" :: Either String Int
>>> let n = Right 3 :: Either String Int
>>> fmap (*2) s
Left "foo"
>>> fmap (*2) n
Right 6

The Monad instance for Either allows us to chain together multiple actions which may fail, and fail overall if any of the individual steps failed. First we'll write a function that can either parse an Int from a Char, or fail.

>>> import Data.Char ( digitToInt, isDigit )
>>> :{
    let parseEither :: Char -> Either String Int
        parseEither c
          | isDigit c = Right (digitToInt c)
          | otherwise = Left "parse error"
>>> :}

The following should work, since both '1' and '2' can be parsed as Ints.

>>> :{
    let parseMultiple :: Either String Int
        parseMultiple = do
          x <- parseEither '1'
          y <- parseEither '2'
          return (x + y)
>>> :}
>>> parseMultiple
Right 3

But the following should fail overall, since the first operation where we attempt to parse 'm' as an Int will fail:

>>> :{
    let parseMultiple :: Either String Int
        parseMultiple = do
          x <- parseEither 'm'
          y <- parseEither '2'
          return (x + y)
>>> :}
>>> parseMultiple
Left "parse error"

Constructors

Left a 
Right b 

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary2 Either 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary2 :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen (Either a b) #

liftShrink2 :: (a -> [a]) -> (b -> [b]) -> Either a b -> [Either a b] #

NFData2 Either

Since: deepseq-1.4.3.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

liftRnf2 :: (a -> ()) -> (b -> ()) -> Either a b -> () #

Generic1 (Either a :: Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep1 (Either a) :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a0 :: k). Either a a0 -> Rep1 (Either a) a0 #

to1 :: forall (a0 :: k). Rep1 (Either a) a0 -> Either a a0 #

(Lift a, Lift b) => Lift (Either a b :: Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Quote m => Either a b -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => Either a b -> Code m (Either a b) #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary1 (Either a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a0 -> Gen (Either a a0) #

liftShrink :: (a0 -> [a0]) -> Either a a0 -> [Either a a0] #

Foldable (Either a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Either a m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a0 -> m) -> Either a a0 -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a0 -> m) -> Either a a0 -> m #

foldr :: (a0 -> b -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b #

foldr' :: (a0 -> b -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a0 -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a0 -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b #

foldr1 :: (a0 -> a0 -> a0) -> Either a a0 -> a0 #

foldl1 :: (a0 -> a0 -> a0) -> Either a a0 -> a0 #

toList :: Either a a0 -> [a0] #

null :: Either a a0 -> Bool #

length :: Either a a0 -> Int #

elem :: Eq a0 => a0 -> Either a a0 -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a0 => Either a a0 -> a0 #

minimum :: Ord a0 => Either a a0 -> a0 #

sum :: Num a0 => Either a a0 -> a0 #

product :: Num a0 => Either a a0 -> a0 #

Traversable (Either a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a0 -> f b) -> Either a a0 -> f (Either a b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Either a (f a0) -> f (Either a a0) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a0 -> m b) -> Either a a0 -> m (Either a b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Either a (m a0) -> m (Either a a0) #

Applicative (Either e)

Since: base-3.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

pure :: a -> Either e a #

(<*>) :: Either e (a -> b) -> Either e a -> Either e b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Either e a -> Either e b -> Either e c #

(*>) :: Either e a -> Either e b -> Either e b #

(<*) :: Either e a -> Either e b -> Either e a #

Functor (Either a)

Since: base-3.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b) -> Either a a0 -> Either a b #

(<$) :: a0 -> Either a b -> Either a a0 #

Monad (Either e)

Since: base-4.4.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

(>>=) :: Either e a -> (a -> Either e b) -> Either e b #

(>>) :: Either e a -> Either e b -> Either e b #

return :: a -> Either e a #

NFData a => NFData1 (Either a)

Since: deepseq-1.4.3.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

liftRnf :: (a0 -> ()) -> Either a a0 -> () #

(Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Arbitrary (Either a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Either a b) #

shrink :: Either a b -> [Either a b] #

(CoArbitrary a, CoArbitrary b) => CoArbitrary (Either a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Either a b -> Gen b0 -> Gen b0 #

(Function a, Function b) => Function (Either a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Either a b -> b0) -> Either a b :-> b0 #

Semigroup (Either a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

(<>) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Either a b #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Either a b) -> Either a b #

stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> Either a b -> Either a b #

Generic (Either a b) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep (Either a b) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: Either a b -> Rep (Either a b) x #

to :: Rep (Either a b) x -> Either a b #

(Read a, Read b) => Read (Either a b)

Since: base-3.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

(Show a, Show b) => Show (Either a b)

Since: base-3.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Either a b -> ShowS #

show :: Either a b -> String #

showList :: [Either a b] -> ShowS #

(NFData a, NFData b) => NFData (Either a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Either a b -> () #

(Eq a, Eq b) => Eq (Either a b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

(==) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

(/=) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

(Ord a, Ord b) => Ord (Either a b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Either

Methods

compare :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Ordering #

(<) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

(<=) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

(>) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

(>=) :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Bool #

max :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Either a b #

min :: Either a b -> Either a b -> Either a b #

type Rep1 (Either a :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep (Either a b)

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

class (Alternative m, Monad m) => MonadPlus (m :: Type -> Type) where #

Monads that also support choice and failure.

Minimal complete definition

Nothing

Methods

mzero :: m a #

The identity of mplus. It should also satisfy the equations

mzero >>= f  =  mzero
v >> mzero   =  mzero

The default definition is

mzero = empty

mplus :: m a -> m a -> m a #

An associative operation. The default definition is

mplus = (<|>)

Instances

Instances details
MonadPlus P

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

mzero :: P a #

mplus :: P a -> P a -> P a #

MonadPlus ReadP

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

mzero :: ReadP a #

mplus :: ReadP a -> ReadP a -> ReadP a #

MonadPlus Seq 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

mzero :: Seq a #

mplus :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Seq a #

MonadPlus IO

Takes the first non-throwing IO action's result. mzero throws an exception.

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mzero :: IO a #

mplus :: IO a -> IO a -> IO a #

MonadPlus Array 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

mzero :: Array a #

mplus :: Array a -> Array a -> Array a #

MonadPlus SmallArray 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

MonadPlus Maybe

Picks the leftmost Just value, or, alternatively, Nothing.

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mzero :: Maybe a #

mplus :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

MonadPlus List

Combines lists by concatenation, starting from the empty list.

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

mzero :: [a] #

mplus :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] #

MonadPlus (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

mzero :: Proxy a #

mplus :: Proxy a -> Proxy a -> Proxy a #

MonadPlus (U1 :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

mzero :: U1 a #

mplus :: U1 a -> U1 a -> U1 a #

MonadPlus f => MonadPlus (Rec1 f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

mzero :: Rec1 f a #

mplus :: Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f a #

(MonadPlus f, MonadPlus g) => MonadPlus (f :*: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

mzero :: (f :*: g) a #

mplus :: (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) a #

MonadPlus f => MonadPlus (M1 i c f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

mzero :: M1 i c f a #

mplus :: M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f a #

class Storable a where #

The member functions of this class facilitate writing values of primitive types to raw memory (which may have been allocated with the above mentioned routines) and reading values from blocks of raw memory. The class, furthermore, includes support for computing the storage requirements and alignment restrictions of storable types.

Memory addresses are represented as values of type Ptr a, for some a which is an instance of class Storable. The type argument to Ptr helps provide some valuable type safety in FFI code (you can't mix pointers of different types without an explicit cast), while helping the Haskell type system figure out which marshalling method is needed for a given pointer.

All marshalling between Haskell and a foreign language ultimately boils down to translating Haskell data structures into the binary representation of a corresponding data structure of the foreign language and vice versa. To code this marshalling in Haskell, it is necessary to manipulate primitive data types stored in unstructured memory blocks. The class Storable facilitates this manipulation on all types for which it is instantiated, which are the standard basic types of Haskell, the fixed size Int types (Int8, Int16, Int32, Int64), the fixed size Word types (Word8, Word16, Word32, Word64), StablePtr, all types from Foreign.C.Types, as well as Ptr.

Minimal complete definition

sizeOf, alignment, (peek | peekElemOff | peekByteOff), (poke | pokeElemOff | pokeByteOff)

Methods

peek :: Ptr a -> IO a #

Read a value from the given memory location.

Note that the peek and poke functions might require properly aligned addresses to function correctly. This is architecture dependent; thus, portable code should ensure that when peeking or poking values of some type a, the alignment constraint for a, as given by the function alignment is fulfilled.

poke :: Ptr a -> a -> IO () #

Write the given value to the given memory location. Alignment restrictions might apply; see peek.

Instances

Instances details
Storable IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Storable WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Storable Fingerprint

Since: base-4.4.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Storable Int16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Int16 -> Int #

alignment :: Int16 -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Int16 -> Int -> IO Int16 #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Int16 -> Int -> Int16 -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Int16 #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Int16 -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Int16 -> IO Int16 #

poke :: Ptr Int16 -> Int16 -> IO () #

Storable Int32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Int32 -> Int #

alignment :: Int32 -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Int32 -> Int -> IO Int32 #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Int32 -> Int -> Int32 -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Int32 #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Int32 -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Int32 -> IO Int32 #

poke :: Ptr Int32 -> Int32 -> IO () #

Storable Int64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Int64 -> Int #

alignment :: Int64 -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Int64 -> Int -> IO Int64 #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Int64 -> Int -> Int64 -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Int64 #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Int64 -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Int64 -> IO Int64 #

poke :: Ptr Int64 -> Int64 -> IO () #

Storable Int8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Int8 -> Int #

alignment :: Int8 -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Int8 -> Int -> IO Int8 #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Int8 -> Int -> Int8 -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Int8 #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Int8 -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Int8 -> IO Int8 #

poke :: Ptr Int8 -> Int8 -> IO () #

Storable Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Storable Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Storable Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Storable Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Word8 -> Int #

alignment :: Word8 -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Word8 -> Int -> IO Word8 #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Word8 -> Int -> Word8 -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Word8 #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Word8 -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Word8 -> IO Word8 #

poke :: Ptr Word8 -> Word8 -> IO () #

Storable Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Storable R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

sizeOf :: R -> Int #

alignment :: R -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr R -> Int -> IO R #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr R -> Int -> R -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO R #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> R -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr R -> IO R #

poke :: Ptr R -> R -> IO () #

Storable S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

sizeOf :: S -> Int #

alignment :: S -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr S -> Int -> IO S #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr S -> Int -> S -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO S #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> S -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr S -> IO S #

poke :: Ptr S -> S -> IO () #

Storable ()

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: () -> Int #

alignment :: () -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr () -> Int -> IO () #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr () -> Int -> () -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO () #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> () -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr () -> IO () #

poke :: Ptr () -> () -> IO () #

Storable Bool

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Bool -> Int #

alignment :: Bool -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Bool -> Int -> IO Bool #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Bool -> Int -> Bool -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Bool #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Bool -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Bool -> IO Bool #

poke :: Ptr Bool -> Bool -> IO () #

Storable Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Char -> Int #

alignment :: Char -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Char -> Int -> IO Char #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Char -> Int -> Char -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Char #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Char -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Char -> IO Char #

poke :: Ptr Char -> Char -> IO () #

Storable Double

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Storable Float

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Float -> Int #

alignment :: Float -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Float -> Int -> IO Float #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Float -> Int -> Float -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Float #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Float -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Float -> IO Float #

poke :: Ptr Float -> Float -> IO () #

Storable Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Int -> Int #

alignment :: Int -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Int -> Int -> IO Int #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Int -> Int -> Int -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Int #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Int -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Int -> IO Int #

poke :: Ptr Int -> Int -> IO () #

Storable Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Word -> Int #

alignment :: Word -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Word -> Int -> IO Word #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Word -> Int -> Word -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Word #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Word -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Word -> IO Word #

poke :: Ptr Word -> Word -> IO () #

Storable (ConstPtr a) 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: ConstPtr a -> Int #

alignment :: ConstPtr a -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (ConstPtr a) -> Int -> IO (ConstPtr a) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (ConstPtr a) -> Int -> ConstPtr a -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (ConstPtr a) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> ConstPtr a -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (ConstPtr a) -> IO (ConstPtr a) #

poke :: Ptr (ConstPtr a) -> ConstPtr a -> IO () #

Storable (FunPtr a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: FunPtr a -> Int #

alignment :: FunPtr a -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (FunPtr a) -> Int -> IO (FunPtr a) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (FunPtr a) -> Int -> FunPtr a -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (FunPtr a) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> FunPtr a -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (FunPtr a) -> IO (FunPtr a) #

poke :: Ptr (FunPtr a) -> FunPtr a -> IO () #

Storable (Ptr a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Ptr a -> Int #

alignment :: Ptr a -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (Ptr a) -> Int -> IO (Ptr a) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Ptr a) -> Int -> Ptr a -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (Ptr a) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Ptr a -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (Ptr a) -> IO (Ptr a) #

poke :: Ptr (Ptr a) -> Ptr a -> IO () #

(Storable a, Integral a) => Storable (Ratio a)

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Ratio a -> Int #

alignment :: Ratio a -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (Ratio a) -> Int -> IO (Ratio a) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Ratio a) -> Int -> Ratio a -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (Ratio a) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Ratio a -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (Ratio a) -> IO (Ratio a) #

poke :: Ptr (Ratio a) -> Ratio a -> IO () #

Storable (StablePtr a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: StablePtr a -> Int #

alignment :: StablePtr a -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (StablePtr a) -> Int -> IO (StablePtr a) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (StablePtr a) -> Int -> StablePtr a -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (StablePtr a) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> StablePtr a -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (StablePtr a) -> IO (StablePtr a) #

poke :: Ptr (StablePtr a) -> StablePtr a -> IO () #

Storable (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Methods

sizeOf :: BlockCount p -> Int #

alignment :: BlockCount p -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (BlockCount p) -> Int -> IO (BlockCount p) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (BlockCount p) -> Int -> BlockCount p -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (BlockCount p) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> BlockCount p -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (BlockCount p) -> IO (BlockCount p) #

poke :: Ptr (BlockCount p) -> BlockCount p -> IO () #

Storable (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable w => Storable (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

sizeOf :: BE w -> Int #

alignment :: BE w -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (BE w) -> Int -> IO (BE w) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (BE w) -> Int -> BE w -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (BE w) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> BE w -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (BE w) -> IO (BE w) #

poke :: Ptr (BE w) -> BE w -> IO () #

Storable w => Storable (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

sizeOf :: LE w -> Int #

alignment :: LE w -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (LE w) -> Int -> IO (LE w) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (LE w) -> Int -> LE w -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (LE w) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> LE w -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (LE w) -> IO (LE w) #

poke :: Ptr (LE w) -> LE w -> IO () #

Storable a => Storable (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

sizeOf :: BYTES a -> Int #

alignment :: BYTES a -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (BYTES a) -> Int -> IO (BYTES a) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (BYTES a) -> Int -> BYTES a -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (BYTES a) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> BYTES a -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (BYTES a) -> IO (BYTES a) #

poke :: Ptr (BYTES a) -> BYTES a -> IO () #

(Unbox w, Storable w) => Storable (Blake2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

sizeOf :: Blake2 w -> Int #

alignment :: Blake2 w -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (Blake2 w) -> Int -> IO (Blake2 w) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Blake2 w) -> Int -> Blake2 w -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (Blake2 w) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Blake2 w -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (Blake2 w) -> IO (Blake2 w) #

poke :: Ptr (Blake2 w) -> Blake2 w -> IO () #

Storable prim => Storable (Keyed prim) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

sizeOf :: Keyed prim -> Int #

alignment :: Keyed prim -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (Keyed prim) -> Int -> IO (Keyed prim) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Keyed prim) -> Int -> Keyed prim -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (Keyed prim) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Keyed prim -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (Keyed prim) -> IO (Keyed prim) #

poke :: Ptr (Keyed prim) -> Keyed prim -> IO () #

(Unbox w, Storable w) => Storable (Sha2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

sizeOf :: Sha2 w -> Int #

alignment :: Sha2 w -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (Sha2 w) -> Int -> IO (Sha2 w) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Sha2 w) -> Int -> Sha2 w -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (Sha2 w) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Sha2 w -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (Sha2 w) -> IO (Sha2 w) #

poke :: Ptr (Sha2 w) -> Sha2 w -> IO () #

Storable g => Storable (StateGen g) 
Instance details

Defined in System.Random.Internal

Methods

sizeOf :: StateGen g -> Int #

alignment :: StateGen g -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (StateGen g) -> Int -> IO (StateGen g) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (StateGen g) -> Int -> StateGen g -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (StateGen g) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> StateGen g -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (StateGen g) -> IO (StateGen g) #

poke :: Ptr (StateGen g) -> StateGen g -> IO () #

(Unbox a, Storable a, Dimension dim) => Storable (Tuple dim a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Tuple

Methods

sizeOf :: Tuple dim a -> Int #

alignment :: Tuple dim a -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> Int -> IO (Tuple dim a) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> Int -> Tuple dim a -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (Tuple dim a) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Tuple dim a -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> IO (Tuple dim a) #

poke :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> Tuple dim a -> IO () #

Storable a => Storable (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

sizeOf :: Const a b -> Int #

alignment :: Const a b -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (Const a b) -> Int -> IO (Const a b) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Const a b) -> Int -> Const a b -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b0 -> Int -> IO (Const a b) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b0 -> Int -> Const a b -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (Const a b) -> IO (Const a b) #

poke :: Ptr (Const a b) -> Const a b -> IO () #

data Ptr a #

A value of type Ptr a represents a pointer to an object, or an array of objects, which may be marshalled to or from Haskell values of type a.

The type a will often be an instance of class Storable which provides the marshalling operations. However this is not essential, and you can provide your own operations to access the pointer. For example you might write small foreign functions to get or set the fields of a C struct.

Instances

Instances details
IsString WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

fromString :: String -> WriteTo #

NFData1 Ptr

Since: deepseq-1.4.3.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

liftRnf :: (a -> ()) -> Ptr a -> () #

Encodable WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Pointer Ptr 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

castPointer :: Ptr a -> Ptr b #

allocaPointer :: BYTES Int -> (Ptr a -> IO b) -> IO b #

unsafeRawPtr :: Ptr a -> Ptr a #

Generic1 (URec (Ptr ()) :: k -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep1 (URec (Ptr ())) :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a :: k0). URec (Ptr ()) a -> Rep1 (URec (Ptr ())) a #

to1 :: forall (a :: k0). Rep1 (URec (Ptr ())) a -> URec (Ptr ()) a #

Foldable (UAddr :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UAddr m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UAddr a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UAddr a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UAddr a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UAddr a -> a #

toList :: UAddr a -> [a] #

null :: UAddr a -> Bool #

length :: UAddr a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UAddr a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UAddr a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UAddr a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UAddr a -> a #

product :: Num a => UAddr a -> a #

Traversable (UAddr :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UAddr a -> f (UAddr b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UAddr (f a) -> f (UAddr a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UAddr a -> m (UAddr b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UAddr (m a) -> m (UAddr a) #

Storable (Ptr a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Ptr a -> Int #

alignment :: Ptr a -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (Ptr a) -> Int -> IO (Ptr a) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Ptr a) -> Int -> Ptr a -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (Ptr a) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Ptr a -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (Ptr a) -> IO (Ptr a) #

poke :: Ptr (Ptr a) -> Ptr a -> IO () #

Show (Ptr a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Ptr

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Ptr a -> ShowS #

show :: Ptr a -> String #

showList :: [Ptr a] -> ShowS #

NFData (Ptr a)

Since: deepseq-1.4.2.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Ptr a -> () #

Eq (Ptr a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Ptr

Methods

(==) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

Ord (Ptr a)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Ptr

Methods

compare :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Ordering #

(<) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

(<=) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

(>) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

(>=) :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Bool #

max :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Ptr a #

min :: Ptr a -> Ptr a -> Ptr a #

Distributive (BYTES Int) (TransferAction t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

LAction (BYTES Int) (TransferAction t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

(<.>) :: BYTES Int -> TransferAction t -> TransferAction t

Functor (URec (Ptr ()) :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec (Ptr ()) a -> URec (Ptr ()) b #

(<$) :: a -> URec (Ptr ()) b -> URec (Ptr ()) a #

Generic (URec (Ptr ()) p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep (URec (Ptr ()) p) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> Rep (URec (Ptr ()) p) x #

to :: Rep (URec (Ptr ()) p) x -> URec (Ptr ()) p #

Eq (URec (Ptr ()) p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

Ord (URec (Ptr ()) p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> Bool #

max :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p #

min :: URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p -> URec (Ptr ()) p #

data URec (Ptr ()) (p :: k)

Used for marking occurrences of Addr#

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

data URec (Ptr ()) (p :: k) = UAddr {}
type Rep1 (URec (Ptr ()) :: k -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep1 (URec (Ptr ()) :: k -> Type) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UAddr" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uAddr#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UAddr :: k -> Type)))
type Rep (URec (Ptr ()) p)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep (URec (Ptr ()) p) = D1 ('MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "UAddr" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "uAddr#") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (UAddr :: Type -> Type)))

data TextEncoding #

A TextEncoding is a specification of a conversion scheme between sequences of bytes and sequences of Unicode characters.

For example, UTF-8 is an encoding of Unicode characters into a sequence of bytes. The TextEncoding for UTF-8 is utf8.

Instances

Instances details
Show TextEncoding

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Encoding.Types

type IOError = IOException #

The Haskell 2010 type for exceptions in the IO monad. Any I/O operation may raise an IOException instead of returning a result. For a more general type of exception, including also those that arise in pure code, see Exception.

In Haskell 2010, this is an opaque type.

class Fractional a => Floating a where #

Trigonometric and hyperbolic functions and related functions.

The Haskell Report defines no laws for Floating. However, (+), (*) and exp are customarily expected to define an exponential field and have the following properties:

  • exp (a + b) = exp a * exp b
  • exp (fromInteger 0) = fromInteger 1

Minimal complete definition

pi, exp, log, sin, cos, asin, acos, atan, sinh, cosh, asinh, acosh, atanh

Methods

pi :: a #

exp :: a -> a #

log :: a -> a #

sqrt :: a -> a #

(**) :: a -> a -> a infixr 8 #

logBase :: a -> a -> a #

sin :: a -> a #

cos :: a -> a #

tan :: a -> a #

asin :: a -> a #

acos :: a -> a #

atan :: a -> a #

sinh :: a -> a #

cosh :: a -> a #

tanh :: a -> a #

asinh :: a -> a #

acosh :: a -> a #

atanh :: a -> a #

Instances

Instances details
Floating Double

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Float

Floating Float

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Float

Floating a => Floating (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

pi :: Const a b #

exp :: Const a b -> Const a b #

log :: Const a b -> Const a b #

sqrt :: Const a b -> Const a b #

(**) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

logBase :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

sin :: Const a b -> Const a b #

cos :: Const a b -> Const a b #

tan :: Const a b -> Const a b #

asin :: Const a b -> Const a b #

acos :: Const a b -> Const a b #

atan :: Const a b -> Const a b #

sinh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

cosh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

tanh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

asinh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

acosh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

atanh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

log1p :: Const a b -> Const a b #

expm1 :: Const a b -> Const a b #

log1pexp :: Const a b -> Const a b #

log1mexp :: Const a b -> Const a b #

class Num a where #

Basic numeric class.

The Haskell Report defines no laws for Num. However, (+) and (*) are customarily expected to define a ring and have the following properties:

Associativity of (+)
(x + y) + z = x + (y + z)
Commutativity of (+)
x + y = y + x
fromInteger 0 is the additive identity
x + fromInteger 0 = x
negate gives the additive inverse
x + negate x = fromInteger 0
Associativity of (*)
(x * y) * z = x * (y * z)
fromInteger 1 is the multiplicative identity
x * fromInteger 1 = x and fromInteger 1 * x = x
Distributivity of (*) with respect to (+)
a * (b + c) = (a * b) + (a * c) and (b + c) * a = (b * a) + (c * a)
Coherence with toInteger
if the type also implements Integral, then fromInteger is a left inverse for toInteger, i.e. fromInteger (toInteger i) == i

Note that it isn't customarily expected that a type instance of both Num and Ord implement an ordered ring. Indeed, in base only Integer and Rational do.

Minimal complete definition

(+), (*), abs, signum, fromInteger, (negate | (-))

Methods

(+) :: a -> a -> a infixl 6 #

(-) :: a -> a -> a infixl 6 #

(*) :: a -> a -> a infixl 7 #

negate :: a -> a #

Unary negation.

abs :: a -> a #

Absolute value.

signum :: a -> a #

Sign of a number. The functions abs and signum should satisfy the law:

abs x * signum x == x

For real numbers, the signum is either -1 (negative), 0 (zero) or 1 (positive).

fromInteger :: Integer -> a #

Conversion from an Integer. An integer literal represents the application of the function fromInteger to the appropriate value of type Integer, so such literals have type (Num a) => a.

Instances

Instances details
Num IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Num WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Num Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Num Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Num Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Num Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Num Integer

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num

Num Natural

Note that Natural's Num instance isn't a ring: no element but 0 has an additive inverse. It is a semiring though.

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num

Num Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num

Methods

(+) :: Int -> Int -> Int #

(-) :: Int -> Int -> Int #

(*) :: Int -> Int -> Int #

negate :: Int -> Int #

abs :: Int -> Int #

signum :: Int -> Int #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Int #

Num Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Num

Methods

(+) :: Word -> Word -> Word #

(-) :: Word -> Word -> Word #

(*) :: Word -> Word -> Word #

negate :: Word -> Word #

abs :: Word -> Word #

signum :: Word -> Word #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Word #

Num a => Num (Blind a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(+) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

(-) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

(*) :: Blind a -> Blind a -> Blind a #

negate :: Blind a -> Blind a #

abs :: Blind a -> Blind a #

signum :: Blind a -> Blind a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Blind a #

Num a => Num (Fixed a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(+) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

(-) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

(*) :: Fixed a -> Fixed a -> Fixed a #

negate :: Fixed a -> Fixed a #

abs :: Fixed a -> Fixed a #

signum :: Fixed a -> Fixed a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Fixed a #

Num a => Num (Large a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(+) :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

(-) :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

(*) :: Large a -> Large a -> Large a #

negate :: Large a -> Large a #

abs :: Large a -> Large a #

signum :: Large a -> Large a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Large a #

Num a => Num (Shrink2 a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(+) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

(-) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

(*) :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

negate :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

abs :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

signum :: Shrink2 a -> Shrink2 a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Shrink2 a #

Num a => Num (Small a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers

Methods

(+) :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

(-) :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

(*) :: Small a -> Small a -> Small a #

negate :: Small a -> Small a #

abs :: Small a -> Small a #

signum :: Small a -> Small a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Small a #

Integral a => Num (Ratio a)

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Real

Methods

(+) :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Ratio a #

(-) :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Ratio a #

(*) :: Ratio a -> Ratio a -> Ratio a #

negate :: Ratio a -> Ratio a #

abs :: Ratio a -> Ratio a #

signum :: Ratio a -> Ratio a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Ratio a #

Num w => Num (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(+) :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

(-) :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

(*) :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

negate :: BE w -> BE w #

abs :: BE w -> BE w #

signum :: BE w -> BE w #

fromInteger :: Integer -> BE w #

Num w => Num (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(+) :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

(-) :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

(*) :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

negate :: LE w -> LE w #

abs :: LE w -> LE w #

signum :: LE w -> LE w #

fromInteger :: Integer -> LE w #

Num a => Num (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

(+) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

(-) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

(*) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

negate :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

abs :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

signum :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> BYTES a #

Num a => Num (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

(+) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

(-) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

(*) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

negate :: Const a b -> Const a b #

abs :: Const a b -> Const a b #

signum :: Const a b -> Const a b #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Const a b #

class (RealFrac a, Floating a) => RealFloat a where #

Efficient, machine-independent access to the components of a floating-point number.

Methods

floatRadix :: a -> Integer #

a constant function, returning the radix of the representation (often 2)

floatDigits :: a -> Int #

a constant function, returning the number of digits of floatRadix in the significand

floatRange :: a -> (Int, Int) #

a constant function, returning the lowest and highest values the exponent may assume

decodeFloat :: a -> (Integer, Int) #

The function decodeFloat applied to a real floating-point number returns the significand expressed as an Integer and an appropriately scaled exponent (an Int). If decodeFloat x yields (m,n), then x is equal in value to m*b^^n, where b is the floating-point radix, and furthermore, either m and n are both zero or else b^(d-1) <= abs m < b^d, where d is the value of floatDigits x. In particular, decodeFloat 0 = (0,0). If the type contains a negative zero, also decodeFloat (-0.0) = (0,0). The result of decodeFloat x is unspecified if either of isNaN x or isInfinite x is True.

encodeFloat :: Integer -> Int -> a #

encodeFloat performs the inverse of decodeFloat in the sense that for finite x with the exception of -0.0, uncurry encodeFloat (decodeFloat x) = x. encodeFloat m n is one of the two closest representable floating-point numbers to m*b^^n (or ±Infinity if overflow occurs); usually the closer, but if m contains too many bits, the result may be rounded in the wrong direction.

exponent :: a -> Int #

exponent corresponds to the second component of decodeFloat. exponent 0 = 0 and for finite nonzero x, exponent x = snd (decodeFloat x) + floatDigits x. If x is a finite floating-point number, it is equal in value to significand x * b ^^ exponent x, where b is the floating-point radix. The behaviour is unspecified on infinite or NaN values.

significand :: a -> a #

The first component of decodeFloat, scaled to lie in the open interval (-1,1), either 0.0 or of absolute value >= 1/b, where b is the floating-point radix. The behaviour is unspecified on infinite or NaN values.

scaleFloat :: Int -> a -> a #

multiplies a floating-point number by an integer power of the radix

isNaN :: a -> Bool #

True if the argument is an IEEE "not-a-number" (NaN) value

isInfinite :: a -> Bool #

True if the argument is an IEEE infinity or negative infinity

isDenormalized :: a -> Bool #

True if the argument is too small to be represented in normalized format

isNegativeZero :: a -> Bool #

True if the argument is an IEEE negative zero

isIEEE :: a -> Bool #

True if the argument is an IEEE floating point number

atan2 :: a -> a -> a #

a version of arctangent taking two real floating-point arguments. For real floating x and y, atan2 y x computes the angle (from the positive x-axis) of the vector from the origin to the point (x,y). atan2 y x returns a value in the range [-pi, pi]. It follows the Common Lisp semantics for the origin when signed zeroes are supported. atan2 y 1, with y in a type that is RealFloat, should return the same value as atan y. A default definition of atan2 is provided, but implementors can provide a more accurate implementation.

Instances

Instances details
RealFloat Double

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Float

RealFloat Float

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Float

RealFloat a => RealFloat (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

floatRadix :: Const a b -> Integer #

floatDigits :: Const a b -> Int #

floatRange :: Const a b -> (Int, Int) #

decodeFloat :: Const a b -> (Integer, Int) #

encodeFloat :: Integer -> Int -> Const a b #

exponent :: Const a b -> Int #

significand :: Const a b -> Const a b #

scaleFloat :: Int -> Const a b -> Const a b #

isNaN :: Const a b -> Bool #

isInfinite :: Const a b -> Bool #

isDenormalized :: Const a b -> Bool #

isNegativeZero :: Const a b -> Bool #

isIEEE :: Const a b -> Bool #

atan2 :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

class Monad m => MonadFail (m :: Type -> Type) where #

When a value is bound in do-notation, the pattern on the left hand side of <- might not match. In this case, this class provides a function to recover.

A Monad without a MonadFail instance may only be used in conjunction with pattern that always match, such as newtypes, tuples, data types with only a single data constructor, and irrefutable patterns (~pat).

Instances of MonadFail should satisfy the following law: fail s should be a left zero for >>=,

fail s >>= f  =  fail s

If your Monad is also MonadPlus, a popular definition is

fail _ = mzero

fail s should be an action that runs in the monad itself, not an exception (except in instances of MonadIO). In particular, fail should not be implemented in terms of error.

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Methods

fail :: String -> m a #

Instances

Instances details
MonadFail P

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

fail :: String -> P a #

MonadFail ReadP

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

fail :: String -> ReadP a #

MonadFail IO

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.Fail

Methods

fail :: String -> IO a #

MonadFail Array 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

fail :: String -> Array a #

MonadFail SmallArray 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Methods

fail :: String -> SmallArray a #

MonadFail Q 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

fail :: String -> Q a #

MonadFail Maybe

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.Fail

Methods

fail :: String -> Maybe a #

MonadFail List

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.Fail

Methods

fail :: String -> [a] #

Monad m => MonadFail (PropertyM m) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Monadic

Methods

fail :: String -> PropertyM m a #

class IsString a where #

Class for string-like datastructures; used by the overloaded string extension (-XOverloadedStrings in GHC).

Methods

fromString :: String -> a #

Instances

Instances details
IsString ByteString

Beware: fromString truncates multi-byte characters to octets. e.g. "枯朶に烏のとまりけり秋の暮" becomes �6k�nh~�Q��n�

Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

IsString ShortByteString

Beware: fromString truncates multi-byte characters to octets. e.g. "枯朶に烏のとまりけり秋の暮" becomes �6k�nh~�Q��n�

Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Short.Internal

IsString Doc 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.HughesPJ

Methods

fromString :: String -> Doc #

IsString Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Methods

fromString :: String -> Base16 #

IsString Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Methods

fromString :: String -> Base64 #

IsString WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

fromString :: String -> WriteTo #

IsString Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

IsString R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

fromString :: String -> R #

IsString S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

fromString :: String -> S #

IsString a => IsString (Identity a)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.String

Methods

fromString :: String -> Identity a #

a ~ Char => IsString (Seq a)

Since: containers-0.5.7

Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fromString :: String -> Seq a #

IsString (Doc a) 
Instance details

Defined in Text.PrettyPrint.Annotated.HughesPJ

Methods

fromString :: String -> Doc a #

IsString (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

IsString (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

IsString (Key (Keyed prim)) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

fromString :: String -> Key (Keyed prim) #

IsString (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

IsString (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

(EndianStore w, Unbox w) => IsString (Blake2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

fromString :: String -> Blake2 w #

IsString prim => IsString (Keyed prim) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

fromString :: String -> Keyed prim #

(EndianStore w, Unbox w) => IsString (Sha2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

fromString :: String -> Sha2 w #

a ~ Char => IsString [a]

(a ~ Char) context was introduced in 4.9.0.0

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.String

Methods

fromString :: String -> [a] #

IsString a => IsString (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.String

Methods

fromString :: String -> Const a b #

class Foldable (t :: Type -> Type) where #

The Foldable class represents data structures that can be reduced to a summary value one element at a time. Strict left-associative folds are a good fit for space-efficient reduction, while lazy right-associative folds are a good fit for corecursive iteration, or for folds that short-circuit after processing an initial subsequence of the structure's elements.

Instances can be derived automatically by enabling the DeriveFoldable extension. For example, a derived instance for a binary tree might be:

{-# LANGUAGE DeriveFoldable #-}
data Tree a = Empty
            | Leaf a
            | Node (Tree a) a (Tree a)
    deriving Foldable

A more detailed description can be found in the Overview section of Data.Foldable.

For the class laws see the Laws section of Data.Foldable.

Minimal complete definition

foldMap | foldr

Methods

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> t a -> m #

Map each element of the structure into a monoid, and combine the results with (<>). This fold is right-associative and lazy in the accumulator. For strict left-associative folds consider foldMap' instead.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> foldMap Sum [1, 3, 5]
Sum {getSum = 9}
>>> foldMap Product [1, 3, 5]
Product {getProduct = 15}
>>> foldMap (replicate 3) [1, 2, 3]
[1,1,1,2,2,2,3,3,3]

When a Monoid's (<>) is lazy in its second argument, foldMap can return a result even from an unbounded structure. For example, lazy accumulation enables Data.ByteString.Builder to efficiently serialise large data structures and produce the output incrementally:

>>> import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy as L
>>> import qualified Data.ByteString.Builder as B
>>> let bld :: Int -> B.Builder; bld i = B.intDec i <> B.word8 0x20
>>> let lbs = B.toLazyByteString $ foldMap bld [0..]
>>> L.take 64 lbs
"0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24"

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> t a -> b #

Right-associative fold of a structure, lazy in the accumulator.

In the case of lists, foldr, when applied to a binary operator, a starting value (typically the right-identity of the operator), and a list, reduces the list using the binary operator, from right to left:

foldr f z [x1, x2, ..., xn] == x1 `f` (x2 `f` ... (xn `f` z)...)

Note that since the head of the resulting expression is produced by an application of the operator to the first element of the list, given an operator lazy in its right argument, foldr can produce a terminating expression from an unbounded list.

For a general Foldable structure this should be semantically identical to,

foldr f z = foldr f z . toList

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> foldr (||) False [False, True, False]
True
>>> foldr (||) False []
False
>>> foldr (\c acc -> acc ++ [c]) "foo" ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
"foodcba"
Infinite structures

⚠️ Applying foldr to infinite structures usually doesn't terminate.

It may still terminate under one of the following conditions:

  • the folding function is short-circuiting
  • the folding function is lazy on its second argument
Short-circuiting

(||) short-circuits on True values, so the following terminates because there is a True value finitely far from the left side:

>>> foldr (||) False (True : repeat False)
True

But the following doesn't terminate:

>>> foldr (||) False (repeat False ++ [True])
* Hangs forever *
Laziness in the second argument

Applying foldr to infinite structures terminates when the operator is lazy in its second argument (the initial accumulator is never used in this case, and so could be left undefined, but [] is more clear):

>>> take 5 $ foldr (\i acc -> i : fmap (+3) acc) [] (repeat 1)
[1,4,7,10,13]

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> t a -> b #

Left-associative fold of a structure, lazy in the accumulator. This is rarely what you want, but can work well for structures with efficient right-to-left sequencing and an operator that is lazy in its left argument.

In the case of lists, foldl, when applied to a binary operator, a starting value (typically the left-identity of the operator), and a list, reduces the list using the binary operator, from left to right:

foldl f z [x1, x2, ..., xn] == (...((z `f` x1) `f` x2) `f`...) `f` xn

Note that to produce the outermost application of the operator the entire input list must be traversed. Like all left-associative folds, foldl will diverge if given an infinite list.

If you want an efficient strict left-fold, you probably want to use foldl' instead of foldl. The reason for this is that the latter does not force the inner results (e.g. z `f` x1 in the above example) before applying them to the operator (e.g. to (`f` x2)). This results in a thunk chain O(n) elements long, which then must be evaluated from the outside-in.

For a general Foldable structure this should be semantically identical to:

foldl f z = foldl f z . toList

Examples

Expand

The first example is a strict fold, which in practice is best performed with foldl'.

>>> foldl (+) 42 [1,2,3,4]
52

Though the result below is lazy, the input is reversed before prepending it to the initial accumulator, so corecursion begins only after traversing the entire input string.

>>> foldl (\acc c -> c : acc) "abcd" "efgh"
"hgfeabcd"

A left fold of a structure that is infinite on the right cannot terminate, even when for any finite input the fold just returns the initial accumulator:

>>> foldl (\a _ -> a) 0 $ repeat 1
* Hangs forever *

WARNING: When it comes to lists, you always want to use either foldl' or foldr instead.

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> t a -> a #

A variant of foldr that has no base case, and thus may only be applied to non-empty structures.

This function is non-total and will raise a runtime exception if the structure happens to be empty.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> foldr1 (+) [1..4]
10
>>> foldr1 (+) []
Exception: Prelude.foldr1: empty list
>>> foldr1 (+) Nothing
*** Exception: foldr1: empty structure
>>> foldr1 (-) [1..4]
-2
>>> foldr1 (&&) [True, False, True, True]
False
>>> foldr1 (||) [False, False, True, True]
True
>>> foldr1 (+) [1..]
* Hangs forever *

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> t a -> a #

A variant of foldl that has no base case, and thus may only be applied to non-empty structures.

This function is non-total and will raise a runtime exception if the structure happens to be empty.

foldl1 f = foldl1 f . toList

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> foldl1 (+) [1..4]
10
>>> foldl1 (+) []
*** Exception: Prelude.foldl1: empty list
>>> foldl1 (+) Nothing
*** Exception: foldl1: empty structure
>>> foldl1 (-) [1..4]
-8
>>> foldl1 (&&) [True, False, True, True]
False
>>> foldl1 (||) [False, False, True, True]
True
>>> foldl1 (+) [1..]
* Hangs forever *

null :: t a -> Bool #

Test whether the structure is empty. The default implementation is Left-associative and lazy in both the initial element and the accumulator. Thus optimised for structures where the first element can be accessed in constant time. Structures where this is not the case should have a non-default implementation.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> null []
True
>>> null [1]
False

null is expected to terminate even for infinite structures. The default implementation terminates provided the structure is bounded on the left (there is a leftmost element).

>>> null [1..]
False

Since: base-4.8.0.0

elem :: Eq a => a -> t a -> Bool infix 4 #

Does the element occur in the structure?

Note: elem is often used in infix form.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> 3 `elem` []
False
>>> 3 `elem` [1,2]
False
>>> 3 `elem` [1,2,3,4,5]
True

For infinite structures, the default implementation of elem terminates if the sought-after value exists at a finite distance from the left side of the structure:

>>> 3 `elem` [1..]
True
>>> 3 `elem` ([4..] ++ [3])
* Hangs forever *

Since: base-4.8.0.0

maximum :: Ord a => t a -> a #

The largest element of a non-empty structure.

This function is non-total and will raise a runtime exception if the structure happens to be empty. A structure that supports random access and maintains its elements in order should provide a specialised implementation to return the maximum in faster than linear time.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> maximum [1..10]
10
>>> maximum []
*** Exception: Prelude.maximum: empty list
>>> maximum Nothing
*** Exception: maximum: empty structure

WARNING: This function is partial for possibly-empty structures like lists.

Since: base-4.8.0.0

minimum :: Ord a => t a -> a #

The least element of a non-empty structure.

This function is non-total and will raise a runtime exception if the structure happens to be empty. A structure that supports random access and maintains its elements in order should provide a specialised implementation to return the minimum in faster than linear time.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> minimum [1..10]
1
>>> minimum []
*** Exception: Prelude.minimum: empty list
>>> minimum Nothing
*** Exception: minimum: empty structure

WARNING: This function is partial for possibly-empty structures like lists.

Since: base-4.8.0.0

sum :: Num a => t a -> a #

The sum function computes the sum of the numbers of a structure.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> sum []
0
>>> sum [42]
42
>>> sum [1..10]
55
>>> sum [4.1, 2.0, 1.7]
7.8
>>> sum [1..]
* Hangs forever *

Since: base-4.8.0.0

product :: Num a => t a -> a #

The product function computes the product of the numbers of a structure.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> product []
1
>>> product [42]
42
>>> product [1..10]
3628800
>>> product [4.1, 2.0, 1.7]
13.939999999999998
>>> product [1..]
* Hangs forever *

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instances

Instances details
Foldable ZipList

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => ZipList m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> ZipList a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> ZipList a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ZipList a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ZipList a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ZipList a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ZipList a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ZipList a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ZipList a -> a #

toList :: ZipList a -> [a] #

null :: ZipList a -> Bool #

length :: ZipList a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => ZipList a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => ZipList a -> a #

sum :: Num a => ZipList a -> a #

product :: Num a => ZipList a -> a #

Foldable First

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => First m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> First a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> First a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> First a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> First a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> First a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> First a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> First a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> First a -> a #

toList :: First a -> [a] #

null :: First a -> Bool #

length :: First a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> First a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => First a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => First a -> a #

sum :: Num a => First a -> a #

product :: Num a => First a -> a #

Foldable Last

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Last m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Last a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Last a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Last a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Last a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Last a -> a #

toList :: Last a -> [a] #

null :: Last a -> Bool #

length :: Last a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Last a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Last a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Last a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Last a -> a #

product :: Num a => Last a -> a #

Foldable Down

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Down m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Down a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Down a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Down a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Down a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Down a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Down a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Down a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Down a -> a #

toList :: Down a -> [a] #

null :: Down a -> Bool #

length :: Down a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Down a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Down a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Down a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Down a -> a #

product :: Num a => Down a -> a #

Foldable Dual

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Dual m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Dual a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Dual a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Dual a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Dual a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Dual a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Dual a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Dual a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Dual a -> a #

toList :: Dual a -> [a] #

null :: Dual a -> Bool #

length :: Dual a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Dual a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Dual a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Dual a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Dual a -> a #

product :: Num a => Dual a -> a #

Foldable Product

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Product m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Product a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Product a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Product a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Product a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Product a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Product a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Product a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Product a -> a #

toList :: Product a -> [a] #

null :: Product a -> Bool #

length :: Product a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Product a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Product a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Product a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Product a -> a #

product :: Num a => Product a -> a #

Foldable Sum

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Sum m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Sum a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Sum a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Sum a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Sum a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Sum a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Sum a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Sum a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Sum a -> a #

toList :: Sum a -> [a] #

null :: Sum a -> Bool #

length :: Sum a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Sum a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Sum a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Sum a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Sum a -> a #

product :: Num a => Sum a -> a #

Foldable NonEmpty

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => NonEmpty m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> NonEmpty a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> NonEmpty a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> NonEmpty a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> NonEmpty a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> NonEmpty a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> NonEmpty a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> NonEmpty a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> NonEmpty a -> a #

toList :: NonEmpty a -> [a] #

null :: NonEmpty a -> Bool #

length :: NonEmpty a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> NonEmpty a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => NonEmpty a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => NonEmpty a -> a #

sum :: Num a => NonEmpty a -> a #

product :: Num a => NonEmpty a -> a #

Foldable Par1

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Par1 m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Par1 a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Par1 a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Par1 a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Par1 a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Par1 a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Par1 a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Par1 a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Par1 a -> a #

toList :: Par1 a -> [a] #

null :: Par1 a -> Bool #

length :: Par1 a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Par1 a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Par1 a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Par1 a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Par1 a -> a #

product :: Num a => Par1 a -> a #

Foldable IntMap

Folds in order of increasing key.

Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => IntMap m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> IntMap a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> IntMap a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> IntMap a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> IntMap a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> IntMap a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> IntMap a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> IntMap a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> IntMap a -> a #

toList :: IntMap a -> [a] #

null :: IntMap a -> Bool #

length :: IntMap a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> IntMap a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => IntMap a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => IntMap a -> a #

sum :: Num a => IntMap a -> a #

product :: Num a => IntMap a -> a #

Foldable Digit 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Digit m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Digit a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Digit a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Digit a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Digit a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Digit a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Digit a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Digit a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Digit a -> a #

toList :: Digit a -> [a] #

null :: Digit a -> Bool #

length :: Digit a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Digit a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Digit a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Digit a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Digit a -> a #

product :: Num a => Digit a -> a #

Foldable Elem 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Elem m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Elem a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Elem a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Elem a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Elem a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Elem a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Elem a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Elem a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Elem a -> a #

toList :: Elem a -> [a] #

null :: Elem a -> Bool #

length :: Elem a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Elem a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Elem a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Elem a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Elem a -> a #

product :: Num a => Elem a -> a #

Foldable FingerTree 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => FingerTree m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> FingerTree a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> FingerTree a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> FingerTree a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> FingerTree a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> FingerTree a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> FingerTree a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> FingerTree a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> FingerTree a -> a #

toList :: FingerTree a -> [a] #

null :: FingerTree a -> Bool #

length :: FingerTree a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> FingerTree a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => FingerTree a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => FingerTree a -> a #

sum :: Num a => FingerTree a -> a #

product :: Num a => FingerTree a -> a #

Foldable Node 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Node m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Node a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Node a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Node a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Node a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Node a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Node a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Node a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Node a -> a #

toList :: Node a -> [a] #

null :: Node a -> Bool #

length :: Node a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Node a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Node a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Node a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Node a -> a #

product :: Num a => Node a -> a #

Foldable Seq 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Seq m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Seq a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Seq a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Seq a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Seq a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Seq a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Seq a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Seq a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Seq a -> a #

toList :: Seq a -> [a] #

null :: Seq a -> Bool #

length :: Seq a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Seq a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Seq a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Seq a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Seq a -> a #

product :: Num a => Seq a -> a #

Foldable ViewL 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => ViewL m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> ViewL a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> ViewL a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ViewL a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ViewL a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ViewL a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ViewL a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ViewL a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ViewL a -> a #

toList :: ViewL a -> [a] #

null :: ViewL a -> Bool #

length :: ViewL a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> ViewL a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => ViewL a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => ViewL a -> a #

sum :: Num a => ViewL a -> a #

product :: Num a => ViewL a -> a #

Foldable ViewR 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => ViewR m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> ViewR a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> ViewR a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ViewR a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ViewR a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ViewR a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ViewR a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ViewR a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ViewR a -> a #

toList :: ViewR a -> [a] #

null :: ViewR a -> Bool #

length :: ViewR a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> ViewR a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => ViewR a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => ViewR a -> a #

sum :: Num a => ViewR a -> a #

product :: Num a => ViewR a -> a #

Foldable Set

Folds in order of increasing key.

Instance details

Defined in Data.Set.Internal

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Set m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Set a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Set a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Set a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Set a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Set a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Set a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Set a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Set a -> a #

toList :: Set a -> [a] #

null :: Set a -> Bool #

length :: Set a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Set a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Set a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Set a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Set a -> a #

product :: Num a => Set a -> a #

Foldable Tree

Folds in preorder

Instance details

Defined in Data.Tree

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Tree m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Tree a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Tree a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Tree a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Tree a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Tree a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Tree a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Tree a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Tree a -> a #

toList :: Tree a -> [a] #

null :: Tree a -> Bool #

length :: Tree a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Tree a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Tree a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Tree a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Tree a -> a #

product :: Num a => Tree a -> a #

Foldable Array 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Array m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Array a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Array a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Array a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Array a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Array a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Array a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Array a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Array a -> a #

toList :: Array a -> [a] #

null :: Array a -> Bool #

length :: Array a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Array a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Array a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Array a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Array a -> a #

product :: Num a => Array a -> a #

Foldable SmallArray 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => SmallArray m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> SmallArray a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> SmallArray a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> SmallArray a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> SmallArray a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> SmallArray a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> SmallArray a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> SmallArray a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> SmallArray a -> a #

toList :: SmallArray a -> [a] #

null :: SmallArray a -> Bool #

length :: SmallArray a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> SmallArray a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => SmallArray a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => SmallArray a -> a #

sum :: Num a => SmallArray a -> a #

product :: Num a => SmallArray a -> a #

Foldable Maybe

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Maybe m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Maybe a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Maybe a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Maybe a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Maybe a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Maybe a -> a #

toList :: Maybe a -> [a] #

null :: Maybe a -> Bool #

length :: Maybe a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Maybe a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Maybe a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Maybe a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Maybe a -> a #

product :: Num a => Maybe a -> a #

Foldable Solo

Since: base-4.15

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Solo m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Solo a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Solo a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Solo a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Solo a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Solo a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Solo a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Solo a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Solo a -> a #

toList :: Solo a -> [a] #

null :: Solo a -> Bool #

length :: Solo a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Solo a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Solo a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Solo a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Solo a -> a #

product :: Num a => Solo a -> a #

Foldable List

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => [m] -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> [a] -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> [a] -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> [a] -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> [a] -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> [a] -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> [a] -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> [a] -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> [a] -> a #

toList :: [a] -> [a] #

null :: [a] -> Bool #

length :: [a] -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> [a] -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => [a] -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => [a] -> a #

sum :: Num a => [a] -> a #

product :: Num a => [a] -> a #

Foldable (Either a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Either a m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a0 -> m) -> Either a a0 -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a0 -> m) -> Either a a0 -> m #

foldr :: (a0 -> b -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b #

foldr' :: (a0 -> b -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a0 -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a0 -> b) -> b -> Either a a0 -> b #

foldr1 :: (a0 -> a0 -> a0) -> Either a a0 -> a0 #

foldl1 :: (a0 -> a0 -> a0) -> Either a a0 -> a0 #

toList :: Either a a0 -> [a0] #

null :: Either a a0 -> Bool #

length :: Either a a0 -> Int #

elem :: Eq a0 => a0 -> Either a a0 -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a0 => Either a a0 -> a0 #

minimum :: Ord a0 => Either a a0 -> a0 #

sum :: Num a0 => Either a a0 -> a0 #

product :: Num a0 => Either a a0 -> a0 #

Foldable (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Proxy m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Proxy a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Proxy a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Proxy a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Proxy a -> a #

toList :: Proxy a -> [a] #

null :: Proxy a -> Bool #

length :: Proxy a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Proxy a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Proxy a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Proxy a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Proxy a -> a #

product :: Num a => Proxy a -> a #

Foldable (Array i)

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Array i m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Array i a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Array i a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Array i a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Array i a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Array i a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Array i a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Array i a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Array i a -> a #

toList :: Array i a -> [a] #

null :: Array i a -> Bool #

length :: Array i a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Array i a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Array i a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Array i a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Array i a -> a #

product :: Num a => Array i a -> a #

Foldable (U1 :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => U1 m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> U1 a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> U1 a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> U1 a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> U1 a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> U1 a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> U1 a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> U1 a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> U1 a -> a #

toList :: U1 a -> [a] #

null :: U1 a -> Bool #

length :: U1 a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> U1 a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => U1 a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => U1 a -> a #

sum :: Num a => U1 a -> a #

product :: Num a => U1 a -> a #

Foldable (UAddr :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UAddr m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UAddr a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UAddr a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UAddr a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UAddr a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UAddr a -> a #

toList :: UAddr a -> [a] #

null :: UAddr a -> Bool #

length :: UAddr a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UAddr a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UAddr a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UAddr a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UAddr a -> a #

product :: Num a => UAddr a -> a #

Foldable (UChar :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UChar m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UChar a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UChar a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UChar a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UChar a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UChar a -> a #

toList :: UChar a -> [a] #

null :: UChar a -> Bool #

length :: UChar a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UChar a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UChar a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UChar a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UChar a -> a #

product :: Num a => UChar a -> a #

Foldable (UDouble :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UDouble m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UDouble a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UDouble a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UDouble a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UDouble a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UDouble a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UDouble a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UDouble a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UDouble a -> a #

toList :: UDouble a -> [a] #

null :: UDouble a -> Bool #

length :: UDouble a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UDouble a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UDouble a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UDouble a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UDouble a -> a #

product :: Num a => UDouble a -> a #

Foldable (UFloat :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UFloat m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UFloat a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UFloat a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UFloat a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UFloat a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UFloat a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UFloat a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UFloat a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UFloat a -> a #

toList :: UFloat a -> [a] #

null :: UFloat a -> Bool #

length :: UFloat a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UFloat a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UFloat a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UFloat a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UFloat a -> a #

product :: Num a => UFloat a -> a #

Foldable (UInt :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UInt m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UInt a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UInt a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UInt a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UInt a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UInt a -> a #

toList :: UInt a -> [a] #

null :: UInt a -> Bool #

length :: UInt a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UInt a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UInt a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UInt a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UInt a -> a #

product :: Num a => UInt a -> a #

Foldable (UWord :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => UWord m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UWord a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> UWord a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UWord a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> UWord a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UWord a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> UWord a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UWord a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> UWord a -> a #

toList :: UWord a -> [a] #

null :: UWord a -> Bool #

length :: UWord a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> UWord a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => UWord a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => UWord a -> a #

sum :: Num a => UWord a -> a #

product :: Num a => UWord a -> a #

Foldable (V1 :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => V1 m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> V1 a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> V1 a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> V1 a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> V1 a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> V1 a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> V1 a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> V1 a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> V1 a -> a #

toList :: V1 a -> [a] #

null :: V1 a -> Bool #

length :: V1 a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> V1 a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => V1 a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => V1 a -> a #

sum :: Num a => V1 a -> a #

product :: Num a => V1 a -> a #

Foldable (Map k)

Folds in order of increasing key.

Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Map k m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Map k a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Map k a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Map k a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Map k a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Map k a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Map k a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Map k a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Map k a -> a #

toList :: Map k a -> [a] #

null :: Map k a -> Bool #

length :: Map k a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Map k a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Map k a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Map k a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Map k a -> a #

product :: Num a => Map k a -> a #

Foldable ((,) a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => (a, m) -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a0 -> m) -> (a, a0) -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a0 -> m) -> (a, a0) -> m #

foldr :: (a0 -> b -> b) -> b -> (a, a0) -> b #

foldr' :: (a0 -> b -> b) -> b -> (a, a0) -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a0 -> b) -> b -> (a, a0) -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a0 -> b) -> b -> (a, a0) -> b #

foldr1 :: (a0 -> a0 -> a0) -> (a, a0) -> a0 #

foldl1 :: (a0 -> a0 -> a0) -> (a, a0) -> a0 #

toList :: (a, a0) -> [a0] #

null :: (a, a0) -> Bool #

length :: (a, a0) -> Int #

elem :: Eq a0 => a0 -> (a, a0) -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a0 => (a, a0) -> a0 #

minimum :: Ord a0 => (a, a0) -> a0 #

sum :: Num a0 => (a, a0) -> a0 #

product :: Num a0 => (a, a0) -> a0 #

Foldable (Const m :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

fold :: Monoid m0 => Const m m0 -> m0 #

foldMap :: Monoid m0 => (a -> m0) -> Const m a -> m0 #

foldMap' :: Monoid m0 => (a -> m0) -> Const m a -> m0 #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Const m a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Const m a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Const m a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Const m a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Const m a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Const m a -> a #

toList :: Const m a -> [a] #

null :: Const m a -> Bool #

length :: Const m a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Const m a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Const m a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Const m a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Const m a -> a #

product :: Num a => Const m a -> a #

Foldable f => Foldable (Ap f)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Ap f m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Ap f a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Ap f a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Ap f a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Ap f a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Ap f a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Ap f a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Ap f a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Ap f a -> a #

toList :: Ap f a -> [a] #

null :: Ap f a -> Bool #

length :: Ap f a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Ap f a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Ap f a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Ap f a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Ap f a -> a #

product :: Num a => Ap f a -> a #

Foldable f => Foldable (Alt f)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Alt f m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Alt f a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Alt f a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Alt f a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Alt f a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Alt f a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Alt f a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Alt f a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Alt f a -> a #

toList :: Alt f a -> [a] #

null :: Alt f a -> Bool #

length :: Alt f a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Alt f a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Alt f a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Alt f a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Alt f a -> a #

product :: Num a => Alt f a -> a #

Foldable f => Foldable (Rec1 f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Rec1 f m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Rec1 f a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Rec1 f a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Rec1 f a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Rec1 f a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Rec1 f a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Rec1 f a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Rec1 f a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Rec1 f a -> a #

toList :: Rec1 f a -> [a] #

null :: Rec1 f a -> Bool #

length :: Rec1 f a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Rec1 f a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Rec1 f a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Rec1 f a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Rec1 f a -> a #

product :: Num a => Rec1 f a -> a #

Foldable (Constant a :: Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Constant

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Constant a m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a0 -> m) -> Constant a a0 -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a0 -> m) -> Constant a a0 -> m #

foldr :: (a0 -> b -> b) -> b -> Constant a a0 -> b #

foldr' :: (a0 -> b -> b) -> b -> Constant a a0 -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a0 -> b) -> b -> Constant a a0 -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a0 -> b) -> b -> Constant a a0 -> b #

foldr1 :: (a0 -> a0 -> a0) -> Constant a a0 -> a0 #

foldl1 :: (a0 -> a0 -> a0) -> Constant a a0 -> a0 #

toList :: Constant a a0 -> [a0] #

null :: Constant a a0 -> Bool #

length :: Constant a a0 -> Int #

elem :: Eq a0 => a0 -> Constant a a0 -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a0 => Constant a a0 -> a0 #

minimum :: Ord a0 => Constant a a0 -> a0 #

sum :: Num a0 => Constant a a0 -> a0 #

product :: Num a0 => Constant a a0 -> a0 #

(Foldable f, Foldable g) => Foldable (f :*: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => (f :*: g) m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> (f :*: g) a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> (f :*: g) a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> (f :*: g) a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> (f :*: g) a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> (f :*: g) a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> (f :*: g) a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> (f :*: g) a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> (f :*: g) a -> a #

toList :: (f :*: g) a -> [a] #

null :: (f :*: g) a -> Bool #

length :: (f :*: g) a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> (f :*: g) a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => (f :*: g) a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => (f :*: g) a -> a #

sum :: Num a => (f :*: g) a -> a #

product :: Num a => (f :*: g) a -> a #

(Foldable f, Foldable g) => Foldable (f :+: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => (f :+: g) m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> (f :+: g) a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> (f :+: g) a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> (f :+: g) a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> (f :+: g) a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> (f :+: g) a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> (f :+: g) a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> (f :+: g) a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> (f :+: g) a -> a #

toList :: (f :+: g) a -> [a] #

null :: (f :+: g) a -> Bool #

length :: (f :+: g) a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> (f :+: g) a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => (f :+: g) a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => (f :+: g) a -> a #

sum :: Num a => (f :+: g) a -> a #

product :: Num a => (f :+: g) a -> a #

Foldable (K1 i c :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => K1 i c m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> K1 i c a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> K1 i c a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> K1 i c a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> K1 i c a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> K1 i c a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> K1 i c a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> K1 i c a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> K1 i c a -> a #

toList :: K1 i c a -> [a] #

null :: K1 i c a -> Bool #

length :: K1 i c a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> K1 i c a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => K1 i c a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => K1 i c a -> a #

sum :: Num a => K1 i c a -> a #

product :: Num a => K1 i c a -> a #

(Foldable f, Foldable g) => Foldable (f :.: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => (f :.: g) m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> (f :.: g) a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> (f :.: g) a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> (f :.: g) a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> (f :.: g) a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> (f :.: g) a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> (f :.: g) a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> (f :.: g) a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> (f :.: g) a -> a #

toList :: (f :.: g) a -> [a] #

null :: (f :.: g) a -> Bool #

length :: (f :.: g) a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> (f :.: g) a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => (f :.: g) a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => (f :.: g) a -> a #

sum :: Num a => (f :.: g) a -> a #

product :: Num a => (f :.: g) a -> a #

Foldable f => Foldable (M1 i c f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => M1 i c f m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> M1 i c f a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> M1 i c f a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> M1 i c f a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> M1 i c f a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> M1 i c f a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> M1 i c f a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> M1 i c f a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> M1 i c f a -> a #

toList :: M1 i c f a -> [a] #

null :: M1 i c f a -> Bool #

length :: M1 i c f a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> M1 i c f a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => M1 i c f a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => M1 i c f a -> a #

sum :: Num a => M1 i c f a -> a #

product :: Num a => M1 i c f a -> a #

class (Functor t, Foldable t) => Traversable (t :: Type -> Type) where #

Functors representing data structures that can be transformed to structures of the same shape by performing an Applicative (or, therefore, Monad) action on each element from left to right.

A more detailed description of what same shape means, the various methods, how traversals are constructed, and example advanced use-cases can be found in the Overview section of Data.Traversable.

For the class laws see the Laws section of Data.Traversable.

Minimal complete definition

traverse | sequenceA

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> t a -> f (t b) #

Map each element of a structure to an action, evaluate these actions from left to right, and collect the results. For a version that ignores the results see traverse_.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

In the first two examples we show each evaluated action mapping to the output structure.

>>> traverse Just [1,2,3,4]
Just [1,2,3,4]
>>> traverse id [Right 1, Right 2, Right 3, Right 4]
Right [1,2,3,4]

In the next examples, we show that Nothing and Left values short circuit the created structure.

>>> traverse (const Nothing) [1,2,3,4]
Nothing
>>> traverse (\x -> if odd x then Just x else Nothing)  [1,2,3,4]
Nothing
>>> traverse id [Right 1, Right 2, Right 3, Right 4, Left 0]
Left 0

sequenceA :: Applicative f => t (f a) -> f (t a) #

Evaluate each action in the structure from left to right, and collect the results. For a version that ignores the results see sequenceA_.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

For the first two examples we show sequenceA fully evaluating a a structure and collecting the results.

>>> sequenceA [Just 1, Just 2, Just 3]
Just [1,2,3]
>>> sequenceA [Right 1, Right 2, Right 3]
Right [1,2,3]

The next two example show Nothing and Just will short circuit the resulting structure if present in the input. For more context, check the Traversable instances for Either and Maybe.

>>> sequenceA [Just 1, Just 2, Just 3, Nothing]
Nothing
>>> sequenceA [Right 1, Right 2, Right 3, Left 4]
Left 4

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> t a -> m (t b) #

Map each element of a structure to a monadic action, evaluate these actions from left to right, and collect the results. For a version that ignores the results see mapM_.

Examples

Expand

mapM is literally a traverse with a type signature restricted to Monad. Its implementation may be more efficient due to additional power of Monad.

sequence :: Monad m => t (m a) -> m (t a) #

Evaluate each monadic action in the structure from left to right, and collect the results. For a version that ignores the results see sequence_.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

The first two examples are instances where the input and and output of sequence are isomorphic.

>>> sequence $ Right [1,2,3,4]
[Right 1,Right 2,Right 3,Right 4]
>>> sequence $ [Right 1,Right 2,Right 3,Right 4]
Right [1,2,3,4]

The following examples demonstrate short circuit behavior for sequence.

>>> sequence $ Left [1,2,3,4]
Left [1,2,3,4]
>>> sequence $ [Left 0, Right 1,Right 2,Right 3,Right 4]
Left 0

Instances

Instances details
Traversable ZipList

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> ZipList a -> f (ZipList b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => ZipList (f a) -> f (ZipList a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> ZipList a -> m (ZipList b) #

sequence :: Monad m => ZipList (m a) -> m (ZipList a) #

Traversable Identity

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Identity a -> f (Identity b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Identity (f a) -> f (Identity a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Identity a -> m (Identity b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Identity (m a) -> m (Identity a) #

Traversable First

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> First a -> f (First b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => First (f a) -> f (First a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> First a -> m (First b) #

sequence :: Monad m => First (m a) -> m (First a) #

Traversable Last

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Last a -> f (Last b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Last (f a) -> f (Last a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Last a -> m (Last b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Last (m a) -> m (Last a) #

Traversable Down

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Down a -> f (Down b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Down (f a) -> f (Down a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Down a -> m (Down b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Down (m a) -> m (Down a) #

Traversable Dual

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Dual a -> f (Dual b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Dual (f a) -> f (Dual a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Dual a -> m (Dual b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Dual (m a) -> m (Dual a) #

Traversable Product

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Product a -> f (Product b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Product (f a) -> f (Product a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Product a -> m (Product b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Product (m a) -> m (Product a) #

Traversable Sum

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Sum a -> f (Sum b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Sum (f a) -> f (Sum a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Sum a -> m (Sum b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Sum (m a) -> m (Sum a) #

Traversable NonEmpty

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> NonEmpty a -> f (NonEmpty b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => NonEmpty (f a) -> f (NonEmpty a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> NonEmpty a -> m (NonEmpty b) #

sequence :: Monad m => NonEmpty (m a) -> m (NonEmpty a) #

Traversable Par1

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Par1 a -> f (Par1 b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Par1 (f a) -> f (Par1 a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Par1 a -> m (Par1 b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Par1 (m a) -> m (Par1 a) #

Traversable IntMap

Traverses in order of increasing key.

Instance details

Defined in Data.IntMap.Internal

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> IntMap a -> f (IntMap b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => IntMap (f a) -> f (IntMap a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> IntMap a -> m (IntMap b) #

sequence :: Monad m => IntMap (m a) -> m (IntMap a) #

Traversable Digit 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Digit a -> f (Digit b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Digit (f a) -> f (Digit a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Digit a -> m (Digit b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Digit (m a) -> m (Digit a) #

Traversable Elem 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Elem a -> f (Elem b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Elem (f a) -> f (Elem a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Elem a -> m (Elem b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Elem (m a) -> m (Elem a) #

Traversable FingerTree 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> FingerTree a -> f (FingerTree b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => FingerTree (f a) -> f (FingerTree a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> FingerTree a -> m (FingerTree b) #

sequence :: Monad m => FingerTree (m a) -> m (FingerTree a) #

Traversable Node 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Node a -> f (Node b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Node (f a) -> f (Node a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Node a -> m (Node b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Node (m a) -> m (Node a) #

Traversable Seq 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Seq a -> f (Seq b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Seq (f a) -> f (Seq a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Seq a -> m (Seq b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Seq (m a) -> m (Seq a) #

Traversable ViewL 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> ViewL a -> f (ViewL b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => ViewL (f a) -> f (ViewL a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> ViewL a -> m (ViewL b) #

sequence :: Monad m => ViewL (m a) -> m (ViewL a) #

Traversable ViewR 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> ViewR a -> f (ViewR b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => ViewR (f a) -> f (ViewR a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> ViewR a -> m (ViewR b) #

sequence :: Monad m => ViewR (m a) -> m (ViewR a) #

Traversable Tree 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Tree

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Tree a -> f (Tree b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Tree (f a) -> f (Tree a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Tree a -> m (Tree b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Tree (m a) -> m (Tree a) #

Traversable Array 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Array a -> f (Array b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Array (f a) -> f (Array a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Array a -> m (Array b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Array (m a) -> m (Array a) #

Traversable SmallArray 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> SmallArray a -> f (SmallArray b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => SmallArray (f a) -> f (SmallArray a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> SmallArray a -> m (SmallArray b) #

sequence :: Monad m => SmallArray (m a) -> m (SmallArray a) #

Traversable Maybe

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Maybe a -> f (Maybe b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Maybe (f a) -> f (Maybe a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Maybe a -> m (Maybe b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Maybe (m a) -> m (Maybe a) #

Traversable Solo

Since: base-4.15

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Solo a -> f (Solo b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Solo (f a) -> f (Solo a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Solo a -> m (Solo b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Solo (m a) -> m (Solo a) #

Traversable List

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> [a] -> f [b] #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => [f a] -> f [a] #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> [a] -> m [b] #

sequence :: Monad m => [m a] -> m [a] #

Traversable (Either a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a0 -> f b) -> Either a a0 -> f (Either a b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Either a (f a0) -> f (Either a a0) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a0 -> m b) -> Either a a0 -> m (Either a b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Either a (m a0) -> m (Either a a0) #

Traversable (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Proxy a -> f (Proxy b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Proxy (f a) -> f (Proxy a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Proxy a -> m (Proxy b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Proxy (m a) -> m (Proxy a) #

Ix i => Traversable (Array i)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Array i a -> f (Array i b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Array i (f a) -> f (Array i a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Array i a -> m (Array i b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Array i (m a) -> m (Array i a) #

Traversable (U1 :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> U1 a -> f (U1 b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => U1 (f a) -> f (U1 a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> U1 a -> m (U1 b) #

sequence :: Monad m => U1 (m a) -> m (U1 a) #

Traversable (UAddr :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UAddr a -> f (UAddr b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UAddr (f a) -> f (UAddr a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UAddr a -> m (UAddr b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UAddr (m a) -> m (UAddr a) #

Traversable (UChar :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UChar a -> f (UChar b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UChar (f a) -> f (UChar a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UChar a -> m (UChar b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UChar (m a) -> m (UChar a) #

Traversable (UDouble :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UDouble a -> f (UDouble b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UDouble (f a) -> f (UDouble a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UDouble a -> m (UDouble b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UDouble (m a) -> m (UDouble a) #

Traversable (UFloat :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UFloat a -> f (UFloat b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UFloat (f a) -> f (UFloat a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UFloat a -> m (UFloat b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UFloat (m a) -> m (UFloat a) #

Traversable (UInt :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UInt a -> f (UInt b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UInt (f a) -> f (UInt a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UInt a -> m (UInt b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UInt (m a) -> m (UInt a) #

Traversable (UWord :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> UWord a -> f (UWord b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => UWord (f a) -> f (UWord a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> UWord a -> m (UWord b) #

sequence :: Monad m => UWord (m a) -> m (UWord a) #

Traversable (V1 :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> V1 a -> f (V1 b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => V1 (f a) -> f (V1 a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> V1 a -> m (V1 b) #

sequence :: Monad m => V1 (m a) -> m (V1 a) #

Traversable (Map k)

Traverses in order of increasing key.

Instance details

Defined in Data.Map.Internal

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Map k a -> f (Map k b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Map k (f a) -> f (Map k a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Map k a -> m (Map k b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Map k (m a) -> m (Map k a) #

Traversable ((,) a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a0 -> f b) -> (a, a0) -> f (a, b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => (a, f a0) -> f (a, a0) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a0 -> m b) -> (a, a0) -> m (a, b) #

sequence :: Monad m => (a, m a0) -> m (a, a0) #

Traversable (Const m :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Const m a -> f (Const m b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Const m (f a) -> f (Const m a) #

mapM :: Monad m0 => (a -> m0 b) -> Const m a -> m0 (Const m b) #

sequence :: Monad m0 => Const m (m0 a) -> m0 (Const m a) #

Traversable f => Traversable (Ap f)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f0 => (a -> f0 b) -> Ap f a -> f0 (Ap f b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f0 => Ap f (f0 a) -> f0 (Ap f a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Ap f a -> m (Ap f b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Ap f (m a) -> m (Ap f a) #

Traversable f => Traversable (Alt f)

Since: base-4.12.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f0 => (a -> f0 b) -> Alt f a -> f0 (Alt f b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f0 => Alt f (f0 a) -> f0 (Alt f a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Alt f a -> m (Alt f b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Alt f (m a) -> m (Alt f a) #

Traversable f => Traversable (Rec1 f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f0 => (a -> f0 b) -> Rec1 f a -> f0 (Rec1 f b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f0 => Rec1 f (f0 a) -> f0 (Rec1 f a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Rec1 f a -> m (Rec1 f b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Rec1 f (m a) -> m (Rec1 f a) #

Traversable (Constant a :: Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Constant

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a0 -> f b) -> Constant a a0 -> f (Constant a b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Constant a (f a0) -> f (Constant a a0) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a0 -> m b) -> Constant a a0 -> m (Constant a b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Constant a (m a0) -> m (Constant a a0) #

(Traversable f, Traversable g) => Traversable (f :*: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f0 => (a -> f0 b) -> (f :*: g) a -> f0 ((f :*: g) b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f0 => (f :*: g) (f0 a) -> f0 ((f :*: g) a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> (f :*: g) a -> m ((f :*: g) b) #

sequence :: Monad m => (f :*: g) (m a) -> m ((f :*: g) a) #

(Traversable f, Traversable g) => Traversable (f :+: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f0 => (a -> f0 b) -> (f :+: g) a -> f0 ((f :+: g) b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f0 => (f :+: g) (f0 a) -> f0 ((f :+: g) a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> (f :+: g) a -> m ((f :+: g) b) #

sequence :: Monad m => (f :+: g) (m a) -> m ((f :+: g) a) #

Traversable (K1 i c :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> K1 i c a -> f (K1 i c b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => K1 i c (f a) -> f (K1 i c a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> K1 i c a -> m (K1 i c b) #

sequence :: Monad m => K1 i c (m a) -> m (K1 i c a) #

(Traversable f, Traversable g) => Traversable (f :.: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f0 => (a -> f0 b) -> (f :.: g) a -> f0 ((f :.: g) b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f0 => (f :.: g) (f0 a) -> f0 ((f :.: g) a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> (f :.: g) a -> m ((f :.: g) b) #

sequence :: Monad m => (f :.: g) (m a) -> m ((f :.: g) a) #

Traversable f => Traversable (M1 i c f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f0 => (a -> f0 b) -> M1 i c f a -> f0 (M1 i c f b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f0 => M1 i c f (f0 a) -> f0 (M1 i c f a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> M1 i c f a -> m (M1 i c f b) #

sequence :: Monad m => M1 i c f (m a) -> m (M1 i c f a) #

type HasCallStack = ?callStack :: CallStack #

Request a CallStack.

NOTE: The implicit parameter ?callStack :: CallStack is an implementation detail and should not be considered part of the CallStack API, we may decide to change the implementation in the future.

Since: base-4.9.0.0

class Applicative f => Alternative (f :: Type -> Type) where #

A monoid on applicative functors.

If defined, some and many should be the least solutions of the equations:

Minimal complete definition

empty, (<|>)

Methods

empty :: f a #

The identity of <|>

(<|>) :: f a -> f a -> f a infixl 3 #

An associative binary operation

some :: f a -> f [a] #

One or more.

many :: f a -> f [a] #

Zero or more.

Instances

Instances details
Alternative ZipList

Since: base-4.11.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

empty :: ZipList a #

(<|>) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> ZipList a #

some :: ZipList a -> ZipList [a] #

many :: ZipList a -> ZipList [a] #

Alternative P

Since: base-4.5.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

empty :: P a #

(<|>) :: P a -> P a -> P a #

some :: P a -> P [a] #

many :: P a -> P [a] #

Alternative ReadP

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Text.ParserCombinators.ReadP

Methods

empty :: ReadP a #

(<|>) :: ReadP a -> ReadP a -> ReadP a #

some :: ReadP a -> ReadP [a] #

many :: ReadP a -> ReadP [a] #

Alternative Seq

Since: containers-0.5.4

Instance details

Defined in Data.Sequence.Internal

Methods

empty :: Seq a #

(<|>) :: Seq a -> Seq a -> Seq a #

some :: Seq a -> Seq [a] #

many :: Seq a -> Seq [a] #

Alternative IO

Takes the first non-throwing IO action's result. empty throws an exception.

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

empty :: IO a #

(<|>) :: IO a -> IO a -> IO a #

some :: IO a -> IO [a] #

many :: IO a -> IO [a] #

Alternative Array 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Array

Methods

empty :: Array a #

(<|>) :: Array a -> Array a -> Array a #

some :: Array a -> Array [a] #

many :: Array a -> Array [a] #

Alternative SmallArray 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.SmallArray

Alternative Maybe

Picks the leftmost Just value, or, alternatively, Nothing.

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

empty :: Maybe a #

(<|>) :: Maybe a -> Maybe a -> Maybe a #

some :: Maybe a -> Maybe [a] #

many :: Maybe a -> Maybe [a] #

Alternative List

Combines lists by concatenation, starting from the empty list.

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Base

Methods

empty :: [a] #

(<|>) :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] #

some :: [a] -> [[a]] #

many :: [a] -> [[a]] #

MonadPlus m => Alternative (WrappedMonad m)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

empty :: WrappedMonad m a #

(<|>) :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m a #

some :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m [a] #

many :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m [a] #

Alternative (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

empty :: Proxy a #

(<|>) :: Proxy a -> Proxy a -> Proxy a #

some :: Proxy a -> Proxy [a] #

many :: Proxy a -> Proxy [a] #

Alternative (U1 :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

empty :: U1 a #

(<|>) :: U1 a -> U1 a -> U1 a #

some :: U1 a -> U1 [a] #

many :: U1 a -> U1 [a] #

(ArrowZero a, ArrowPlus a) => Alternative (WrappedArrow a b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

empty :: WrappedArrow a b a0 #

(<|>) :: WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 #

some :: WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b [a0] #

many :: WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b [a0] #

(Generic1 f, Alternative (Rep1 f)) => Alternative (Generically1 f)

Since: base-4.17.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

empty :: Generically1 f a #

(<|>) :: Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f a #

some :: Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f [a] #

many :: Generically1 f a -> Generically1 f [a] #

Alternative f => Alternative (Rec1 f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

empty :: Rec1 f a #

(<|>) :: Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f a #

some :: Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f [a] #

many :: Rec1 f a -> Rec1 f [a] #

(Alternative f, Alternative g) => Alternative (f :*: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

empty :: (f :*: g) a #

(<|>) :: (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) a #

some :: (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) [a] #

many :: (f :*: g) a -> (f :*: g) [a] #

(Alternative f, Applicative g) => Alternative (f :.: g)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

empty :: (f :.: g) a #

(<|>) :: (f :.: g) a -> (f :.: g) a -> (f :.: g) a #

some :: (f :.: g) a -> (f :.: g) [a] #

many :: (f :.: g) a -> (f :.: g) [a] #

Alternative f => Alternative (M1 i c f)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

empty :: M1 i c f a #

(<|>) :: M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f a #

some :: M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f [a] #

many :: M1 i c f a -> M1 i c f [a] #

class Bits b => FiniteBits b where #

The FiniteBits class denotes types with a finite, fixed number of bits.

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Minimal complete definition

finiteBitSize

Methods

finiteBitSize :: b -> Int #

Return the number of bits in the type of the argument. The actual value of the argument is ignored. Moreover, finiteBitSize is total, in contrast to the deprecated bitSize function it replaces.

finiteBitSize = bitSize
bitSizeMaybe = Just . finiteBitSize

Since: base-4.7.0.0

countLeadingZeros :: b -> Int #

Count number of zero bits preceding the most significant set bit.

countLeadingZeros (zeroBits :: a) = finiteBitSize (zeroBits :: a)

countLeadingZeros can be used to compute log base 2 via

logBase2 x = finiteBitSize x - 1 - countLeadingZeros x

Note: The default implementation for this method is intentionally naive. However, the instances provided for the primitive integral types are implemented using CPU specific machine instructions.

Since: base-4.8.0.0

countTrailingZeros :: b -> Int #

Count number of zero bits following the least significant set bit.

countTrailingZeros (zeroBits :: a) = finiteBitSize (zeroBits :: a)
countTrailingZeros . negate = countTrailingZeros

The related find-first-set operation can be expressed in terms of countTrailingZeros as follows

findFirstSet x = 1 + countTrailingZeros x

Note: The default implementation for this method is intentionally naive. However, the instances provided for the primitive integral types are implemented using CPU specific machine instructions.

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instances

Instances details
FiniteBits IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

FiniteBits WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

FiniteBits Word16

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

FiniteBits Word32

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

FiniteBits Word64

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

FiniteBits Word8

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

FiniteBits Bool

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

FiniteBits Int

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

FiniteBits Word

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

FiniteBits a => FiniteBits (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

FiniteBits a => FiniteBits (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

FiniteBits a => FiniteBits (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

FiniteBits a => FiniteBits (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

FiniteBits a => FiniteBits (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

class Eq a => Bits a where #

The Bits class defines bitwise operations over integral types.

  • Bits are numbered from 0 with bit 0 being the least significant bit.

Methods

(.|.) :: a -> a -> a infixl 5 #

Bitwise "or"

xor :: a -> a -> a infixl 6 #

Bitwise "xor"

complement :: a -> a #

Reverse all the bits in the argument

shift :: a -> Int -> a infixl 8 #

shift x i shifts x left by i bits if i is positive, or right by -i bits otherwise. Right shifts perform sign extension on signed number types; i.e. they fill the top bits with 1 if the x is negative and with 0 otherwise.

An instance can define either this unified shift or shiftL and shiftR, depending on which is more convenient for the type in question.

rotate :: a -> Int -> a infixl 8 #

rotate x i rotates x left by i bits if i is positive, or right by -i bits otherwise.

For unbounded types like Integer, rotate is equivalent to shift.

An instance can define either this unified rotate or rotateL and rotateR, depending on which is more convenient for the type in question.

zeroBits :: a #

zeroBits is the value with all bits unset.

The following laws ought to hold (for all valid bit indices n):

This method uses clearBit (bit 0) 0 as its default implementation (which ought to be equivalent to zeroBits for types which possess a 0th bit).

Since: base-4.7.0.0

bit :: Int -> a #

bit i is a value with the ith bit set and all other bits clear.

Can be implemented using bitDefault if a is also an instance of Num.

See also zeroBits.

setBit :: a -> Int -> a #

x `setBit` i is the same as x .|. bit i

clearBit :: a -> Int -> a #

x `clearBit` i is the same as x .&. complement (bit i)

complementBit :: a -> Int -> a #

x `complementBit` i is the same as x `xor` bit i

testBit :: a -> Int -> Bool #

x `testBit` i is the same as x .&. bit n /= 0

In other words it returns True if the bit at offset @n is set.

Can be implemented using testBitDefault if a is also an instance of Num.

bitSizeMaybe :: a -> Maybe Int #

Return the number of bits in the type of the argument. The actual value of the argument is ignored. Returns Nothing for types that do not have a fixed bitsize, like Integer.

Since: base-4.7.0.0

bitSize :: a -> Int #

Return the number of bits in the type of the argument. The actual value of the argument is ignored. The function bitSize is undefined for types that do not have a fixed bitsize, like Integer.

Default implementation based upon bitSizeMaybe provided since 4.12.0.0.

isSigned :: a -> Bool #

Return True if the argument is a signed type. The actual value of the argument is ignored

shiftL :: a -> Int -> a infixl 8 #

Shift the argument left by the specified number of bits (which must be non-negative). Some instances may throw an Overflow exception if given a negative input.

An instance can define either this and shiftR or the unified shift, depending on which is more convenient for the type in question.

unsafeShiftL :: a -> Int -> a #

Shift the argument left by the specified number of bits. The result is undefined for negative shift amounts and shift amounts greater or equal to the bitSize.

Defaults to shiftL unless defined explicitly by an instance.

Since: base-4.5.0.0

shiftR :: a -> Int -> a infixl 8 #

Shift the first argument right by the specified number of bits. The result is undefined for negative shift amounts and shift amounts greater or equal to the bitSize. Some instances may throw an Overflow exception if given a negative input.

Right shifts perform sign extension on signed number types; i.e. they fill the top bits with 1 if the x is negative and with 0 otherwise.

An instance can define either this and shiftL or the unified shift, depending on which is more convenient for the type in question.

unsafeShiftR :: a -> Int -> a #

Shift the first argument right by the specified number of bits, which must be non-negative and smaller than the number of bits in the type.

Right shifts perform sign extension on signed number types; i.e. they fill the top bits with 1 if the x is negative and with 0 otherwise.

Defaults to shiftR unless defined explicitly by an instance.

Since: base-4.5.0.0

rotateL :: a -> Int -> a infixl 8 #

Rotate the argument left by the specified number of bits (which must be non-negative).

An instance can define either this and rotateR or the unified rotate, depending on which is more convenient for the type in question.

rotateR :: a -> Int -> a infixl 8 #

Rotate the argument right by the specified number of bits (which must be non-negative).

An instance can define either this and rotateL or the unified rotate, depending on which is more convenient for the type in question.

popCount :: a -> Int #

Return the number of set bits in the argument. This number is known as the population count or the Hamming weight.

Can be implemented using popCountDefault if a is also an instance of Num.

Since: base-4.5.0.0

Instances

Instances details
Bits IntPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Bits WordPtr 
Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Ptr

Bits Word16

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bits Word32

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bits Word64

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bits Word8

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Word

Bits Integer

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

Bits Natural

Since: base-4.8.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

Bits Bool

Interpret Bool as 1-bit bit-field

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

Bits Int

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

Methods

(.&.) :: Int -> Int -> Int #

(.|.) :: Int -> Int -> Int #

xor :: Int -> Int -> Int #

complement :: Int -> Int #

shift :: Int -> Int -> Int #

rotate :: Int -> Int -> Int #

zeroBits :: Int #

bit :: Int -> Int #

setBit :: Int -> Int -> Int #

clearBit :: Int -> Int -> Int #

complementBit :: Int -> Int -> Int #

testBit :: Int -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: Int -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: Int -> Int #

isSigned :: Int -> Bool #

shiftL :: Int -> Int -> Int #

unsafeShiftL :: Int -> Int -> Int #

shiftR :: Int -> Int -> Int #

unsafeShiftR :: Int -> Int -> Int #

rotateL :: Int -> Int -> Int #

rotateR :: Int -> Int -> Int #

popCount :: Int -> Int #

Bits Word

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Bits

Bits a => Bits (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(.&.) :: And a -> And a -> And a #

(.|.) :: And a -> And a -> And a #

xor :: And a -> And a -> And a #

complement :: And a -> And a #

shift :: And a -> Int -> And a #

rotate :: And a -> Int -> And a #

zeroBits :: And a #

bit :: Int -> And a #

setBit :: And a -> Int -> And a #

clearBit :: And a -> Int -> And a #

complementBit :: And a -> Int -> And a #

testBit :: And a -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: And a -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: And a -> Int #

isSigned :: And a -> Bool #

shiftL :: And a -> Int -> And a #

unsafeShiftL :: And a -> Int -> And a #

shiftR :: And a -> Int -> And a #

unsafeShiftR :: And a -> Int -> And a #

rotateL :: And a -> Int -> And a #

rotateR :: And a -> Int -> And a #

popCount :: And a -> Int #

Bits a => Bits (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(.&.) :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a #

(.|.) :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a #

xor :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a #

complement :: Iff a -> Iff a #

shift :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

rotate :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

zeroBits :: Iff a #

bit :: Int -> Iff a #

setBit :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

clearBit :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

complementBit :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

testBit :: Iff a -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: Iff a -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: Iff a -> Int #

isSigned :: Iff a -> Bool #

shiftL :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

unsafeShiftL :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

shiftR :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

unsafeShiftR :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

rotateL :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

rotateR :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

popCount :: Iff a -> Int #

Bits a => Bits (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(.&.) :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a #

(.|.) :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a #

xor :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a #

complement :: Ior a -> Ior a #

shift :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

rotate :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

zeroBits :: Ior a #

bit :: Int -> Ior a #

setBit :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

clearBit :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

complementBit :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

testBit :: Ior a -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: Ior a -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: Ior a -> Int #

isSigned :: Ior a -> Bool #

shiftL :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

unsafeShiftL :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

shiftR :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

unsafeShiftR :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

rotateL :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

rotateR :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

popCount :: Ior a -> Int #

Bits a => Bits (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(.&.) :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a #

(.|.) :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a #

xor :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a #

complement :: Xor a -> Xor a #

shift :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

rotate :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

zeroBits :: Xor a #

bit :: Int -> Xor a #

setBit :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

clearBit :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

complementBit :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

testBit :: Xor a -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: Xor a -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: Xor a -> Int #

isSigned :: Xor a -> Bool #

shiftL :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

unsafeShiftL :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

shiftR :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

unsafeShiftR :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

rotateL :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

rotateR :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

popCount :: Xor a -> Int #

Bits w => Bits (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(.&.) :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

(.|.) :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

xor :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

complement :: BE w -> BE w #

shift :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

rotate :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

zeroBits :: BE w #

bit :: Int -> BE w #

setBit :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

clearBit :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

complementBit :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

testBit :: BE w -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: BE w -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: BE w -> Int #

isSigned :: BE w -> Bool #

shiftL :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

unsafeShiftL :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

shiftR :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

unsafeShiftR :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

rotateL :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

rotateR :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

popCount :: BE w -> Int #

Bits w => Bits (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(.&.) :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

(.|.) :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

xor :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

complement :: LE w -> LE w #

shift :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

rotate :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

zeroBits :: LE w #

bit :: Int -> LE w #

setBit :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

clearBit :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

complementBit :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

testBit :: LE w -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: LE w -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: LE w -> Int #

isSigned :: LE w -> Bool #

shiftL :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

unsafeShiftL :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

shiftR :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

unsafeShiftR :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

rotateL :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

rotateR :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

popCount :: LE w -> Int #

Bits a => Bits (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

(.&.) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

(.|.) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

xor :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

complement :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

shift :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

rotate :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

zeroBits :: BYTES a #

bit :: Int -> BYTES a #

setBit :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

clearBit :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

complementBit :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

testBit :: BYTES a -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: BYTES a -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: BYTES a -> Int #

isSigned :: BYTES a -> Bool #

shiftL :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

unsafeShiftL :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

shiftR :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

unsafeShiftR :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

rotateL :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

rotateR :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

popCount :: BYTES a -> Int #

Bits a => Bits (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

(.&.) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

(.|.) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

xor :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

complement :: Const a b -> Const a b #

shift :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

rotate :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

zeroBits :: Const a b #

bit :: Int -> Const a b #

setBit :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

clearBit :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

complementBit :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

testBit :: Const a b -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: Const a b -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: Const a b -> Int #

isSigned :: Const a b -> Bool #

shiftL :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

unsafeShiftL :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

shiftR :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

unsafeShiftR :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

rotateL :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

rotateR :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

popCount :: Const a b -> Int #

class (IsString fmt, Show fmt, Encodable fmt) => Format fmt where #

type ReadS a = String -> [(a, String)] #

A parser for a type a, represented as a function that takes a String and returns a list of possible parses as (a,String) pairs.

Note that this kind of backtracking parser is very inefficient; reading a large structure may be quite slow (cf ReadP).

newtype Iff a #

Monoid under bitwise 'equality'; defined as 1 if the corresponding bits match, and 0 otherwise.

>>> getIff (Iff 0xab <> Iff 0x12) :: Word8
70

Since: base-4.16

Constructors

Iff 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
FiniteBits a => Monoid (Iff a)

This constraint is arguably too strong. However, as some types (such as Natural) have undefined complement, this is the only safe choice.

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

mempty :: Iff a #

mappend :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a #

mconcat :: [Iff a] -> Iff a #

FiniteBits a => Semigroup (Iff a)

This constraint is arguably too strong. However, as some types (such as Natural) have undefined complement, this is the only safe choice.

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(<>) :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Iff a) -> Iff a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Iff a -> Iff a #

Bits a => Bits (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(.&.) :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a #

(.|.) :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a #

xor :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a #

complement :: Iff a -> Iff a #

shift :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

rotate :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

zeroBits :: Iff a #

bit :: Int -> Iff a #

setBit :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

clearBit :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

complementBit :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

testBit :: Iff a -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: Iff a -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: Iff a -> Int #

isSigned :: Iff a -> Bool #

shiftL :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

unsafeShiftL :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

shiftR :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

unsafeShiftR :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

rotateL :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

rotateR :: Iff a -> Int -> Iff a #

popCount :: Iff a -> Int #

FiniteBits a => FiniteBits (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Bounded a => Bounded (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

minBound :: Iff a #

maxBound :: Iff a #

Enum a => Enum (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

succ :: Iff a -> Iff a #

pred :: Iff a -> Iff a #

toEnum :: Int -> Iff a #

fromEnum :: Iff a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Iff a -> [Iff a] #

enumFromThen :: Iff a -> Iff a -> [Iff a] #

enumFromTo :: Iff a -> Iff a -> [Iff a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Iff a -> [Iff a] #

Read a => Read (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Show a => Show (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Iff a -> ShowS #

show :: Iff a -> String #

showList :: [Iff a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (Iff a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(==) :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Iff a -> Iff a -> Bool #

newtype Xor a #

Monoid under bitwise XOR.

>>> getXor (Xor 0xab <> Xor 0x12) :: Word8
185

Since: base-4.16

Constructors

Xor 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Bits a => Monoid (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

mempty :: Xor a #

mappend :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a #

mconcat :: [Xor a] -> Xor a #

Bits a => Semigroup (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(<>) :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Xor a) -> Xor a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Xor a -> Xor a #

Bits a => Bits (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(.&.) :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a #

(.|.) :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a #

xor :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a #

complement :: Xor a -> Xor a #

shift :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

rotate :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

zeroBits :: Xor a #

bit :: Int -> Xor a #

setBit :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

clearBit :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

complementBit :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

testBit :: Xor a -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: Xor a -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: Xor a -> Int #

isSigned :: Xor a -> Bool #

shiftL :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

unsafeShiftL :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

shiftR :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

unsafeShiftR :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

rotateL :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

rotateR :: Xor a -> Int -> Xor a #

popCount :: Xor a -> Int #

FiniteBits a => FiniteBits (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Bounded a => Bounded (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

minBound :: Xor a #

maxBound :: Xor a #

Enum a => Enum (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

succ :: Xor a -> Xor a #

pred :: Xor a -> Xor a #

toEnum :: Int -> Xor a #

fromEnum :: Xor a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Xor a -> [Xor a] #

enumFromThen :: Xor a -> Xor a -> [Xor a] #

enumFromTo :: Xor a -> Xor a -> [Xor a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Xor a -> [Xor a] #

Read a => Read (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Show a => Show (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Xor a -> ShowS #

show :: Xor a -> String #

showList :: [Xor a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (Xor a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(==) :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Xor a -> Xor a -> Bool #

newtype Ior a #

Monoid under bitwise inclusive OR.

>>> getIor (Ior 0xab <> Ior 0x12) :: Word8
187

Since: base-4.16

Constructors

Ior 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Bits a => Monoid (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

mempty :: Ior a #

mappend :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a #

mconcat :: [Ior a] -> Ior a #

Bits a => Semigroup (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(<>) :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Ior a) -> Ior a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Ior a -> Ior a #

Bits a => Bits (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(.&.) :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a #

(.|.) :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a #

xor :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a #

complement :: Ior a -> Ior a #

shift :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

rotate :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

zeroBits :: Ior a #

bit :: Int -> Ior a #

setBit :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

clearBit :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

complementBit :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

testBit :: Ior a -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: Ior a -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: Ior a -> Int #

isSigned :: Ior a -> Bool #

shiftL :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

unsafeShiftL :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

shiftR :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

unsafeShiftR :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

rotateL :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

rotateR :: Ior a -> Int -> Ior a #

popCount :: Ior a -> Int #

FiniteBits a => FiniteBits (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Bounded a => Bounded (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

minBound :: Ior a #

maxBound :: Ior a #

Enum a => Enum (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

succ :: Ior a -> Ior a #

pred :: Ior a -> Ior a #

toEnum :: Int -> Ior a #

fromEnum :: Ior a -> Int #

enumFrom :: Ior a -> [Ior a] #

enumFromThen :: Ior a -> Ior a -> [Ior a] #

enumFromTo :: Ior a -> Ior a -> [Ior a] #

enumFromThenTo :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Ior a -> [Ior a] #

Read a => Read (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Show a => Show (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Ior a -> ShowS #

show :: Ior a -> String #

showList :: [Ior a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (Ior a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(==) :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Ior a -> Ior a -> Bool #

newtype And a #

Monoid under bitwise AND.

>>> getAnd (And 0xab <> And 0x12) :: Word8
2

Since: base-4.16

Constructors

And 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
FiniteBits a => Monoid (And a)

This constraint is arguably too strong. However, as some types (such as Natural) have undefined complement, this is the only safe choice.

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

mempty :: And a #

mappend :: And a -> And a -> And a #

mconcat :: [And a] -> And a #

Bits a => Semigroup (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(<>) :: And a -> And a -> And a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (And a) -> And a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> And a -> And a #

Bits a => Bits (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(.&.) :: And a -> And a -> And a #

(.|.) :: And a -> And a -> And a #

xor :: And a -> And a -> And a #

complement :: And a -> And a #

shift :: And a -> Int -> And a #

rotate :: And a -> Int -> And a #

zeroBits :: And a #

bit :: Int -> And a #

setBit :: And a -> Int -> And a #

clearBit :: And a -> Int -> And a #

complementBit :: And a -> Int -> And a #

testBit :: And a -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: And a -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: And a -> Int #

isSigned :: And a -> Bool #

shiftL :: And a -> Int -> And a #

unsafeShiftL :: And a -> Int -> And a #

shiftR :: And a -> Int -> And a #

unsafeShiftR :: And a -> Int -> And a #

rotateL :: And a -> Int -> And a #

rotateR :: And a -> Int -> And a #

popCount :: And a -> Int #

FiniteBits a => FiniteBits (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Bounded a => Bounded (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

minBound :: And a #

maxBound :: And a #

Enum a => Enum (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

succ :: And a -> And a #

pred :: And a -> And a #

toEnum :: Int -> And a #

fromEnum :: And a -> Int #

enumFrom :: And a -> [And a] #

enumFromThen :: And a -> And a -> [And a] #

enumFromTo :: And a -> And a -> [And a] #

enumFromThenTo :: And a -> And a -> And a -> [And a] #

Read a => Read (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Show a => Show (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> And a -> ShowS #

show :: And a -> String #

showList :: [And a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (And a)

Since: base-4.16

Instance details

Defined in Data.Bits

Methods

(==) :: And a -> And a -> Bool #

(/=) :: And a -> And a -> Bool #

data KProxy t #

A concrete, promotable proxy type, for use at the kind level. There are no instances for this because it is intended at the kind level only

Constructors

KProxy 

data Proxy (t :: k) #

Proxy is a type that holds no data, but has a phantom parameter of arbitrary type (or even kind). Its use is to provide type information, even though there is no value available of that type (or it may be too costly to create one).

Historically, Proxy :: Proxy a is a safer alternative to the undefined :: a idiom.

>>> Proxy :: Proxy (Void, Int -> Int)
Proxy

Proxy can even hold types of higher kinds,

>>> Proxy :: Proxy Either
Proxy
>>> Proxy :: Proxy Functor
Proxy
>>> Proxy :: Proxy complicatedStructure
Proxy

Constructors

Proxy 

Instances

Instances details
Generic1 (Proxy :: k -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep1 Proxy :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a :: k0). Proxy a -> Rep1 Proxy a #

to1 :: forall (a :: k0). Rep1 Proxy a -> Proxy a #

Foldable (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => Proxy m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Proxy a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> Proxy a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Proxy a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Proxy a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Proxy a -> a #

toList :: Proxy a -> [a] #

null :: Proxy a -> Bool #

length :: Proxy a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Proxy a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Proxy a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Proxy a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Proxy a -> a #

product :: Num a => Proxy a -> a #

Traversable (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Proxy a -> f (Proxy b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Proxy (f a) -> f (Proxy a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> Proxy a -> m (Proxy b) #

sequence :: Monad m => Proxy (m a) -> m (Proxy a) #

Alternative (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

empty :: Proxy a #

(<|>) :: Proxy a -> Proxy a -> Proxy a #

some :: Proxy a -> Proxy [a] #

many :: Proxy a -> Proxy [a] #

Applicative (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

pure :: a -> Proxy a #

(<*>) :: Proxy (a -> b) -> Proxy a -> Proxy b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Proxy a -> Proxy b -> Proxy c #

(*>) :: Proxy a -> Proxy b -> Proxy b #

(<*) :: Proxy a -> Proxy b -> Proxy a #

Functor (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Proxy a -> Proxy b #

(<$) :: a -> Proxy b -> Proxy a #

Monad (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

(>>=) :: Proxy a -> (a -> Proxy b) -> Proxy b #

(>>) :: Proxy a -> Proxy b -> Proxy b #

return :: a -> Proxy a #

MonadPlus (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

mzero :: Proxy a #

mplus :: Proxy a -> Proxy a -> Proxy a #

NFData1 (Proxy :: Type -> Type)

Since: deepseq-1.4.3.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

liftRnf :: (a -> ()) -> Proxy a -> () #

Monoid (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

mempty :: Proxy s #

mappend :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Proxy s #

mconcat :: [Proxy s] -> Proxy s #

Semigroup (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

(<>) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Proxy s #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Proxy s) -> Proxy s #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> Proxy s -> Proxy s #

Bounded (Proxy t)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

minBound :: Proxy t #

maxBound :: Proxy t #

Enum (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

succ :: Proxy s -> Proxy s #

pred :: Proxy s -> Proxy s #

toEnum :: Int -> Proxy s #

fromEnum :: Proxy s -> Int #

enumFrom :: Proxy s -> [Proxy s] #

enumFromThen :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> [Proxy s] #

enumFromTo :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> [Proxy s] #

enumFromThenTo :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Proxy s -> [Proxy s] #

Generic (Proxy t) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep (Proxy t) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: Proxy t -> Rep (Proxy t) x #

to :: Rep (Proxy t) x -> Proxy t #

Ix (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

range :: (Proxy s, Proxy s) -> [Proxy s] #

index :: (Proxy s, Proxy s) -> Proxy s -> Int #

unsafeIndex :: (Proxy s, Proxy s) -> Proxy s -> Int #

inRange :: (Proxy s, Proxy s) -> Proxy s -> Bool #

rangeSize :: (Proxy s, Proxy s) -> Int #

unsafeRangeSize :: (Proxy s, Proxy s) -> Int #

Read (Proxy t)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Show (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Proxy s -> ShowS #

show :: Proxy s -> String #

showList :: [Proxy s] -> ShowS #

NFData (Proxy a)

Since: deepseq-1.4.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Proxy a -> () #

Eq (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

(==) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

(/=) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

Ord (Proxy s)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Proxy

Methods

compare :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Ordering #

(<) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

(<=) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

(>) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

(>=) :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Bool #

max :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Proxy s #

min :: Proxy s -> Proxy s -> Proxy s #

type Rep1 (Proxy :: k -> Type)

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep1 (Proxy :: k -> Type) = D1 ('MetaData "Proxy" "Data.Proxy" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "Proxy" 'PrefixI 'False) (U1 :: k -> Type))
type Rep (Proxy t)

Since: base-4.6.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep (Proxy t) = D1 ('MetaData "Proxy" "Data.Proxy" "base" 'False) (C1 ('MetaCons "Proxy" 'PrefixI 'False) (U1 :: Type -> Type))

data IOMode #

Instances

Instances details
Enum IOMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.IOMode

Ix IOMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.IOMode

Read IOMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.IOMode

Show IOMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.IOMode

Eq IOMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.IOMode

Methods

(==) :: IOMode -> IOMode -> Bool #

(/=) :: IOMode -> IOMode -> Bool #

Ord IOMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.IOMode

newtype Const a (b :: k) #

The Const functor.

Constructors

Const 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Generic1 (Const a :: k -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Associated Types

type Rep1 (Const a) :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a0 :: k0). Const a a0 -> Rep1 (Const a) a0 #

to1 :: forall (a0 :: k0). Rep1 (Const a) a0 -> Const a a0 #

Unbox a => Vector Vector (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Methods

basicUnsafeFreeze :: Mutable Vector s (Const a b) -> ST s (Vector (Const a b)) #

basicUnsafeThaw :: Vector (Const a b) -> ST s (Mutable Vector s (Const a b)) #

basicLength :: Vector (Const a b) -> Int #

basicUnsafeSlice :: Int -> Int -> Vector (Const a b) -> Vector (Const a b) #

basicUnsafeIndexM :: Vector (Const a b) -> Int -> Box (Const a b) #

basicUnsafeCopy :: Mutable Vector s (Const a b) -> Vector (Const a b) -> ST s () #

elemseq :: Vector (Const a b) -> Const a b -> b0 -> b0 #

Unbox a => MVector MVector (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

Methods

basicLength :: MVector s (Const a b) -> Int #

basicUnsafeSlice :: Int -> Int -> MVector s (Const a b) -> MVector s (Const a b) #

basicOverlaps :: MVector s (Const a b) -> MVector s (Const a b) -> Bool #

basicUnsafeNew :: Int -> ST s (MVector s (Const a b)) #

basicInitialize :: MVector s (Const a b) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeReplicate :: Int -> Const a b -> ST s (MVector s (Const a b)) #

basicUnsafeRead :: MVector s (Const a b) -> Int -> ST s (Const a b) #

basicUnsafeWrite :: MVector s (Const a b) -> Int -> Const a b -> ST s () #

basicClear :: MVector s (Const a b) -> ST s () #

basicSet :: MVector s (Const a b) -> Const a b -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeCopy :: MVector s (Const a b) -> MVector s (Const a b) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeMove :: MVector s (Const a b) -> MVector s (Const a b) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeGrow :: MVector s (Const a b) -> Int -> ST s (MVector s (Const a b)) #

Arbitrary2 (Const :: Type -> Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary2 :: Gen a -> Gen b -> Gen (Const a b) #

liftShrink2 :: (a -> [a]) -> (b -> [b]) -> Const a b -> [Const a b] #

NFData2 (Const :: Type -> Type -> Type)

Since: deepseq-1.4.3.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

liftRnf2 :: (a -> ()) -> (b -> ()) -> Const a b -> () #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary1 (Const a :: Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a0 -> Gen (Const a a0) #

liftShrink :: (a0 -> [a0]) -> Const a a0 -> [Const a a0] #

Foldable (Const m :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

fold :: Monoid m0 => Const m m0 -> m0 #

foldMap :: Monoid m0 => (a -> m0) -> Const m a -> m0 #

foldMap' :: Monoid m0 => (a -> m0) -> Const m a -> m0 #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Const m a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> Const m a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Const m a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> Const m a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Const m a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> Const m a -> a #

toList :: Const m a -> [a] #

null :: Const m a -> Bool #

length :: Const m a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> Const m a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => Const m a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => Const m a -> a #

sum :: Num a => Const m a -> a #

product :: Num a => Const m a -> a #

Traversable (Const m :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> Const m a -> f (Const m b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => Const m (f a) -> f (Const m a) #

mapM :: Monad m0 => (a -> m0 b) -> Const m a -> m0 (Const m b) #

sequence :: Monad m0 => Const m (m0 a) -> m0 (Const m a) #

Monoid m => Applicative (Const m :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-2.0.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

pure :: a -> Const m a #

(<*>) :: Const m (a -> b) -> Const m a -> Const m b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Const m a -> Const m b -> Const m c #

(*>) :: Const m a -> Const m b -> Const m b #

(<*) :: Const m a -> Const m b -> Const m a #

Functor (Const m :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Const m a -> Const m b #

(<$) :: a -> Const m b -> Const m a #

NFData a => NFData1 (Const a :: Type -> Type)

Since: deepseq-1.4.3.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

liftRnf :: (a0 -> ()) -> Const a a0 -> () #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Const a b) #

shrink :: Const a b -> [Const a b] #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Const a b -> Gen b0 -> Gen b0 #

Function a => Function (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Const a b -> b0) -> Const a b :-> b0 #

IsString a => IsString (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.String

Methods

fromString :: String -> Const a b #

Storable a => Storable (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

sizeOf :: Const a b -> Int #

alignment :: Const a b -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (Const a b) -> Int -> IO (Const a b) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Const a b) -> Int -> Const a b -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b0 -> Int -> IO (Const a b) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b0 -> Int -> Const a b -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (Const a b) -> IO (Const a b) #

poke :: Ptr (Const a b) -> Const a b -> IO () #

Monoid a => Monoid (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

mempty :: Const a b #

mappend :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

mconcat :: [Const a b] -> Const a b #

Semigroup a => Semigroup (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

(<>) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (Const a b) -> Const a b #

stimes :: Integral b0 => b0 -> Const a b -> Const a b #

Bits a => Bits (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

(.&.) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

(.|.) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

xor :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

complement :: Const a b -> Const a b #

shift :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

rotate :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

zeroBits :: Const a b #

bit :: Int -> Const a b #

setBit :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

clearBit :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

complementBit :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

testBit :: Const a b -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: Const a b -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: Const a b -> Int #

isSigned :: Const a b -> Bool #

shiftL :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

unsafeShiftL :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

shiftR :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

unsafeShiftR :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

rotateL :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

rotateR :: Const a b -> Int -> Const a b #

popCount :: Const a b -> Int #

FiniteBits a => FiniteBits (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Bounded a => Bounded (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

minBound :: Const a b #

maxBound :: Const a b #

Enum a => Enum (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

succ :: Const a b -> Const a b #

pred :: Const a b -> Const a b #

toEnum :: Int -> Const a b #

fromEnum :: Const a b -> Int #

enumFrom :: Const a b -> [Const a b] #

enumFromThen :: Const a b -> Const a b -> [Const a b] #

enumFromTo :: Const a b -> Const a b -> [Const a b] #

enumFromThenTo :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b -> [Const a b] #

Floating a => Floating (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

pi :: Const a b #

exp :: Const a b -> Const a b #

log :: Const a b -> Const a b #

sqrt :: Const a b -> Const a b #

(**) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

logBase :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

sin :: Const a b -> Const a b #

cos :: Const a b -> Const a b #

tan :: Const a b -> Const a b #

asin :: Const a b -> Const a b #

acos :: Const a b -> Const a b #

atan :: Const a b -> Const a b #

sinh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

cosh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

tanh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

asinh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

acosh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

atanh :: Const a b -> Const a b #

log1p :: Const a b -> Const a b #

expm1 :: Const a b -> Const a b #

log1pexp :: Const a b -> Const a b #

log1mexp :: Const a b -> Const a b #

RealFloat a => RealFloat (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

floatRadix :: Const a b -> Integer #

floatDigits :: Const a b -> Int #

floatRange :: Const a b -> (Int, Int) #

decodeFloat :: Const a b -> (Integer, Int) #

encodeFloat :: Integer -> Int -> Const a b #

exponent :: Const a b -> Int #

significand :: Const a b -> Const a b #

scaleFloat :: Int -> Const a b -> Const a b #

isNaN :: Const a b -> Bool #

isInfinite :: Const a b -> Bool #

isDenormalized :: Const a b -> Bool #

isNegativeZero :: Const a b -> Bool #

isIEEE :: Const a b -> Bool #

atan2 :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

Generic (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Associated Types

type Rep (Const a b) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: Const a b -> Rep (Const a b) x #

to :: Rep (Const a b) x -> Const a b #

Ix a => Ix (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

range :: (Const a b, Const a b) -> [Const a b] #

index :: (Const a b, Const a b) -> Const a b -> Int #

unsafeIndex :: (Const a b, Const a b) -> Const a b -> Int #

inRange :: (Const a b, Const a b) -> Const a b -> Bool #

rangeSize :: (Const a b, Const a b) -> Int #

unsafeRangeSize :: (Const a b, Const a b) -> Int #

Num a => Num (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

(+) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

(-) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

(*) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

negate :: Const a b -> Const a b #

abs :: Const a b -> Const a b #

signum :: Const a b -> Const a b #

fromInteger :: Integer -> Const a b #

Read a => Read (Const a b)

This instance would be equivalent to the derived instances of the Const newtype if the getConst field were removed

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Fractional a => Fractional (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

(/) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

recip :: Const a b -> Const a b #

fromRational :: Rational -> Const a b #

Integral a => Integral (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

quot :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

rem :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

div :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

mod :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

quotRem :: Const a b -> Const a b -> (Const a b, Const a b) #

divMod :: Const a b -> Const a b -> (Const a b, Const a b) #

toInteger :: Const a b -> Integer #

Real a => Real (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

toRational :: Const a b -> Rational #

RealFrac a => RealFrac (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

properFraction :: Integral b0 => Const a b -> (b0, Const a b) #

truncate :: Integral b0 => Const a b -> b0 #

round :: Integral b0 => Const a b -> b0 #

ceiling :: Integral b0 => Const a b -> b0 #

floor :: Integral b0 => Const a b -> b0 #

Show a => Show (Const a b)

This instance would be equivalent to the derived instances of the Const newtype if the getConst field were removed

Since: base-4.8.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Const a b -> ShowS #

show :: Const a b -> String #

showList :: [Const a b] -> ShowS #

NFData a => NFData (Const a b)

Since: deepseq-1.4.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Const a b -> () #

Eq a => Eq (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

(==) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

(/=) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

Methods

compare :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Ordering #

(<) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

(<=) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

(>) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

(>=) :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Bool #

max :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

min :: Const a b -> Const a b -> Const a b #

Unbox a => Unbox (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

type Rep1 (Const a :: k -> Type)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

type Rep1 (Const a :: k -> Type) = D1 ('MetaData "Const" "Data.Functor.Const" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Const" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getConst") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))
newtype MVector s (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype MVector s (Const a b) = MV_Const (MVector s a)
type Rep (Const a b)

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Const

type Rep (Const a b) = D1 ('MetaData "Const" "Data.Functor.Const" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "Const" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getConst") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 a)))
newtype Vector (Const a b) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

newtype Vector (Const a b) = V_Const (Vector a)

type FilePath = String #

File and directory names are values of type String, whose precise meaning is operating system dependent. Files can be opened, yielding a handle which can then be used to operate on the contents of that file.

data SeekMode #

A mode that determines the effect of hSeek hdl mode i.

Constructors

AbsoluteSeek

the position of hdl is set to i.

RelativeSeek

the position of hdl is set to offset i from the current position.

SeekFromEnd

the position of hdl is set to offset i from the end of the file.

Instances

Instances details
Enum SeekMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

Ix SeekMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

Read SeekMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

Show SeekMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

Eq SeekMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

Ord SeekMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Device

data NewlineMode #

Specifies the translation, if any, of newline characters between internal Strings and the external file or stream. Haskell Strings are assumed to represent newlines with the '\n' character; the newline mode specifies how to translate '\n' on output, and what to translate into '\n' on input.

Constructors

NewlineMode 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary NewlineMode 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

CoArbitrary NewlineMode 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: NewlineMode -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function NewlineMode 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (NewlineMode -> b) -> NewlineMode :-> b #

Read NewlineMode

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Show NewlineMode

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Eq NewlineMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Ord NewlineMode

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

data Newline #

The representation of a newline in the external file or stream.

Constructors

LF
'\n'
CRLF
'\r\n'

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Newline 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

CoArbitrary Newline 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: Newline -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Function Newline 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Function

Methods

function :: (Newline -> b) -> Newline :-> b #

Read Newline

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Show Newline

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Eq Newline

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Methods

(==) :: Newline -> Newline -> Bool #

(/=) :: Newline -> Newline -> Bool #

Ord Newline

Since: base-4.3.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

data BufferMode #

Three kinds of buffering are supported: line-buffering, block-buffering or no-buffering. These modes have the following effects. For output, items are written out, or flushed, from the internal buffer according to the buffer mode:

  • line-buffering: the entire output buffer is flushed whenever a newline is output, the buffer overflows, a hFlush is issued, or the handle is closed.
  • block-buffering: the entire buffer is written out whenever it overflows, a hFlush is issued, or the handle is closed.
  • no-buffering: output is written immediately, and never stored in the buffer.

An implementation is free to flush the buffer more frequently, but not less frequently, than specified above. The output buffer is emptied as soon as it has been written out.

Similarly, input occurs according to the buffer mode for the handle:

  • line-buffering: when the buffer for the handle is not empty, the next item is obtained from the buffer; otherwise, when the buffer is empty, characters up to and including the next newline character are read into the buffer. No characters are available until the newline character is available or the buffer is full.
  • block-buffering: when the buffer for the handle becomes empty, the next block of data is read into the buffer.
  • no-buffering: the next input item is read and returned. The hLookAhead operation implies that even a no-buffered handle may require a one-character buffer.

The default buffering mode when a handle is opened is implementation-dependent and may depend on the file system object which is attached to that handle. For most implementations, physical files will normally be block-buffered and terminals will normally be line-buffered.

Constructors

NoBuffering

buffering is disabled if possible.

LineBuffering

line-buffering should be enabled if possible.

BlockBuffering (Maybe Int)

block-buffering should be enabled if possible. The size of the buffer is n items if the argument is Just n and is otherwise implementation-dependent.

Instances

Instances details
Read BufferMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Show BufferMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Eq BufferMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

Ord BufferMode

Since: base-4.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle.Types

data HandlePosn #

Instances

Instances details
Show HandlePosn

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle

Eq HandlePosn

Since: base-4.1.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IO.Handle

newtype ZipList a #

Lists, but with an Applicative functor based on zipping.

Constructors

ZipList 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary1 ZipList 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

liftArbitrary :: Gen a -> Gen (ZipList a) #

liftShrink :: (a -> [a]) -> ZipList a -> [ZipList a] #

Foldable ZipList

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => ZipList m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> ZipList a -> m #

foldMap' :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> ZipList a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ZipList a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> ZipList a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ZipList a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> ZipList a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ZipList a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> ZipList a -> a #

toList :: ZipList a -> [a] #

null :: ZipList a -> Bool #

length :: ZipList a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => ZipList a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => ZipList a -> a #

sum :: Num a => ZipList a -> a #

product :: Num a => ZipList a -> a #

Traversable ZipList

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> ZipList a -> f (ZipList b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => ZipList (f a) -> f (ZipList a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> ZipList a -> m (ZipList b) #

sequence :: Monad m => ZipList (m a) -> m (ZipList a) #

Alternative ZipList

Since: base-4.11.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

empty :: ZipList a #

(<|>) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> ZipList a #

some :: ZipList a -> ZipList [a] #

many :: ZipList a -> ZipList [a] #

Applicative ZipList
f <$> ZipList xs1 <*> ... <*> ZipList xsN
    = ZipList (zipWithN f xs1 ... xsN)

where zipWithN refers to the zipWith function of the appropriate arity (zipWith, zipWith3, zipWith4, ...). For example:

(\a b c -> stimes c [a, b]) <$> ZipList "abcd" <*> ZipList "567" <*> ZipList [1..]
    = ZipList (zipWith3 (\a b c -> stimes c [a, b]) "abcd" "567" [1..])
    = ZipList {getZipList = ["a5","b6b6","c7c7c7"]}

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

pure :: a -> ZipList a #

(<*>) :: ZipList (a -> b) -> ZipList a -> ZipList b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> ZipList a -> ZipList b -> ZipList c #

(*>) :: ZipList a -> ZipList b -> ZipList b #

(<*) :: ZipList a -> ZipList b -> ZipList a #

Functor ZipList

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> ZipList a -> ZipList b #

(<$) :: a -> ZipList b -> ZipList a #

NFData1 ZipList

Since: deepseq-1.4.3.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

liftRnf :: (a -> ()) -> ZipList a -> () #

Generic1 ZipList 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Associated Types

type Rep1 ZipList :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a :: k). ZipList a -> Rep1 ZipList a #

to1 :: forall (a :: k). Rep1 ZipList a -> ZipList a #

Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (ZipList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (ZipList a) #

shrink :: ZipList a -> [ZipList a] #

CoArbitrary a => CoArbitrary (ZipList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

coarbitrary :: ZipList a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Generic (ZipList a) 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Associated Types

type Rep (ZipList a) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: ZipList a -> Rep (ZipList a) x #

to :: Rep (ZipList a) x -> ZipList a #

IsList (ZipList a)

Since: base-4.15.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.IsList

Associated Types

type Item (ZipList a) #

Methods

fromList :: [Item (ZipList a)] -> ZipList a #

fromListN :: Int -> [Item (ZipList a)] -> ZipList a #

toList :: ZipList a -> [Item (ZipList a)] #

Read a => Read (ZipList a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Show a => Show (ZipList a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> ZipList a -> ShowS #

show :: ZipList a -> String #

showList :: [ZipList a] -> ShowS #

NFData a => NFData (ZipList a)

Since: deepseq-1.4.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: ZipList a -> () #

Eq a => Eq (ZipList a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

(==) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

(/=) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (ZipList a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

compare :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Ordering #

(<) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

(<=) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

(>) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

(>=) :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> Bool #

max :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> ZipList a #

min :: ZipList a -> ZipList a -> ZipList a #

type Rep1 ZipList

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

type Rep1 ZipList = D1 ('MetaData "ZipList" "Control.Applicative" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "ZipList" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getZipList") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec1 List)))
type Rep (ZipList a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

type Rep (ZipList a) = D1 ('MetaData "ZipList" "Control.Applicative" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "ZipList" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "getZipList") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 [a])))
type Item (ZipList a) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.IsList

type Item (ZipList a) = a

newtype WrappedArrow (a :: Type -> Type -> Type) b c #

Constructors

WrapArrow 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Generic1 (WrappedArrow a b :: Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Associated Types

type Rep1 (WrappedArrow a b) :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a0 :: k). WrappedArrow a b a0 -> Rep1 (WrappedArrow a b) a0 #

to1 :: forall (a0 :: k). Rep1 (WrappedArrow a b) a0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 #

(ArrowZero a, ArrowPlus a) => Alternative (WrappedArrow a b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

empty :: WrappedArrow a b a0 #

(<|>) :: WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 #

some :: WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b [a0] #

many :: WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b [a0] #

Arrow a => Applicative (WrappedArrow a b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

pure :: a0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 #

(<*>) :: WrappedArrow a b (a0 -> b0) -> WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 #

liftA2 :: (a0 -> b0 -> c) -> WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 -> WrappedArrow a b c #

(*>) :: WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 #

(<*) :: WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 #

Arrow a => Functor (WrappedArrow a b)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

fmap :: (a0 -> b0) -> WrappedArrow a b a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 #

(<$) :: a0 -> WrappedArrow a b b0 -> WrappedArrow a b a0 #

Arbitrary (a b c) => Arbitrary (WrappedArrow a b c) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (WrappedArrow a b c) #

shrink :: WrappedArrow a b c -> [WrappedArrow a b c] #

Generic (WrappedArrow a b c) 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Associated Types

type Rep (WrappedArrow a b c) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: WrappedArrow a b c -> Rep (WrappedArrow a b c) x #

to :: Rep (WrappedArrow a b c) x -> WrappedArrow a b c #

type Rep1 (WrappedArrow a b :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

type Rep1 (WrappedArrow a b :: Type -> Type) = D1 ('MetaData "WrappedArrow" "Control.Applicative" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "WrapArrow" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "unwrapArrow") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec1 (a b))))
type Rep (WrappedArrow a b c)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

type Rep (WrappedArrow a b c) = D1 ('MetaData "WrappedArrow" "Control.Applicative" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "WrapArrow" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "unwrapArrow") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 (a b c))))

newtype WrappedMonad (m :: Type -> Type) a #

Constructors

WrapMonad 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Generic1 (WrappedMonad m :: Type -> Type) 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Associated Types

type Rep1 (WrappedMonad m) :: k -> Type #

Methods

from1 :: forall (a :: k). WrappedMonad m a -> Rep1 (WrappedMonad m) a #

to1 :: forall (a :: k). Rep1 (WrappedMonad m) a -> WrappedMonad m a #

MonadPlus m => Alternative (WrappedMonad m)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

empty :: WrappedMonad m a #

(<|>) :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m a #

some :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m [a] #

many :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m [a] #

Monad m => Applicative (WrappedMonad m)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

pure :: a -> WrappedMonad m a #

(<*>) :: WrappedMonad m (a -> b) -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b #

liftA2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m c #

(*>) :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m b #

(<*) :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m a #

Monad m => Functor (WrappedMonad m)

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b #

(<$) :: a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m a #

Monad m => Monad (WrappedMonad m)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Methods

(>>=) :: WrappedMonad m a -> (a -> WrappedMonad m b) -> WrappedMonad m b #

(>>) :: WrappedMonad m a -> WrappedMonad m b -> WrappedMonad m b #

return :: a -> WrappedMonad m a #

Arbitrary (m a) => Arbitrary (WrappedMonad m a) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.QuickCheck.Arbitrary

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (WrappedMonad m a) #

shrink :: WrappedMonad m a -> [WrappedMonad m a] #

Generic (WrappedMonad m a) 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

Associated Types

type Rep (WrappedMonad m a) :: Type -> Type #

Methods

from :: WrappedMonad m a -> Rep (WrappedMonad m a) x #

to :: Rep (WrappedMonad m a) x -> WrappedMonad m a #

type Rep1 (WrappedMonad m :: Type -> Type)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

type Rep1 (WrappedMonad m :: Type -> Type) = D1 ('MetaData "WrappedMonad" "Control.Applicative" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "WrapMonad" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "unwrapMonad") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec1 m)))
type Rep (WrappedMonad m a)

Since: base-4.7.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Control.Applicative

type Rep (WrappedMonad m a) = D1 ('MetaData "WrappedMonad" "Control.Applicative" "base" 'True) (C1 ('MetaCons "WrapMonad" 'PrefixI 'True) (S1 ('MetaSel ('Just "unwrapMonad") 'NoSourceUnpackedness 'NoSourceStrictness 'DecidedLazy) (Rec0 (m a))))

class Example e #

A type class for examples

Minimal complete definition

evaluateExample

Associated Types

type Arg e #

type Arg e = ()

Instances

Instances details
Example Result 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg Result #

Example Expectation 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg Expectation #

Example Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg Bool #

Example (a -> Result) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg (a -> Result) #

Methods

evaluateExample :: (a -> Result) -> Params -> (ActionWith (Arg (a -> Result)) -> IO ()) -> ProgressCallback -> IO Result #

Example (a -> Expectation) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg (a -> Expectation) #

Methods

evaluateExample :: (a -> Expectation) -> Params -> (ActionWith (Arg (a -> Expectation)) -> IO ()) -> ProgressCallback -> IO Result #

Example (a -> Bool) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

Associated Types

type Arg (a -> Bool) #

Methods

evaluateExample :: (a -> Bool) -> Params -> (ActionWith (Arg (a -> Bool)) -> IO ()) -> ProgressCallback -> IO Result #

type family Arg e #

Instances

Instances details
type Arg Property 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.QuickCheck

type Arg Property = ()
type Arg Result 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg Result = ()
type Arg Expectation 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg Expectation = ()
type Arg Bool 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg Bool = ()
type Arg (a -> Property) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.QuickCheck

type Arg (a -> Property) = a
type Arg (a -> Result) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg (a -> Result) = a
type Arg (a -> Expectation) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg (a -> Expectation) = a
type Arg (a -> Bool) 
Instance details

Defined in Test.Hspec.Core.Example

type Arg (a -> Bool) = a

data family Key p #

Instances

Instances details
Initialisable ChaCha20Mem (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

initialise :: Key ChaCha20 -> ChaCha20Mem -> IO () #

Arbitrary (Key ChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Key XChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Key (Keyed prim)) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (Key (Keyed prim)) #

shrink :: Key (Keyed prim) -> [Key (Keyed prim)] #

Arbitrary (Key Poly1305) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

IsString (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

IsString (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

IsString (Key (Keyed prim)) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

fromString :: String -> Key (Keyed prim) #

Storable (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Key (Keyed prim)) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Key (Keyed prim) -> ShowS #

show :: Key (Keyed prim) -> String #

showList :: [Key (Keyed prim)] -> ShowS #

Show (Key Poly1305) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Eq (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Key (Keyed prim)) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

toByteString :: Key (Keyed prim) -> ByteString #

fromByteString :: ByteString -> Maybe (Key (Keyed prim)) #

unsafeFromByteString :: ByteString -> Key (Keyed prim) #

EndianStore (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

store :: Ptr (Key ChaCha20) -> Key ChaCha20 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (Key ChaCha20) -> IO (Key ChaCha20) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (Key ChaCha20) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Equality (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

eq :: Key ChaCha20 -> Key ChaCha20 -> Result #

Initialisable (MemoryCell (Key ChaCha20)) (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

newtype Key ChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

newtype Key ChaCha20 = Key KEY
newtype Key XChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

newtype Key XChaCha20 = XKey KEY
data Key Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

data Key Poly1305 = Key R S
newtype Key (Keyed prim) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

newtype Key (Keyed prim) = Key ByteString

data ByteString #

A space-efficient representation of a Word8 vector, supporting many efficient operations.

A ByteString contains 8-bit bytes, or by using the operations from Data.ByteString.Char8 it can be interpreted as containing 8-bit characters.

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary ByteString Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Data ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Methods

gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> ByteString -> c ByteString #

gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c ByteString #

toConstr :: ByteString -> Constr #

dataTypeOf :: ByteString -> DataType #

dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c ByteString) #

dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c ByteString) #

gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> ByteString -> ByteString #

gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> ByteString -> r #

gmapQr :: forall r r'. (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> ByteString -> r #

gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> ByteString -> [u] #

gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> ByteString -> u #

gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ByteString -> m ByteString #

gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ByteString -> m ByteString #

gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> ByteString -> m ByteString #

IsString ByteString

Beware: fromString truncates multi-byte characters to octets. e.g. "枯朶に烏のとまりけり秋の暮" becomes �6k�nh~�Q��n�

Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Monoid ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Semigroup ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

IsList ByteString

Since: bytestring-0.10.12.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Associated Types

type Item ByteString #

Read ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Show ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

NFData ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Methods

rnf :: ByteString -> () #

Eq ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Ord ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

ByteSource ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

PureByteSource ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Encodable ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Format ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Lift ByteString

Since: bytestring-0.11.2.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

Methods

lift :: Quote m => ByteString -> m Exp #

liftTyped :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Quote m => ByteString -> Code m ByteString #

type Item ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Data.ByteString.Internal.Type

type ActionWith a = a -> IO () #

An IO action that expects an argument of type a

type SpecWith a = SpecM a () #

type Spec = SpecWith () #

data Tuple (dim :: Nat) a #

Instances

Instances details
(Unbox a, Storable a, Dimension dim) => Storable (Tuple dim a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Tuple

Methods

sizeOf :: Tuple dim a -> Int #

alignment :: Tuple dim a -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> Int -> IO (Tuple dim a) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> Int -> Tuple dim a -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (Tuple dim a) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Tuple dim a -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> IO (Tuple dim a) #

poke :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> Tuple dim a -> IO () #

(Show a, Unbox a) => Show (Tuple dim a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Tuple

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Tuple dim a -> ShowS #

show :: Tuple dim a -> String #

showList :: [Tuple dim a] -> ShowS #

(Unbox a, Equality a) => Eq (Tuple dim a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Tuple

Methods

(==) :: Tuple dim a -> Tuple dim a -> Bool #

(/=) :: Tuple dim a -> Tuple dim a -> Bool #

(Unbox a, EndianStore a, Dimension dim) => EndianStore (Tuple dim a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Tuple

Methods

store :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> Tuple dim a -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> IO (Tuple dim a) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> Int -> IO () #

(Unbox a, Equality a) => Equality (Tuple dim a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Tuple

Methods

eq :: Tuple dim a -> Tuple dim a -> Result #

class (Unbox (WordType p), EndianStore (WordType p), KnownNat (WordsPerBlock p)) => Primitive p #

Associated Types

type WordType p #

type WordsPerBlock p :: Nat #

Instances

Instances details
Primitive ChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Associated Types

type WordType ChaCha20 #

type WordsPerBlock ChaCha20 :: Nat #

Primitive XChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Associated Types

type WordType XChaCha20 #

type WordsPerBlock XChaCha20 :: Nat #

Primitive Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Associated Types

type WordType Poly1305 #

type WordsPerBlock Poly1305 :: Nat #

(Unbox w, EndianStore w) => Primitive (Blake2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Associated Types

type WordType (Blake2 w) #

type WordsPerBlock (Blake2 w) :: Nat #

Primitive prim => Primitive (Keyed prim) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Associated Types

type WordType (Keyed prim) #

type WordsPerBlock (Keyed prim) :: Nat #

(Unbox w, EndianStore w) => Primitive (Sha2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Associated Types

type WordType (Sha2 w) #

type WordsPerBlock (Sha2 w) :: Nat #

newtype Poly1305 #

Constructors

Poly1305 WORD 

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Poly1305 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

IsString Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Storable Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Show Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Eq Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Encodable Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Primitive Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Associated Types

type WordType Poly1305 #

type WordsPerBlock Poly1305 :: Nat #

EndianStore Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Equality Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

eq :: Poly1305 -> Poly1305 -> Result #

Arbitrary (Key Poly1305) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Show (Key Poly1305) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

data Key Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

data Key Poly1305 = Key R S
type WordType Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

type WordsPerBlock Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

data BYTES a #

Instances

Instances details
IsString WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

fromString :: String -> WriteTo #

Functor BYTES 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> BYTES a -> BYTES b #

(<$) :: a -> BYTES b -> BYTES a #

Encodable WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Unbox w => Vector Vector (BYTES w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Unbox w => MVector MVector (BYTES w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

basicLength :: MVector s (BYTES w) -> Int #

basicUnsafeSlice :: Int -> Int -> MVector s (BYTES w) -> MVector s (BYTES w) #

basicOverlaps :: MVector s (BYTES w) -> MVector s (BYTES w) -> Bool #

basicUnsafeNew :: Int -> ST s (MVector s (BYTES w)) #

basicInitialize :: MVector s (BYTES w) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeReplicate :: Int -> BYTES w -> ST s (MVector s (BYTES w)) #

basicUnsafeRead :: MVector s (BYTES w) -> Int -> ST s (BYTES w) #

basicUnsafeWrite :: MVector s (BYTES w) -> Int -> BYTES w -> ST s () #

basicClear :: MVector s (BYTES w) -> ST s () #

basicSet :: MVector s (BYTES w) -> BYTES w -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeCopy :: MVector s (BYTES w) -> MVector s (BYTES w) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeMove :: MVector s (BYTES w) -> MVector s (BYTES w) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeGrow :: MVector s (BYTES w) -> Int -> ST s (MVector s (BYTES w)) #

Arbitrary w => Arbitrary (BYTES w) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (BYTES w) #

shrink :: BYTES w -> [BYTES w] #

Storable a => Storable (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

sizeOf :: BYTES a -> Int #

alignment :: BYTES a -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (BYTES a) -> Int -> IO (BYTES a) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (BYTES a) -> Int -> BYTES a -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (BYTES a) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> BYTES a -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (BYTES a) -> IO (BYTES a) #

poke :: Ptr (BYTES a) -> BYTES a -> IO () #

Num a => Monoid (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

mempty :: BYTES a #

mappend :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

mconcat :: [BYTES a] -> BYTES a #

Num a => Semigroup (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

(<>) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

sconcat :: NonEmpty (BYTES a) -> BYTES a #

stimes :: Integral b => b -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

Bits a => Bits (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

(.&.) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

(.|.) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

xor :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

complement :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

shift :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

rotate :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

zeroBits :: BYTES a #

bit :: Int -> BYTES a #

setBit :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

clearBit :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

complementBit :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

testBit :: BYTES a -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: BYTES a -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: BYTES a -> Int #

isSigned :: BYTES a -> Bool #

shiftL :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

unsafeShiftL :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

shiftR :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

unsafeShiftR :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

rotateL :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

rotateR :: BYTES a -> Int -> BYTES a #

popCount :: BYTES a -> Int #

Bounded a => Bounded (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

minBound :: BYTES a #

maxBound :: BYTES a #

Enum a => Enum (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

succ :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

pred :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

toEnum :: Int -> BYTES a #

fromEnum :: BYTES a -> Int #

enumFrom :: BYTES a -> [BYTES a] #

enumFromThen :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> [BYTES a] #

enumFromTo :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> [BYTES a] #

enumFromThenTo :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a -> [BYTES a] #

Num a => Num (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

(+) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

(-) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

(*) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

negate :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

abs :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

signum :: BYTES a -> BYTES a #

fromInteger :: Integer -> BYTES a #

Integral a => Integral (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

quot :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

rem :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

div :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

mod :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

quotRem :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> (BYTES a, BYTES a) #

divMod :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> (BYTES a, BYTES a) #

toInteger :: BYTES a -> Integer #

Real a => Real (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

toRational :: BYTES a -> Rational #

Show a => Show (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> BYTES a -> ShowS #

show :: BYTES a -> String #

showList :: [BYTES a] -> ShowS #

Eq a => Eq (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

(==) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

(/=) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

Ord a => Ord (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

compare :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Ordering #

(<) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

(<=) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

(>) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

(>=) :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Bool #

max :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

min :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> BYTES a #

Encodable a => Encodable (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

EndianStore w => EndianStore (BYTES w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (BYTES w) -> BYTES w -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (BYTES w) -> IO (BYTES w) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (BYTES w) -> Int -> IO () #

Equality a => Equality (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

eq :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Result #

LengthUnit (BYTES Int) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

inBytes :: BYTES Int -> BYTES Int #

Unbox w => Unbox (BYTES w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Distributive (BYTES Int) (TransferAction t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

LAction (BYTES Int) (TransferAction t) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Methods

(<.>) :: BYTES Int -> TransferAction t -> TransferAction t

newtype MVector s (BYTES w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

newtype MVector s (BYTES w) = MV_BYTES (MVector s w)
newtype Vector (BYTES w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

newtype Vector (BYTES w) = V_BYTES (Vector w)

class ByteSource src where #

Methods

fillBytes :: BYTES Int -> src -> Ptr a -> IO (FillResult src) #

Instances

Instances details
ByteSource Handle 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Methods

fillBytes :: BYTES Int -> Handle -> Ptr a -> IO (FillResult Handle) #

ByteSource ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

ByteSource ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

ByteSource src => ByteSource (Maybe src) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Methods

fillBytes :: BYTES Int -> Maybe src -> Ptr a -> IO (FillResult (Maybe src)) #

ByteSource src => ByteSource [src] 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Methods

fillBytes :: BYTES Int -> [src] -> Ptr a -> IO (FillResult [src]) #

data FillResult a #

Constructors

Remaining a 
Exhausted (BYTES Int) 

Instances

Instances details
Functor FillResult 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> FillResult a -> FillResult b #

(<$) :: a -> FillResult b -> FillResult a #

Show a => Show (FillResult a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Eq a => Eq (FillResult a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

Methods

(==) :: FillResult a -> FillResult a -> Bool #

(/=) :: FillResult a -> FillResult a -> Bool #

class ByteSource src => PureByteSource src #

Instances

Instances details
PureByteSource ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

PureByteSource ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

PureByteSource src => PureByteSource (Maybe src) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

PureByteSource src => PureByteSource [src] 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.ByteSource

data Base16 #

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Base16 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

IsString Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Methods

fromString :: String -> Base16 #

Monoid Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Semigroup Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Show Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Eq Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Methods

(==) :: Base16 -> Base16 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Base16 -> Base16 -> Bool #

Encodable Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Format Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

data Base64 #

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Base64 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

IsString Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Methods

fromString :: String -> Base64 #

Monoid Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Semigroup Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Show Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Eq Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Methods

(==) :: Base64 -> Base64 -> Bool #

(/=) :: Base64 -> Base64 -> Bool #

Encodable Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Format Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

class Encodable a where #

Minimal complete definition

Nothing

Instances

Instances details
Encodable Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable ByteString 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable Base16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base16

Encodable Base64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Base64

Encodable WriteTo 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Transfer.Unsafe

Encodable Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Encodable R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Encodable S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Encodable () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Key (Keyed prim)) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

toByteString :: Key (Keyed prim) -> ByteString #

fromByteString :: ByteString -> Maybe (Key (Keyed prim)) #

unsafeFromByteString :: ByteString -> Key (Keyed prim) #

Encodable (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (BE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable (BE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable (LE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable (LE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable a => Encodable (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

(Unbox w, EndianStore w) => Encodable (Blake2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

toByteString :: Blake2 w -> ByteString #

fromByteString :: ByteString -> Maybe (Blake2 w) #

unsafeFromByteString :: ByteString -> Blake2 w #

Encodable prim => Encodable (Keyed prim) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

toByteString :: Keyed prim -> ByteString #

fromByteString :: ByteString -> Maybe (Keyed prim) #

unsafeFromByteString :: ByteString -> Keyed prim #

(Unbox w, EndianStore w) => Encodable (Sha2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

data Access #

type Alloc mem = TwistRF AllocField (BYTES Int) mem #

class Memory m => Extractable m v where #

Methods

extract :: m -> IO v #

Instances

Instances details
Extractable ChaCha20Mem (BlockCount ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable a => Extractable (MemoryCell a) a 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

Methods

extract :: MemoryCell a -> IO a #

class Memory m => Initialisable m v where #

Methods

initialise :: v -> m -> IO () #

Instances

Instances details
Initialisable Blake2bMem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Blake2bMem -> IO () #

Initialisable Blake2sMem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Blake2sMem -> IO () #

Initialisable Sha256Mem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Sha256Mem -> IO () #

Initialisable Sha512Mem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Sha512Mem -> IO () #

Initialisable ChaCha20Mem (BlockCount ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Initialisable ChaCha20Mem (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

initialise :: Key ChaCha20 -> ChaCha20Mem -> IO () #

Initialisable ChaCha20Mem (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable a => Initialisable (MemoryCell a) a 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

Methods

initialise :: a -> MemoryCell a -> IO () #

Initialisable (MemoryCell (Key ChaCha20)) (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

class Memory m where #

Instances

Instances details
Memory VoidMemory 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

Memory ChaCha20Mem 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable a => Memory (MemoryCell a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

(Memory ma, Memory mb) => Memory (ma, mb) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

Methods

memoryAlloc :: Alloc (ma, mb) #

unsafeToPointer :: (ma, mb) -> Ptr Word8 #

(Memory ma, Memory mb, Memory mc) => Memory (ma, mb, mc) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

Methods

memoryAlloc :: Alloc (ma, mb, mc) #

unsafeToPointer :: (ma, mb, mc) -> Ptr Word8 #

(Memory ma, Memory mb, Memory mc, Memory md) => Memory (ma, mb, mc, md) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

Methods

memoryAlloc :: Alloc (ma, mb, mc, md) #

unsafeToPointer :: (ma, mb, mc, md) -> Ptr Word8 #

data MemoryCell a #

Instances

Instances details
Storable a => Memory (MemoryCell a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

EndianStore a => ReadAccessible (MemoryCell a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

EndianStore a => WriteAccessible (MemoryCell a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

Storable a => Extractable (MemoryCell a) a 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

Methods

extract :: MemoryCell a -> IO a #

Storable a => Initialisable (MemoryCell a) a 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

Methods

initialise :: a -> MemoryCell a -> IO () #

Initialisable (MemoryCell (Key ChaCha20)) (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

class Memory mem => ReadAccessible mem where #

Methods

beforeReadAdjustment :: mem -> IO () #

readAccess :: mem -> [Access] #

Instances

Instances details
EndianStore a => ReadAccessible (MemoryCell a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

data VoidMemory #

Instances

Instances details
Memory VoidMemory 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

class Memory mem => WriteAccessible mem where #

Methods

writeAccess :: mem -> [Access] #

afterWriteAdjustment :: mem -> IO () #

Instances

Instances details
WriteAccessible ChaCha20Mem 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

EndianStore a => WriteAccessible (MemoryCell a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Memory

type AlignedBlockPtr (n :: Nat) p = AlignedPtr n (Block p) #

newtype BlockCount p #

Constructors

BlockCount 

Fields

Instances

Instances details
Extractable ChaCha20Mem (BlockCount ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Initialisable ChaCha20Mem (BlockCount ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Arbitrary (BlockCount ChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (BlockCount XChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Storable (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Methods

sizeOf :: BlockCount p -> Int #

alignment :: BlockCount p -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (BlockCount p) -> Int -> IO (BlockCount p) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (BlockCount p) -> Int -> BlockCount p -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (BlockCount p) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> BlockCount p -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (BlockCount p) -> IO (BlockCount p) #

poke :: Ptr (BlockCount p) -> BlockCount p -> IO () #

Monoid (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Semigroup (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Enum (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Show (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Eq (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Methods

(==) :: BlockCount p -> BlockCount p -> Bool #

(/=) :: BlockCount p -> BlockCount p -> Bool #

Ord (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Primitive p => LengthUnit (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Methods

inBytes :: BlockCount p -> BYTES Int #

type BlockPtr p = Ptr (Block p) #

data family Nounce p #

Instances

Instances details
Initialisable ChaCha20Mem (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Arbitrary (Nounce ChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Nounce XChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

IsString (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

IsString (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Eq (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

EndianStore (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

EndianStore (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Equality (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

eq :: Nounce ChaCha20 -> Nounce ChaCha20 -> Result #

newtype Nounce ChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

newtype Nounce ChaCha20 = Nounce (Tuple 3 WORD)
newtype Nounce XChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

newtype Nounce XChaCha20 = XNounce (Tuple 6 WORD)

type family WordType p #

Instances

Instances details
type WordType ChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

type WordType ChaCha20 = WORD
type WordType XChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

type WordType XChaCha20 = WORD
type WordType Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

type WordType (Blake2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

type WordType (Blake2 w) = w
type WordType (Keyed prim) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

type WordType (Keyed prim) = WordType prim
type WordType (Sha2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

type WordType (Sha2 w) = w

type family WordsPerBlock p :: Nat #

Instances

Instances details
type WordsPerBlock ChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

type WordsPerBlock XChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

type WordsPerBlock Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

type WordsPerBlock (Blake2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

type WordsPerBlock (Blake2 w) = 16
type WordsPerBlock (Keyed prim) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

type WordsPerBlock (Keyed prim) = WordsPerBlock prim
type WordsPerBlock (Sha2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

type WordsPerBlock (Sha2 w) = 16

type ReadFrom = Transfer 'ReadFromBuffer #

type Transfer (t :: Mode) = SemiR (TransferAction t) (BYTES Int) #

type WriteTo = Transfer 'WriteToBuffer #

data Dest a #

Instances

Instances details
Functor Dest 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Copying

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Dest a -> Dest b #

(<$) :: a -> Dest b -> Dest a #

data Src a #

Instances

Instances details
Functor Src 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Copying

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> Src a -> Src b #

(<$) :: a -> Src b -> Src a #

data BE w #

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Sha256 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary Sha512 Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Functor BE 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> BE a -> BE b #

(<$) :: a -> BE b -> BE a #

Initialisable Sha256Mem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Sha256Mem -> IO () #

Initialisable Sha512Mem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Sha512Mem -> IO () #

Unbox w => Vector Vector (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

basicUnsafeFreeze :: Mutable Vector s (BE w) -> ST s (Vector (BE w)) #

basicUnsafeThaw :: Vector (BE w) -> ST s (Mutable Vector s (BE w)) #

basicLength :: Vector (BE w) -> Int #

basicUnsafeSlice :: Int -> Int -> Vector (BE w) -> Vector (BE w) #

basicUnsafeIndexM :: Vector (BE w) -> Int -> Box (BE w) #

basicUnsafeCopy :: Mutable Vector s (BE w) -> Vector (BE w) -> ST s () #

elemseq :: Vector (BE w) -> BE w -> b -> b #

Unbox w => MVector MVector (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

basicLength :: MVector s (BE w) -> Int #

basicUnsafeSlice :: Int -> Int -> MVector s (BE w) -> MVector s (BE w) #

basicOverlaps :: MVector s (BE w) -> MVector s (BE w) -> Bool #

basicUnsafeNew :: Int -> ST s (MVector s (BE w)) #

basicInitialize :: MVector s (BE w) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeReplicate :: Int -> BE w -> ST s (MVector s (BE w)) #

basicUnsafeRead :: MVector s (BE w) -> Int -> ST s (BE w) #

basicUnsafeWrite :: MVector s (BE w) -> Int -> BE w -> ST s () #

basicClear :: MVector s (BE w) -> ST s () #

basicSet :: MVector s (BE w) -> BE w -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeCopy :: MVector s (BE w) -> MVector s (BE w) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeMove :: MVector s (BE w) -> MVector s (BE w) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeGrow :: MVector s (BE w) -> Int -> ST s (MVector s (BE w)) #

Arbitrary w => Arbitrary (BE w) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (BE w) #

shrink :: BE w -> [BE w] #

Storable w => Storable (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

sizeOf :: BE w -> Int #

alignment :: BE w -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (BE w) -> Int -> IO (BE w) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (BE w) -> Int -> BE w -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (BE w) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> BE w -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (BE w) -> IO (BE w) #

poke :: Ptr (BE w) -> BE w -> IO () #

Bits w => Bits (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(.&.) :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

(.|.) :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

xor :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

complement :: BE w -> BE w #

shift :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

rotate :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

zeroBits :: BE w #

bit :: Int -> BE w #

setBit :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

clearBit :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

complementBit :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

testBit :: BE w -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: BE w -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: BE w -> Int #

isSigned :: BE w -> Bool #

shiftL :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

unsafeShiftL :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

shiftR :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

unsafeShiftR :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

rotateL :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

rotateR :: BE w -> Int -> BE w #

popCount :: BE w -> Int #

Bounded w => Bounded (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

minBound :: BE w #

maxBound :: BE w #

Enum w => Enum (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

succ :: BE w -> BE w #

pred :: BE w -> BE w #

toEnum :: Int -> BE w #

fromEnum :: BE w -> Int #

enumFrom :: BE w -> [BE w] #

enumFromThen :: BE w -> BE w -> [BE w] #

enumFromTo :: BE w -> BE w -> [BE w] #

enumFromThenTo :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w -> [BE w] #

Num w => Num (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(+) :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

(-) :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

(*) :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

negate :: BE w -> BE w #

abs :: BE w -> BE w #

signum :: BE w -> BE w #

fromInteger :: Integer -> BE w #

Read w => Read (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Integral w => Integral (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

quot :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

rem :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

div :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

mod :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

quotRem :: BE w -> BE w -> (BE w, BE w) #

divMod :: BE w -> BE w -> (BE w, BE w) #

toInteger :: BE w -> Integer #

Real w => Real (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

toRational :: BE w -> Rational #

Show w => Show (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> BE w -> ShowS #

show :: BE w -> String #

showList :: [BE w] -> ShowS #

NFData w => NFData (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

rnf :: BE w -> () #

Eq w => Eq (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(==) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

(/=) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

Ord w => Ord (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

compare :: BE w -> BE w -> Ordering #

(<) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

(<=) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

(>) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

(>=) :: BE w -> BE w -> Bool #

max :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

min :: BE w -> BE w -> BE w #

Encodable (BE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable (BE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

EndianStore (BE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (BE Word32) -> BE Word32 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (BE Word32) -> IO (BE Word32) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (BE Word32) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore (BE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (BE Word64) -> BE Word64 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (BE Word64) -> IO (BE Word64) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (BE Word64) -> Int -> IO () #

Equality w => Equality (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

eq :: BE w -> BE w -> Result #

Unbox w => Unbox (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

newtype MVector s (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

newtype MVector s (BE w) = MV_BE (MVector s w)
newtype Vector (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

newtype Vector (BE w) = V_BE (Vector w)

class Storable w => EndianStore w where #

Methods

store :: Ptr w -> w -> IO () #

load :: Ptr w -> IO w #

adjustEndian :: Ptr w -> Int -> IO () #

Instances

Instances details
EndianStore Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr Word8 -> Word8 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr Word8 -> IO Word8 #

adjustEndian :: Ptr Word8 -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

EndianStore R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

store :: Ptr R -> R -> IO () #

load :: Ptr R -> IO R #

adjustEndian :: Ptr R -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

store :: Ptr S -> S -> IO () #

load :: Ptr S -> IO S #

adjustEndian :: Ptr S -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr () -> () -> IO () #

load :: Ptr () -> IO () #

adjustEndian :: Ptr () -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

store :: Ptr (Key ChaCha20) -> Key ChaCha20 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (Key ChaCha20) -> IO (Key ChaCha20) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (Key ChaCha20) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

EndianStore (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

EndianStore (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

EndianStore (BE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (BE Word32) -> BE Word32 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (BE Word32) -> IO (BE Word32) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (BE Word32) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore (BE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (BE Word64) -> BE Word64 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (BE Word64) -> IO (BE Word64) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (BE Word64) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore (LE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (LE Word32) -> LE Word32 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (LE Word32) -> IO (LE Word32) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (LE Word32) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore (LE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (LE Word64) -> LE Word64 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (LE Word64) -> IO (LE Word64) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (LE Word64) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore w => EndianStore (BYTES w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (BYTES w) -> BYTES w -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (BYTES w) -> IO (BYTES w) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (BYTES w) -> Int -> IO () #

(Unbox w, EndianStore w) => EndianStore (Blake2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

store :: Ptr (Blake2 w) -> Blake2 w -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (Blake2 w) -> IO (Blake2 w) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (Blake2 w) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore prim => EndianStore (Keyed prim) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

store :: Ptr (Keyed prim) -> Keyed prim -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (Keyed prim) -> IO (Keyed prim) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (Keyed prim) -> Int -> IO () #

(Unbox w, EndianStore w) => EndianStore (Sha2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

store :: Ptr (Sha2 w) -> Sha2 w -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (Sha2 w) -> IO (Sha2 w) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (Sha2 w) -> Int -> IO () #

(Unbox a, EndianStore a, Dimension dim) => EndianStore (Tuple dim a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Tuple

Methods

store :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> Tuple dim a -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> IO (Tuple dim a) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (Tuple dim a) -> Int -> IO () #

data LE w #

Instances

Instances details
Arbitrary Blake2b Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary Blake2s Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Functor LE 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> LE a -> LE b #

(<$) :: a -> LE b -> LE a #

KeyedHash Blake2b 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

hashInit :: BYTES Int -> Blake2b

KeyedHash Blake2s 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

hashInit :: BYTES Int -> Blake2s

Initialisable Blake2bMem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Blake2bMem -> IO () #

Initialisable Blake2sMem () 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

initialise :: () -> Blake2sMem -> IO () #

Unbox w => Vector Vector (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

basicUnsafeFreeze :: Mutable Vector s (LE w) -> ST s (Vector (LE w)) #

basicUnsafeThaw :: Vector (LE w) -> ST s (Mutable Vector s (LE w)) #

basicLength :: Vector (LE w) -> Int #

basicUnsafeSlice :: Int -> Int -> Vector (LE w) -> Vector (LE w) #

basicUnsafeIndexM :: Vector (LE w) -> Int -> Box (LE w) #

basicUnsafeCopy :: Mutable Vector s (LE w) -> Vector (LE w) -> ST s () #

elemseq :: Vector (LE w) -> LE w -> b -> b #

Unbox w => MVector MVector (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

basicLength :: MVector s (LE w) -> Int #

basicUnsafeSlice :: Int -> Int -> MVector s (LE w) -> MVector s (LE w) #

basicOverlaps :: MVector s (LE w) -> MVector s (LE w) -> Bool #

basicUnsafeNew :: Int -> ST s (MVector s (LE w)) #

basicInitialize :: MVector s (LE w) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeReplicate :: Int -> LE w -> ST s (MVector s (LE w)) #

basicUnsafeRead :: MVector s (LE w) -> Int -> ST s (LE w) #

basicUnsafeWrite :: MVector s (LE w) -> Int -> LE w -> ST s () #

basicClear :: MVector s (LE w) -> ST s () #

basicSet :: MVector s (LE w) -> LE w -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeCopy :: MVector s (LE w) -> MVector s (LE w) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeMove :: MVector s (LE w) -> MVector s (LE w) -> ST s () #

basicUnsafeGrow :: MVector s (LE w) -> Int -> ST s (MVector s (LE w)) #

Arbitrary w => Arbitrary (LE w) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Methods

arbitrary :: Gen (LE w) #

shrink :: LE w -> [LE w] #

Storable w => Storable (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

sizeOf :: LE w -> Int #

alignment :: LE w -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr (LE w) -> Int -> IO (LE w) #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr (LE w) -> Int -> LE w -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO (LE w) #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> LE w -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr (LE w) -> IO (LE w) #

poke :: Ptr (LE w) -> LE w -> IO () #

Bits w => Bits (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(.&.) :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

(.|.) :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

xor :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

complement :: LE w -> LE w #

shift :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

rotate :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

zeroBits :: LE w #

bit :: Int -> LE w #

setBit :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

clearBit :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

complementBit :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

testBit :: LE w -> Int -> Bool #

bitSizeMaybe :: LE w -> Maybe Int #

bitSize :: LE w -> Int #

isSigned :: LE w -> Bool #

shiftL :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

unsafeShiftL :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

shiftR :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

unsafeShiftR :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

rotateL :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

rotateR :: LE w -> Int -> LE w #

popCount :: LE w -> Int #

Bounded w => Bounded (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

minBound :: LE w #

maxBound :: LE w #

Enum w => Enum (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

succ :: LE w -> LE w #

pred :: LE w -> LE w #

toEnum :: Int -> LE w #

fromEnum :: LE w -> Int #

enumFrom :: LE w -> [LE w] #

enumFromThen :: LE w -> LE w -> [LE w] #

enumFromTo :: LE w -> LE w -> [LE w] #

enumFromThenTo :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w -> [LE w] #

Num w => Num (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(+) :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

(-) :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

(*) :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

negate :: LE w -> LE w #

abs :: LE w -> LE w #

signum :: LE w -> LE w #

fromInteger :: Integer -> LE w #

Read w => Read (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Integral w => Integral (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

quot :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

rem :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

div :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

mod :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

quotRem :: LE w -> LE w -> (LE w, LE w) #

divMod :: LE w -> LE w -> (LE w, LE w) #

toInteger :: LE w -> Integer #

Real w => Real (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

toRational :: LE w -> Rational #

Show w => Show (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> LE w -> ShowS #

show :: LE w -> String #

showList :: [LE w] -> ShowS #

NFData w => NFData (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

rnf :: LE w -> () #

Eq w => Eq (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

(==) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

(/=) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

Ord w => Ord (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

compare :: LE w -> LE w -> Ordering #

(<) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

(<=) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

(>) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

(>=) :: LE w -> LE w -> Bool #

max :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

min :: LE w -> LE w -> LE w #

Encodable (LE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

Encodable (LE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Encode.Internal

EndianStore (LE Word32) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (LE Word32) -> LE Word32 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (LE Word32) -> IO (LE Word32) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (LE Word32) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore (LE Word64) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

store :: Ptr (LE Word64) -> LE Word64 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (LE Word64) -> IO (LE Word64) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (LE Word64) -> Int -> IO () #

Equality w => Equality (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

eq :: LE w -> LE w -> Result #

Unbox w => Unbox (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

newtype MVector s (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

newtype MVector s (LE w) = MV_LE (MVector s w)
newtype Vector (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

newtype Vector (LE w) = V_LE (Vector w)

class Equality a where #

Methods

eq :: a -> a -> Result #

Instances

Instances details
Equality Word16 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: Word16 -> Word16 -> Result #

Equality Word32 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: Word32 -> Word32 -> Result #

Equality Word64 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: Word64 -> Word64 -> Result #

Equality Word8 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: Word8 -> Word8 -> Result #

Equality Poly1305 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

eq :: Poly1305 -> Poly1305 -> Result #

Equality R 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

eq :: R -> R -> Result #

Equality S 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Poly1305.Internal

Methods

eq :: S -> S -> Result #

Equality Word 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: Word -> Word -> Result #

Equality (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

eq :: Key ChaCha20 -> Key ChaCha20 -> Result #

Equality (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

eq :: Nounce ChaCha20 -> Nounce ChaCha20 -> Result #

Equality w => Equality (BE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

eq :: BE w -> BE w -> Result #

Equality w => Equality (LE w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Endian

Methods

eq :: LE w -> LE w -> Result #

Equality a => Equality (BYTES a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

eq :: BYTES a -> BYTES a -> Result #

(Unbox w, Equality w) => Equality (Blake2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Blake2.Internal

Methods

eq :: Blake2 w -> Blake2 w -> Result #

Equality prim => Equality (Keyed prim) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Keyed.Internal

Methods

eq :: Keyed prim -> Keyed prim -> Result #

(Unbox w, Equality w) => Equality (Sha2 w) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.Sha2.Internal

Methods

eq :: Sha2 w -> Sha2 w -> Result #

(Unbox a, Equality a) => Equality (Tuple dim a) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Tuple

Methods

eq :: Tuple dim a -> Tuple dim a -> Result #

(Equality a, Equality b) => Equality (a, b) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: (a, b) -> (a, b) -> Result #

(Equality a, Equality b, Equality c) => Equality (a, b, c) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: (a, b, c) -> (a, b, c) -> Result #

(Equality a, Equality b, Equality c, Equality d) => Equality (a, b, c, d) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: (a, b, c, d) -> (a, b, c, d) -> Result #

(Equality a, Equality b, Equality c, Equality d, Equality e) => Equality (a, b, c, d, e) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, b, c, d, e) -> Result #

(Equality a, Equality b, Equality c, Equality d, Equality e, Equality f) => Equality (a, b, c, d, e, f) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f) -> Result #

(Equality a, Equality b, Equality c, Equality d, Equality e, Equality f, Equality g) => Equality (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Equality

Methods

eq :: (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> (a, b, c, d, e, f, g) -> Result #

data AlignedPtr (n :: Nat) a #

Instances

Instances details
KnownNat n => Pointer (AlignedPtr n) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

castPointer :: AlignedPtr n a -> AlignedPtr n b #

allocaPointer :: BYTES Int -> (AlignedPtr n a -> IO b) -> IO b #

unsafeRawPtr :: AlignedPtr n a -> Ptr a #

class (Enum u, Monoid u) => LengthUnit u where #

Methods

inBytes :: u -> BYTES Int #

Instances

Instances details
Primitive p => LengthUnit (BlockCount p) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Primitive

Methods

inBytes :: BlockCount p -> BYTES Int #

LengthUnit (BYTES Int) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

inBytes :: BYTES Int -> BYTES Int #

class Pointer (ptr :: Type -> Type) where #

Methods

castPointer :: ptr a -> ptr b #

allocaPointer :: BYTES Int -> (ptr a -> IO b) -> IO b #

unsafeRawPtr :: ptr a -> Ptr a #

Instances

Instances details
Pointer Ptr 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

castPointer :: Ptr a -> Ptr b #

allocaPointer :: BYTES Int -> (Ptr a -> IO b) -> IO b #

unsafeRawPtr :: Ptr a -> Ptr a #

KnownNat n => Pointer (AlignedPtr n) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Core.Types.Pointer

Methods

castPointer :: AlignedPtr n a -> AlignedPtr n b #

allocaPointer :: BYTES Int -> (AlignedPtr n a -> IO b) -> IO b #

unsafeRawPtr :: AlignedPtr n a -> Ptr a #

type Dimension (dim :: Nat) = KnownNat dim #

type Blake2b = Blake2 (LE Word64) #

type Blake2bMem = HashMemory128 Blake2b #

type Blake2s = Blake2 (LE Word32) #

type Blake2sMem = HashMemory64 Blake2s #

data ChaCha20 #

Constructors

ChaCha20 

Instances

Instances details
Primitive ChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Associated Types

type WordType ChaCha20 #

type WordsPerBlock ChaCha20 :: Nat #

Extractable ChaCha20Mem (BlockCount ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Initialisable ChaCha20Mem (BlockCount ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Initialisable ChaCha20Mem (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

initialise :: Key ChaCha20 -> ChaCha20Mem -> IO () #

Initialisable ChaCha20Mem (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Arbitrary (BlockCount ChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Key ChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Nounce ChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

IsString (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

IsString (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Eq (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Eq (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

EndianStore (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

store :: Ptr (Key ChaCha20) -> Key ChaCha20 -> IO () #

load :: Ptr (Key ChaCha20) -> IO (Key ChaCha20) #

adjustEndian :: Ptr (Key ChaCha20) -> Int -> IO () #

EndianStore (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Equality (Key ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

eq :: Key ChaCha20 -> Key ChaCha20 -> Result #

Equality (Nounce ChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Methods

eq :: Nounce ChaCha20 -> Nounce ChaCha20 -> Result #

Initialisable (MemoryCell (Key ChaCha20)) (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

newtype Key ChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

newtype Key ChaCha20 = Key KEY
newtype Nounce ChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

newtype Nounce ChaCha20 = Nounce (Tuple 3 WORD)
type WordType ChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

type WordType ChaCha20 = WORD
type WordsPerBlock ChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

data XChaCha20 #

Constructors

XChaCha20 

Instances

Instances details
Primitive XChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Associated Types

type WordType XChaCha20 #

type WordsPerBlock XChaCha20 :: Nat #

Arbitrary (BlockCount XChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Key XChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

Arbitrary (Nounce XChaCha20) Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Tests.Core.Instances

IsString (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

IsString (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Storable (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Show (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Encodable (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

EndianStore (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

EndianStore (Nounce XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

Initialisable (MemoryCell (Key ChaCha20)) (Key XChaCha20) 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

newtype Key XChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

newtype Key XChaCha20 = XKey KEY
newtype Nounce XChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

newtype Nounce XChaCha20 = XNounce (Tuple 6 WORD)
type WordType XChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

type WordType XChaCha20 = WORD
type WordsPerBlock XChaCha20 
Instance details

Defined in Raaz.Primitive.ChaCha20.Internal

type WORD = Tuple 2 (LE Word64) #

type Sha256 = Sha2 (BE Word32) #

type Sha256Mem = HashMemory64 Sha256 #

type Sha512 = Sha2 (BE Word64) #

type Sha512Mem = HashMemory128 Sha512 #

pattern Fn3 :: (a -> b -> c -> d) -> Fun (a, b, c) d #

A modifier for testing ternary functions.

pattern Fn2 :: (a -> b -> c) -> Fun (a, b) c #

A modifier for testing binary functions.

prop_zipWith :: Fun (Int, Bool) Char -> [Int] -> [Bool] -> Bool
prop_zipWith (Fn2 f) xs ys = zipWith f xs ys == [ f x y | (x, y) <- zip xs ys]

pattern Fn :: (a -> b) -> Fun a b #

A modifier for testing functions.

prop :: Fun String Integer -> Bool
prop (Fn f) = f "banana" == f "monkey"
           || f "banana" == f "elephant"

hspec :: Spec -> IO () #

Run a given spec and write a report to stdout. Exit with exitFailure if at least one spec item fails.

Note: hspec handles command-line options and reads config files. This is not always desirable. Use evalSpec and runSpecForest if you need more control over these aspects.

vector :: Arbitrary a => Int -> Gen [a] #

Generates a list of a given length.

assert :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Monad m => Bool -> PropertyM m () #

Allows embedding non-monadic properties into monadic ones.

(==>) :: Testable prop => Bool -> prop -> Property infixr 0 #

Implication for properties: The resulting property holds if the first argument is False (in which case the test case is discarded), or if the given property holds. Note that using implication carelessly can severely skew test case distribution: consider using cover to make sure that your test data is still good quality.

($) :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) a (b :: TYPE r). (a -> b) -> a -> b infixr 0 #

Application operator. This operator is redundant, since ordinary application (f x) means the same as (f $ x). However, $ has low, right-associative binding precedence, so it sometimes allows parentheses to be omitted; for example:

f $ g $ h x  =  f (g (h x))

It is also useful in higher-order situations, such as map ($ 0) xs, or zipWith ($) fs xs.

Note that ($) is representation-polymorphic in its result type, so that foo $ True where foo :: Bool -> Int# is well-typed.

otherwise :: Bool #

otherwise is defined as the value True. It helps to make guards more readable. eg.

 f x | x < 0     = ...
     | otherwise = ...

(++) :: [a] -> [a] -> [a] infixr 5 #

Append two lists, i.e.,

[x1, ..., xm] ++ [y1, ..., yn] == [x1, ..., xm, y1, ..., yn]
[x1, ..., xm] ++ [y1, ...] == [x1, ..., xm, y1, ...]

If the first list is not finite, the result is the first list.

WARNING: This function takes linear time in the number of elements of the first list.

map :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b] #

\(\mathcal{O}(n)\). map f xs is the list obtained by applying f to each element of xs, i.e.,

map f [x1, x2, ..., xn] == [f x1, f x2, ..., f xn]
map f [x1, x2, ...] == [f x1, f x2, ...]
>>> map (+1) [1, 2, 3]
[2,3,4]

join :: Monad m => m (m a) -> m a #

The join function is the conventional monad join operator. It is used to remove one level of monadic structure, projecting its bound argument into the outer level.

'join bss' can be understood as the do expression

do bs <- bss
   bs

Examples

Expand

A common use of join is to run an IO computation returned from an STM transaction, since STM transactions can't perform IO directly. Recall that

atomically :: STM a -> IO a

is used to run STM transactions atomically. So, by specializing the types of atomically and join to

atomically :: STM (IO b) -> IO (IO b)
join       :: IO (IO b)  -> IO b

we can compose them as

join . atomically :: STM (IO b) -> IO b

to run an STM transaction and the IO action it returns.

discard :: a #

A special error value. If a property evaluates discard, it causes QuickCheck to discard the current test case. This can be useful if you want to discard the current test case, but are somewhere you can't use ==>, such as inside a generator.

variant :: Integral n => n -> Gen a -> Gen a #

Modifies a generator using an integer seed.

sized :: (Int -> Gen a) -> Gen a #

Used to construct generators that depend on the size parameter.

For example, listOf, which uses the size parameter as an upper bound on length of lists it generates, can be defined like this:

listOf :: Gen a -> Gen [a]
listOf gen = sized $ \n ->
  do k <- choose (0,n)
     vectorOf k gen

You can also do this using getSize.

getSize :: Gen Int #

Returns the size parameter. Used to construct generators that depend on the size parameter.

For example, listOf, which uses the size parameter as an upper bound on length of lists it generates, can be defined like this:

listOf :: Gen a -> Gen [a]
listOf gen = do
  n <- getSize
  k <- choose (0,n)
  vectorOf k gen

You can also do this using sized.

resize :: HasCallStack => Int -> Gen a -> Gen a #

Overrides the size parameter. Returns a generator which uses the given size instead of the runtime-size parameter.

scale :: (Int -> Int) -> Gen a -> Gen a #

Adjust the size parameter, by transforming it with the given function.

choose :: Random a => (a, a) -> Gen a #

Generates a random element in the given inclusive range. For integral and enumerated types, the specialised variants of choose below run much quicker.

chooseAny :: Random a => Gen a #

Generates a random element over the natural range of a.

chooseEnum :: Enum a => (a, a) -> Gen a #

A fast implementation of choose for enumerated types.

chooseInt :: (Int, Int) -> Gen Int #

A fast implementation of choose for Int.

chooseBoundedIntegral :: (Bounded a, Integral a) => (a, a) -> Gen a #

A fast implementation of choose for bounded integral types.

chooseInteger :: (Integer, Integer) -> Gen Integer #

A fast implementation of choose for Integer.

generate :: Gen a -> IO a #

Run a generator. The size passed to the generator is always 30; if you want another size then you should explicitly use resize.

sample' :: Gen a -> IO [a] #

Generates some example values.

sample :: Show a => Gen a -> IO () #

Generates some example values and prints them to stdout.

suchThat :: Gen a -> (a -> Bool) -> Gen a #

Generates a value that satisfies a predicate.

suchThatMap :: Gen a -> (a -> Maybe b) -> Gen b #

Generates a value for which the given function returns a Just, and then applies the function.

suchThatMaybe :: Gen a -> (a -> Bool) -> Gen (Maybe a) #

Tries to generate a value that satisfies a predicate. If it fails to do so after enough attempts, returns Nothing.

oneof :: HasCallStack => [Gen a] -> Gen a #

Randomly uses one of the given generators. The input list must be non-empty.

frequency :: HasCallStack => [(Int, Gen a)] -> Gen a #

Chooses one of the given generators, with a weighted random distribution. The input list must be non-empty.

elements :: HasCallStack => [a] -> Gen a #

Generates one of the given values. The input list must be non-empty.

sublistOf :: [a] -> Gen [a] #

Generates a random subsequence of the given list.

shuffle :: [a] -> Gen [a] #

Generates a random permutation of the given list.

growingElements :: HasCallStack => [a] -> Gen a #

Takes a list of elements of increasing size, and chooses among an initial segment of the list. The size of this initial segment increases with the size parameter. The input list must be non-empty.

listOf :: Gen a -> Gen [a] #

Generates a list of random length. The maximum length depends on the size parameter.

listOf1 :: Gen a -> Gen [a] #

Generates a non-empty list of random length. The maximum length depends on the size parameter.

vectorOf :: Int -> Gen a -> Gen [a] #

Generates a list of the given length.

infiniteListOf :: Gen a -> Gen [a] #

Generates an infinite list.

arbitrary1 :: (Arbitrary1 f, Arbitrary a) => Gen (f a) #

shrink1 :: (Arbitrary1 f, Arbitrary a) => f a -> [f a] #

arbitrary2 :: (Arbitrary2 f, Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Gen (f a b) #

shrink2 :: (Arbitrary2 f, Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => f a b -> [f a b] #

genericShrink :: (Generic a, RecursivelyShrink (Rep a), GSubterms (Rep a) a) => a -> [a] #

Shrink a term to any of its immediate subterms, and also recursively shrink all subterms.

recursivelyShrink :: (Generic a, RecursivelyShrink (Rep a)) => a -> [a] #

Recursively shrink all immediate subterms.

subterms :: (Generic a, GSubterms (Rep a) a) => a -> [a] #

All immediate subterms of a term.

shrinkList :: (a -> [a]) -> [a] -> [[a]] #

Shrink a list of values given a shrinking function for individual values.

applyArbitrary2 :: (Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => (a -> b -> r) -> Gen r #

Apply a binary function to random arguments.

applyArbitrary3 :: (Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c) => (a -> b -> c -> r) -> Gen r #

Apply a ternary function to random arguments.

applyArbitrary4 :: (Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b, Arbitrary c, Arbitrary d) => (a -> b -> c -> d -> r) -> Gen r #

Apply a function of arity 4 to random arguments.

arbitrarySizedIntegral :: Integral a => Gen a #

Generates an integral number. The number can be positive or negative and its maximum absolute value depends on the size parameter.

arbitrarySizedNatural :: Integral a => Gen a #

Generates a natural number. The number's maximum value depends on the size parameter.

arbitrarySizedFractional :: Fractional a => Gen a #

Uniformly generates a fractional number. The number can be positive or negative and its maximum absolute value depends on the size parameter.

arbitraryBoundedIntegral :: (Bounded a, Integral a) => Gen a #

Generates an integral number. The number is chosen uniformly from the entire range of the type. You may want to use arbitrarySizedBoundedIntegral instead.

arbitraryBoundedRandom :: (Bounded a, Random a) => Gen a #

Generates an element of a bounded type. The element is chosen from the entire range of the type.

arbitraryBoundedEnum :: (Bounded a, Enum a) => Gen a #

Generates an element of a bounded enumeration.

arbitrarySizedBoundedIntegral :: (Bounded a, Integral a) => Gen a #

Generates an integral number from a bounded domain. The number is chosen from the entire range of the type, but small numbers are generated more often than big numbers. Inspired by demands from Phil Wadler.

arbitraryUnicodeChar :: Gen Char #

Generates any Unicode character (but not a surrogate)

arbitraryASCIIChar :: Gen Char #

Generates a random ASCII character (0-127).

arbitraryPrintableChar :: Gen Char #

Generates a printable Unicode character.

shrinkNothing :: a -> [a] #

Returns no shrinking alternatives.

shrinkMap :: Arbitrary a => (a -> b) -> (b -> a) -> b -> [b] #

Map a shrink function to another domain. This is handy if your data type has special invariants, but is almost isomorphic to some other type.

shrinkOrderedList :: (Ord a, Arbitrary a) => [a] -> [[a]]
shrinkOrderedList = shrinkMap sort id

shrinkSet :: (Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Set a -> [Set a]
shrinkSet = shrinkMap fromList toList

shrinkMapBy :: (a -> b) -> (b -> a) -> (a -> [a]) -> b -> [b] #

Non-overloaded version of shrinkMap.

shrinkIntegral :: Integral a => a -> [a] #

Shrink an integral number.

shrinkBoundedEnum :: (Bounded a, Enum a, Eq a) => a -> [a] #

Shrink an element of a bounded enumeration.

Example

Expand
data MyEnum = E0 | E1 | E2 | E3 | E4 | E5 | E6 | E7 | E8 | E9
   deriving (Bounded, Enum, Eq, Ord, Show)
>>> shrinkBoundedEnum E9
[E0,E5,E7,E8]
>>> shrinkBoundedEnum E5
[E0,E3,E4]
>>> shrinkBoundedEnum E0
[]

shrinkRealFrac :: RealFrac a => a -> [a] #

Shrink a fraction, preferring numbers with smaller numerators or denominators. See also shrinkDecimal.

shrinkDecimal :: RealFrac a => a -> [a] #

Shrink a real number, preferring numbers with shorter decimal representations. See also shrinkRealFrac.

genericCoarbitrary :: (Generic a, GCoArbitrary (Rep a)) => a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

Generic CoArbitrary implementation.

(><) :: (Gen a -> Gen a) -> (Gen a -> Gen a) -> Gen a -> Gen a #

Combine two generator perturbing functions, for example the results of calls to variant or coarbitrary.

coarbitraryIntegral :: Integral a => a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

A coarbitrary implementation for integral numbers.

coarbitraryReal :: Real a => a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

A coarbitrary implementation for real numbers.

coarbitraryShow :: Show a => a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

coarbitrary helper for lazy people :-).

coarbitraryEnum :: Enum a => a -> Gen b -> Gen b #

A coarbitrary implementation for enums.

orderedList :: (Ord a, Arbitrary a) => Gen [a] #

Generates an ordered list.

infiniteList :: Arbitrary a => Gen [a] #

Generates an infinite list.

functionBoundedEnum :: (Eq a, Bounded a, Enum a) => (a -> b) -> a :-> b #

Provides a Function instance for types with Bounded and Enum. Use only for small types (i.e. not integers): creates the list [minBound..maxBound]!

functionRealFrac :: RealFrac a => (a -> b) -> a :-> b #

Provides a Function instance for types with RealFrac.

functionIntegral :: Integral a => (a -> b) -> a :-> b #

Provides a Function instance for types with Integral.

functionShow :: (Show a, Read a) => (a -> c) -> a :-> c #

Provides a Function instance for types with Show and Read.

functionVoid :: (forall b. void -> b) -> void :-> c #

Provides a Function instance for types isomorphic to Void.

An actual Function Void instance is defined in quickcheck-instances.

functionMap :: Function b => (a -> b) -> (b -> a) -> (a -> c) -> a :-> c #

The basic building block for Function instances. Provides a Function instance by mapping to and from a type that already has a Function instance.

applyFun :: Fun a b -> a -> b #

Extracts the value of a function.

Fn is the pattern equivalent of this function.

prop :: Fun String Integer -> Bool
prop f = applyFun f "banana" == applyFun f "monkey"
      || applyFun f "banana" == applyFun f "elephant"

applyFun2 :: Fun (a, b) c -> a -> b -> c #

Extracts the value of a binary function.

Fn2 is the pattern equivalent of this function.

prop_zipWith :: Fun (Int, Bool) Char -> [Int] -> [Bool] -> Bool
prop_zipWith f xs ys = zipWith (applyFun2 f) xs ys == [ applyFun2 f x y | (x, y) <- zip xs ys]

applyFun3 :: Fun (a, b, c) d -> a -> b -> c -> d #

Extracts the value of a ternary function. Fn3 is the pattern equivalent of this function.

ioProperty :: Testable prop => IO prop -> Property #

Do I/O inside a property.

Warning: any random values generated inside of the argument to ioProperty will not currently be shrunk. For best results, generate all random values before calling ioProperty, or use idempotentIOProperty if that is safe.

idempotentIOProperty :: Testable prop => IO prop -> Property #

Do I/O inside a property.

Warning: during shrinking, the I/O may not always be re-executed. Instead, the I/O may be executed once and then its result retained. If this is not acceptable, use ioProperty instead.

mapSize :: Testable prop => (Int -> Int) -> prop -> Property #

Adjust the test case size for a property, by transforming it with the given function.

shrinking #

Arguments

:: Testable prop 
=> (a -> [a])

shrink-like function.

-> a

The original argument

-> (a -> prop) 
-> Property 

Shrinks the argument to a property if it fails. Shrinking is done automatically for most types. This function is only needed when you want to override the default behavior.

noShrinking :: Testable prop => prop -> Property #

Disables shrinking for a property altogether. Only quantification inside the call to noShrinking is affected.

counterexample :: Testable prop => String -> prop -> Property #

Adds the given string to the counterexample if the property fails.

printTestCase :: Testable prop => String -> prop -> Property #

Adds the given string to the counterexample if the property fails.

whenFail :: Testable prop => IO () -> prop -> Property #

Performs an IO action after the last failure of a property.

whenFail' :: Testable prop => IO () -> prop -> Property #

Performs an IO action every time a property fails. Thus, if shrinking is done, this can be used to keep track of the failures along the way.

verbose :: Testable prop => prop -> Property #

Prints out the generated test case every time the property is tested. Only variables quantified over inside the verbose are printed.

Note: for technical reasons, the test case is printed out after the property is tested. To debug a property that goes into an infinite loop, use within to add a timeout instead.

verboseShrinking :: Testable prop => prop -> Property #

Prints out the generated test case every time the property fails, including during shrinking. Only variables quantified over inside the verboseShrinking are printed.

Note: for technical reasons, the test case is printed out after the property is tested. To debug a property that goes into an infinite loop, use within to add a timeout instead.

expectFailure :: Testable prop => prop -> Property #

Indicates that a property is supposed to fail. QuickCheck will report an error if it does not fail.

once :: Testable prop => prop -> Property #

Modifies a property so that it only will be tested once. Opposite of again.

again :: Testable prop => prop -> Property #

Modifies a property so that it will be tested repeatedly. Opposite of once.

withMaxSuccess :: Testable prop => Int -> prop -> Property #

Configures how many times a property will be tested.

For example,

quickCheck (withMaxSuccess 1000 p)

will test p up to 1000 times.

withDiscardRatio :: Testable prop => Int -> prop -> Property #

Configures how many times a property is allowed to be discarded before failing.

For example,

quickCheck (withDiscardRatio 10 p)

will allow p to fail up to 10 times per successful test.

withMaxShrinks :: Testable prop => Int -> prop -> Property #

Configure the maximum number of times a property will be shrunk.

For example,

quickCheck (withMaxShrinks 100 p)

will cause p to only attempt 100 shrinks on failure.

withMaxSize :: Testable prop => Int -> prop -> Property #

Configure the maximum size a property will be tested at.

witness :: (Typeable a, Show a, Testable prop) => a -> prop -> Property #

Return a value in the witnesses field of the Result returned by quickCheckResult. Witnesses are returned outer-most first.

In ghci, for example:

>>> [Wit x] <- fmap witnesses . quickCheckResult $ \ x -> witness x $ x == (0 :: Int)
*** Failed! Falsified (after 2 tests):
1
>>> x
1
>>> :t x
x :: Int

checkCoverage :: Testable prop => prop -> Property #

Check that all coverage requirements defined by cover and coverTable are met, using a statistically sound test, and fail if they are not met.

Ordinarily, a failed coverage check does not cause the property to fail. This is because the coverage requirement is not tested in a statistically sound way. If you use cover to express that a certain value must appear 20% of the time, QuickCheck will warn you if the value only appears in 19 out of 100 test cases - but since the coverage varies randomly, you may have just been unlucky, and there may not be any real problem with your test generation.

When you use checkCoverage, QuickCheck uses a statistical test to account for the role of luck in coverage failures. It will run as many tests as needed until it is sure about whether the coverage requirements are met. If a coverage requirement is not met, the property fails.

Example:

quickCheck (checkCoverage prop_foo)

checkCoverageWith :: Testable prop => Confidence -> prop -> Property #

Check coverage requirements using a custom confidence level. See stdConfidence.

An example of making the statistical test less stringent in order to improve performance:

quickCheck (checkCoverageWith stdConfidence{certainty = 10^6} prop_foo)

stdConfidence :: Confidence #

The standard parameters used by checkCoverage: certainty = 10^9, tolerance = 0.9. See Confidence for the meaning of the parameters.

label :: Testable prop => String -> prop -> Property #

Attaches a label to a test case. This is used for reporting test case distribution.

For example:

prop_reverse_reverse :: [Int] -> Property
prop_reverse_reverse xs =
  label ("length of input is " ++ show (length xs)) $
    reverse (reverse xs) === xs
>>> quickCheck prop_reverse_reverse
+++ OK, passed 100 tests:
7% length of input is 7
6% length of input is 3
5% length of input is 4
4% length of input is 6
...

Each use of label in your property results in a separate table of test case distribution in the output. If this is not what you want, use tabulate.

collect :: (Show a, Testable prop) => a -> prop -> Property #

Attaches a label to a test case. This is used for reporting test case distribution.

collect x = label (show x)

For example:

prop_reverse_reverse :: [Int] -> Property
prop_reverse_reverse xs =
  collect (length xs) $
    reverse (reverse xs) === xs
>>> quickCheck prop_reverse_reverse
+++ OK, passed 100 tests:
7% 7
6% 3
5% 4
4% 6
...

Each use of collect in your property results in a separate table of test case distribution in the output. If this is not what you want, use tabulate.

classify #

Arguments

:: Testable prop 
=> Bool

True if the test case should be labelled.

-> String

Label.

-> prop 
-> Property 

Reports how many test cases satisfy a given condition.

For example:

prop_sorted_sort :: [Int] -> Property
prop_sorted_sort xs =
  sorted xs ==>
  classify (length xs > 1) "non-trivial" $
  sort xs === xs
>>> quickCheck prop_sorted_sort
+++ OK, passed 100 tests (22% non-trivial).

cover #

Arguments

:: Testable prop 
=> Double

The required percentage (0-100) of test cases.

-> Bool

True if the test case belongs to the class.

-> String

Label for the test case class.

-> prop 
-> Property 

Checks that at least the given proportion of successful test cases belong to the given class. Discarded tests (i.e. ones with a false precondition) do not affect coverage.

Note: If the coverage check fails, QuickCheck prints out a warning, but the property does not fail. To make the property fail, use checkCoverage.

For example:

prop_sorted_sort :: [Int] -> Property
prop_sorted_sort xs =
  sorted xs ==>
  cover 50 (length xs > 1) "non-trivial" $
  sort xs === xs
>>> quickCheck prop_sorted_sort
+++ OK, passed 100 tests; 135 discarded (26% non-trivial).

Only 26% non-trivial, but expected 50%

tabulate :: Testable prop => String -> [String] -> prop -> Property #

Collects information about test case distribution into a table. The arguments to tabulate are the table's name and a list of values associated with the current test case. After testing, QuickCheck prints the frequency of all collected values. The frequencies are expressed as a percentage of the total number of values collected.

You should prefer tabulate to label when each test case is associated with a varying number of values. Here is a (not terribly useful) example, where the test data is a list of integers and we record all values that occur in the list:

prop_sorted_sort :: [Int] -> Property
prop_sorted_sort xs =
  sorted xs ==>
  tabulate "List elements" (map show xs) $
  sort xs === xs
>>> quickCheck prop_sorted_sort
+++ OK, passed 100 tests; 1684 discarded.

List elements (109 in total):
 3.7% 0
 3.7% 17
 3.7% 2
 3.7% 6
 2.8% -6
 2.8% -7

Here is a more useful example. We are testing a chatroom, where the user can log in, log out, or send a message:

data Command = LogIn | LogOut | SendMessage String deriving (Data, Show)
instance Arbitrary Command where ...

There are some restrictions on command sequences; for example, the user must log in before doing anything else. The function valid :: [Command] -> Bool checks that a command sequence is allowed. Our property then has the form:

prop_chatroom :: [Command] -> Property
prop_chatroom cmds =
  valid cmds ==>
    ...

The use of ==> may skew test case distribution. We use collect to see the length of the command sequences, and tabulate to get the frequencies of the individual commands:

prop_chatroom :: [Command] -> Property
prop_chatroom cmds =
  wellFormed cmds LoggedOut ==>
  'collect' (length cmds) $
  'tabulate' "Commands" (map (show . 'Data.Data.toConstr') cmds) $
    ...
>>> quickCheckWith stdArgs{maxDiscardRatio = 1000} prop_chatroom
+++ OK, passed 100 tests; 2775 discarded:
60% 0
20% 1
15% 2
 3% 3
 1% 4
 1% 5

Commands (68 in total):
62% LogIn
22% SendMessage
16% LogOut

coverTable :: Testable prop => String -> [(String, Double)] -> prop -> Property #

Checks that the values in a given table appear a certain proportion of the time. A call to coverTable table [(x1, p1), ..., (xn, pn)] asserts that of the values in table, x1 should appear at least p1 percent of the time that table appears, x2 at least p2 percent of the time that table appears, and so on.

Note: If the coverage check fails, QuickCheck prints out a warning, but the property does not fail. To make the property fail, use checkCoverage.

Continuing the example from the tabular combinator...

data Command = LogIn | LogOut | SendMessage String deriving (Data, Show)
prop_chatroom :: [Command] -> Property
prop_chatroom cmds =
  wellFormed cmds LoggedOut ==>
  'tabulate' "Commands" (map (show . 'Data.Data.toConstr') cmds) $
    ...

...we can add a coverage requirement as follows, which checks that LogIn, LogOut and SendMessage each occur at least 25% of the time:

prop_chatroom :: [Command] -> Property
prop_chatroom cmds =
  wellFormed cmds LoggedOut ==>
  coverTable "Commands" [("LogIn", 25), ("LogOut", 25), ("SendMessage", 25)] $
  'tabulate' "Commands" (map (show . 'Data.Data.toConstr') cmds) $
    ... property goes here ...
>>> quickCheck prop_chatroom
+++ OK, passed 100 tests; 2909 discarded:
56% 0
17% 1
10% 2
 6% 3
 5% 4
 3% 5
 3% 7

Commands (111 in total):
51.4% LogIn
30.6% SendMessage
18.0% LogOut

Table 'Commands' had only 18.0% LogOut, but expected 25.0%

within :: Testable prop => Int -> prop -> Property #

Considers a property failed if it does not complete within the given number of microseconds.

Note: if the property times out, variables quantified inside the within will not be printed. Therefore, you should use within only in the body of your property.

Good: prop_foo a b c = within 1000000 ...

Bad: prop_foo = within 1000000 $ \a b c -> ...

Bad: prop_foo a b c = ...; main = quickCheck (within 1000000 prop_foo)

discardAfter :: Testable prop => Int -> prop -> Property #

Discards the test case if it does not complete within the given number of microseconds. This can be useful when testing algorithms that have pathological cases where they run extremely slowly.

forAll :: (Show a, Testable prop) => Gen a -> (a -> prop) -> Property #

Explicit universal quantification: uses an explicitly given test case generator.

forAllShow :: Testable prop => Gen a -> (a -> String) -> (a -> prop) -> Property #

Like forAll, but with an explicitly given show function.

forAllBlind :: Testable prop => Gen a -> (a -> prop) -> Property #

Like forAll, but without printing the generated value.

forAllShrink :: (Show a, Testable prop) => Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> prop) -> Property #

Like forAll, but tries to shrink the argument for failing test cases.

forAllShrinkShow :: Testable prop => Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> String) -> (a -> prop) -> Property #

Like forAllShrink, but with an explicitly given show function.

forAllShrinkBlind :: Testable prop => Gen a -> (a -> [a]) -> (a -> prop) -> Property #

Like forAllShrink, but without printing the generated value.

(.&.) :: (Testable prop1, Testable prop2) => prop1 -> prop2 -> Property infixr 1 #

Nondeterministic choice: p1 .&. p2 picks randomly one of p1 and p2 to test. If you test the property 100 times it makes 100 random choices.

(.&&.) :: (Testable prop1, Testable prop2) => prop1 -> prop2 -> Property infixr 1 #

Conjunction: p1 .&&. p2 passes if both p1 and p2 pass.

conjoin :: Testable prop => [prop] -> Property #

Take the conjunction of several properties.

(.||.) :: (Testable prop1, Testable prop2) => prop1 -> prop2 -> Property infixr 1 #

Disjunction: p1 .||. p2 passes unless p1 and p2 simultaneously fail.

disjoin :: Testable prop => [prop] -> Property #

Take the disjunction of several properties.

(===) :: (Eq a, Show a) => a -> a -> Property infix 4 #

Like ==, but prints a counterexample when it fails.

(=/=) :: (Eq a, Show a) => a -> a -> Property infix 4 #

Like /=, but prints a counterexample when it fails.

total :: NFData a => a -> Property #

Checks that a value is total, i.e., doesn't crash when evaluated.

isSuccess :: Result -> Bool #

Check if the test run result was a success

stdArgs :: Args #

The default test arguments

quickCheck :: Testable prop => prop -> IO () #

Tests a property and prints the results to stdout.

By default up to 100 tests are performed, which may not be enough to find all bugs. To run more tests, use withMaxSuccess.

If you want to get the counterexample as a Haskell value, rather than just printing it, try the quickcheck-with-counterexamples package.

quickCheckWith :: Testable prop => Args -> prop -> IO () #

Tests a property, using test arguments, and prints the results to stdout.

quickCheckResult :: Testable prop => prop -> IO Result #

Tests a property, produces a test result, and prints the results to stdout.

quickCheckWithResult :: Testable prop => Args -> prop -> IO Result #

Tests a property, using test arguments, produces a test result, and prints the results to stdout.

recheck :: Testable prop => Result -> prop -> IO () #

Re-run a property with the seed and size that failed in a run of quickCheckResult.

verboseCheck :: Testable prop => prop -> IO () #

Tests a property and prints the results and all test cases generated to stdout. This is just a convenience function that means the same as quickCheck . verbose.

Note: for technical reasons, the test case is printed out after the property is tested. To debug a property that goes into an infinite loop, use within to add a timeout instead.

verboseCheckWith :: Testable prop => Args -> prop -> IO () #

Tests a property, using test arguments, and prints the results and all test cases generated to stdout. This is just a convenience function that combines quickCheckWith and verbose.

Note: for technical reasons, the test case is printed out after the property is tested. To debug a property that goes into an infinite loop, use within to add a timeout instead.

verboseCheckResult :: Testable prop => prop -> IO Result #

Tests a property, produces a test result, and prints the results and all test cases generated to stdout. This is just a convenience function that combines quickCheckResult and verbose.

Note: for technical reasons, the test case is printed out after the property is tested. To debug a property that goes into an infinite loop, use within to add a timeout instead.

verboseCheckWithResult :: Testable prop => Args -> prop -> IO Result #

Tests a property, using test arguments, produces a test result, and prints the results and all test cases generated to stdout. This is just a convenience function that combines quickCheckWithResult and verbose.

Note: for technical reasons, the test case is printed out after the property is tested. To debug a property that goes into an infinite loop, use within to add a timeout instead.

stop :: forall prop (m :: Type -> Type) a. (Testable prop, Monad m) => prop -> PropertyM m a #

assertWith :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Monad m => Bool -> String -> PropertyM m () #

Like assert but allows caller to specify an explicit message to show on failure.

Example:

do
  assertWith True  "My first predicate."
  assertWith False "My other predicate."
  ...
Assertion failed (after 2 tests):
    Passed: My first predicate
    Failed: My other predicate

pre :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Monad m => Bool -> PropertyM m () #

Tests preconditions. Unlike assert this does not cause the property to fail, rather it discards them just like using the implication combinator ==>.

This allows representing the Hoare triple

{p} x ← e{q}

as

pre p
x <- run e
assert q

run :: Monad m => m a -> PropertyM m a #

The lifting operation of the property monad. Allows embedding monadic/IO-actions in properties:

log :: Int -> IO ()

prop_foo n = monadicIO $ do
  run (log n)
  -- ...

pick :: forall (m :: Type -> Type) a. (Monad m, Show a) => Gen a -> PropertyM m a #

Quantification in a monadic property, fits better with do-notation than forAllM. Note: values generated by pick do not shrink.

wp :: Monad m => m a -> (a -> PropertyM m b) -> PropertyM m b #

The weakest precondition

wp(x ← e, p)

can be expressed as in code as wp e (\x -> p).

forAllM :: forall (m :: Type -> Type) a b. (Monad m, Show a) => Gen a -> (a -> PropertyM m b) -> PropertyM m b #

Quantification in monadic properties to pick, with a notation similar to forAll. Note: values generated by forAllM do not shrink.

monitor :: forall (m :: Type -> Type). Monad m => (Property -> Property) -> PropertyM m () #

Allows making observations about the test data:

monitor (collect e)

collects the distribution of value of e.

monitor (counterexample "Failure!")

Adds "Failure!" to the counterexamples.

monadic :: (Testable a, Monad m) => (m Property -> Property) -> PropertyM m a -> Property #

monadic' :: (Testable a, Monad m) => PropertyM m a -> Gen (m Property) #

monadicIO :: Testable a => PropertyM IO a -> Property #

Runs the property monad for IO-computations.

prop_cat msg = monadicIO $ do
  (exitCode, stdout, _) <- run (readProcessWithExitCode "cat" [] msg)

  pre (ExitSuccess == exitCode)

  assert (stdout == msg)
>>> quickCheck prop_cat
+++ OK, passed 100 tests.

monadicST :: Testable a => (forall s. PropertyM (ST s) a) -> Property #

Runs the property monad for ST-computations.

-- Your mutable sorting algorithm here
sortST :: Ord a => [a] -> ST s (MVector s a)
sortST = thaw . fromList . sort

prop_sortST xs = monadicST $ do
  sorted  <- run (freeze =<< sortST xs)
  assert (toList sorted == sort xs)
>>> quickCheck prop_sortST
+++ OK, passed 100 tests.

runSTGen :: (forall s. Gen (ST s a)) -> Gen a #

assertException #

Arguments

:: Exception exc 
=> (exc -> Bool)

Return True if that is the exception that was expected

-> a

Value that should result in an exception, when evaluated to WHNF

-> Property 

Evaluate the value to Weak Head Normal Form (WHNF) and fail if it does not result in an expected exception being thrown.

assertExceptionIO #

Arguments

:: Exception exc 
=> (exc -> Bool)

Return True if that is the exception that was expected

-> IO a

An action that should throw the expected exception

-> Property 

Make sure that a specific exception is thrown during an IO action. The result is evaluated to WHNF.

assertDeepException #

Arguments

:: (NFData a, Exception exc) 
=> (exc -> Bool)

Return True if that is the exception that was expected

-> a

Value that should result in an exception, when fully evaluated to NF

-> Property 

Same as assertException, but evaluate the value to Normal Form (NF) and fail if it does not result in an expected exception being thrown.

assertDeepExceptionIO #

Arguments

:: (NFData a, Exception exc) 
=> (exc -> Bool)

Return True if that is the exception that was expected

-> IO a

An action that should throw the expected exception

-> Property 

Make sure that a specific exception is thrown during an IO action. The result is evaluated to NF.

polyQuickCheck :: Name -> ExpQ #

Test a polymorphic property, defaulting all type variables to Integer.

Invoke as $(polyQuickCheck 'prop), where prop is a property. Note that just evaluating quickCheck prop in GHCi will seem to work, but will silently default all type variables to ()!

$(polyQuickCheck 'prop) means the same as quickCheck $(monomorphic 'prop). If you want to supply custom arguments to polyQuickCheck, you will have to combine quickCheckWith and monomorphic yourself.

If you want to use polyQuickCheck in the same file where you defined the property, the same scoping problems pop up as in quickCheckAll: see the note there about return [].

polyVerboseCheck :: Name -> ExpQ #

Test a polymorphic property, defaulting all type variables to Integer. This is just a convenience function that combines verboseCheck and monomorphic.

If you want to use polyVerboseCheck in the same file where you defined the property, the same scoping problems pop up as in quickCheckAll: see the note there about return [].

monomorphic :: Name -> ExpQ #

Monomorphise an arbitrary property by defaulting all type variables to Integer.

For example, if f has type Ord a => [a] -> [a] then $(monomorphic 'f) has type [Integer] -> [Integer].

If you want to use monomorphic in the same file where you defined the property, the same scoping problems pop up as in quickCheckAll: see the note there about return [].

forAllProperties :: Q Exp #

Test all properties in the current module, using a custom quickCheck function. The same caveats as with quickCheckAll apply.

$forAllProperties has type (Property -> IO Result) -> IO Bool. An example invocation is $forAllProperties quickCheckResult, which does the same thing as $quickCheckAll.

forAllProperties has the same issue with scoping as quickCheckAll: see the note there about return [].

allProperties :: Q Exp #

List all properties in the current module.

$allProperties has type [(String, Property)].

allProperties has the same issue with scoping as quickCheckAll: see the note there about return [].

quickCheckAll :: Q Exp #

Test all properties in the current module. The name of the property must begin with prop_. Polymorphic properties will be defaulted to Integer. Returns True if all tests succeeded, False otherwise.

To use quickCheckAll, add a definition to your module along the lines of

return []
runTests = $quickCheckAll

and then execute runTests.

Note: the bizarre return [] in the example above is needed on GHC 7.8 and later; without it, quickCheckAll will not be able to find any of the properties. For the curious, the return [] is a Template Haskell splice that makes GHC insert the empty list of declarations at that point in the program; GHC typechecks everything before the return [] before it starts on the rest of the module, which means that the later call to quickCheckAll can see everything that was defined before the return []. Yikes!

verboseCheckAll :: Q Exp #

Test all properties in the current module. This is just a convenience function that combines quickCheckAll and verbose.

verboseCheckAll has the same issue with scoping as quickCheckAll: see the note there about return [].

labelledExamples :: Testable prop => prop -> IO () #

Given a property, which must use label, collect, classify or cover to associate labels with test cases, find an example test case for each possible label. The example test cases are minimised using shrinking.

For example, suppose we test delete x xs and record the number of times that x occurs in xs:

prop_delete :: Int -> [Int] -> Property
prop_delete x xs =
  classify (count x xs == 0) "count x xs == 0" $
  classify (count x xs == 1) "count x xs == 1" $
  classify (count x xs >= 2) "count x xs >= 2" $
  counterexample (show (delete x xs)) $
  count x (delete x xs) == max 0 (count x xs-1)
  where count x xs = length (filter (== x) xs)

labelledExamples generates three example test cases, one for each label:

>>> labelledExamples prop_delete
*** Found example of count x xs == 0
0
[]
[]

*** Found example of count x xs == 1
0
[0]
[]

*** Found example of count x xs >= 2
5
[5,5]
[5]

+++ OK, passed 100 tests:
78% count x xs == 0
21% count x xs == 1
 1% count x xs >= 2

labelledExamplesWith :: Testable prop => Args -> prop -> IO () #

A variant of labelledExamples that takes test arguments.

labelledExamplesResult :: Testable prop => prop -> IO Result #

A variant of labelledExamples that returns a result.

labelledExamplesWithResult :: Testable prop => Args -> prop -> IO Result #

A variant of labelledExamples that takes test arguments and returns a result.

realToFrac :: (Real a, Fractional b) => a -> b #

General coercion to Fractional types.

WARNING: This function goes through the Rational type, which does not have values for NaN for example. This means it does not round-trip.

For Double it also behaves differently with or without -O0:

Prelude> realToFrac nan -- With -O0
-Infinity
Prelude> realToFrac nan
NaN

fromIntegral :: (Integral a, Num b) => a -> b #

General coercion from Integral types.

WARNING: This function performs silent truncation if the result type is not at least as big as the argument's type.

hIsTerminalDevice :: Handle -> IO Bool #

Is the handle connected to a terminal?

On Windows the result of hIsTerminalDevide might be misleading, because non-native terminals, such as MinTTY used in MSYS and Cygwin environments, are implemented via redirection. Use System.Win32.Types.withHandleToHANDLE System.Win32.MinTTY.isMinTTYHandle to recognise it. Also consider ansi-terminal package for crossplatform terminal support.

error :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) (a :: TYPE r). HasCallStack => [Char] -> a #

error stops execution and displays an error message.

zipWith :: forall a b c (dim :: Nat). (Unbox a, Unbox b, Unbox c) => (a -> b -> c) -> Tuple dim a -> Tuple dim b -> Tuple dim c #

even :: Integral a => a -> Bool #

(<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b infixl 4 #

An infix synonym for fmap.

The name of this operator is an allusion to $. Note the similarities between their types:

 ($)  ::              (a -> b) ->   a ->   b
(<$>) :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b

Whereas $ is function application, <$> is function application lifted over a Functor.

Examples

Expand

Convert from a Maybe Int to a Maybe String using show:

>>> show <$> Nothing
Nothing
>>> show <$> Just 3
Just "3"

Convert from an Either Int Int to an Either Int String using show:

>>> show <$> Left 17
Left 17
>>> show <$> Right 17
Right "17"

Double each element of a list:

>>> (*2) <$> [1,2,3]
[2,4,6]

Apply even to the second element of a pair:

>>> even <$> (2,2)
(2,True)

hGetContents :: Handle -> IO String #

Computation hGetContents hdl returns the list of characters corresponding to the unread portion of the channel or file managed by hdl, which is put into an intermediate state, semi-closed. In this state, hdl is effectively closed, but items are read from hdl on demand and accumulated in a special list returned by hGetContents hdl.

Any operation that fails because a handle is closed, also fails if a handle is semi-closed. The only exception is hClose. A semi-closed handle becomes closed:

  • if hClose is applied to it;
  • if an I/O error occurs when reading an item from the handle;
  • or once the entire contents of the handle has been read.

Once a semi-closed handle becomes closed, the contents of the associated list becomes fixed. The contents of this final list is only partially specified: it will contain at least all the items of the stream that were evaluated prior to the handle becoming closed.

Any I/O errors encountered while a handle is semi-closed are simply discarded.

This operation may fail with:

fst :: (a, b) -> a #

Extract the first component of a pair.

uncurry :: (a -> b -> c) -> (a, b) -> c #

uncurry converts a curried function to a function on pairs.

Examples

Expand
>>> uncurry (+) (1,2)
3
>>> uncurry ($) (show, 1)
"1"
>>> map (uncurry max) [(1,2), (3,4), (6,8)]
[2,4,8]

id :: a -> a #

Identity function.

id x = x

head :: HasCallStack => [a] -> a #

\(\mathcal{O}(1)\). Extract the first element of a list, which must be non-empty.

>>> head [1, 2, 3]
1
>>> head [1..]
1
>>> head []
*** Exception: Prelude.head: empty list

WARNING: This function is partial. You can use case-matching, uncons or listToMaybe instead.

forM :: (Traversable t, Monad m) => t a -> (a -> m b) -> m (t b) #

forM is mapM with its arguments flipped. For a version that ignores the results see forM_.

forever :: Applicative f => f a -> f b #

Repeat an action indefinitely.

Examples

Expand

A common use of forever is to process input from network sockets, Handles, and channels (e.g. MVar and Chan).

For example, here is how we might implement an echo server, using forever both to listen for client connections on a network socket and to echo client input on client connection handles:

echoServer :: Socket -> IO ()
echoServer socket = forever $ do
  client <- accept socket
  forkFinally (echo client) (\_ -> hClose client)
  where
    echo :: Handle -> IO ()
    echo client = forever $
      hGetLine client >>= hPutStrLn client

Note that "forever" isn't necessarily non-terminating. If the action is in a MonadPlus and short-circuits after some number of iterations. then forever actually returns mzero, effectively short-circuiting its caller.

utf8 :: TextEncoding #

The UTF-8 Unicode encoding

mkTextEncoding :: String -> IO TextEncoding #

Look up the named Unicode encoding. May fail with

The set of known encodings is system-dependent, but includes at least:

  • UTF-8
  • UTF-16, UTF-16BE, UTF-16LE
  • UTF-32, UTF-32BE, UTF-32LE

There is additional notation (borrowed from GNU iconv) for specifying how illegal characters are handled:

  • a suffix of //IGNORE, e.g. UTF-8//IGNORE, will cause all illegal sequences on input to be ignored, and on output will drop all code points that have no representation in the target encoding.
  • a suffix of //TRANSLIT will choose a replacement character for illegal sequences or code points.
  • a suffix of //ROUNDTRIP will use a PEP383-style escape mechanism to represent any invalid bytes in the input as Unicode codepoints (specifically, as lone surrogates, which are normally invalid in UTF-32). Upon output, these special codepoints are detected and turned back into the corresponding original byte.

In theory, this mechanism allows arbitrary data to be roundtripped via a String with no loss of data. In practice, there are two limitations to be aware of:

  1. This only stands a chance of working for an encoding which is an ASCII superset, as for security reasons we refuse to escape any bytes smaller than 128. Many encodings of interest are ASCII supersets (in particular, you can assume that the locale encoding is an ASCII superset) but many (such as UTF-16) are not.
  2. If the underlying encoding is not itself roundtrippable, this mechanism can fail. Roundtrippable encodings are those which have an injective mapping into Unicode. Almost all encodings meet this criteria, but some do not. Notably, Shift-JIS (CP932) and Big5 contain several different encodings of the same Unicode codepoint.

On Windows, you can access supported code pages with the prefix CP; for example, "CP1250".

hSeek :: Handle -> SeekMode -> Integer -> IO () #

Computation hSeek hdl mode i sets the position of handle hdl depending on mode. The offset i is given in terms of 8-bit bytes.

If hdl is block- or line-buffered, then seeking to a position which is not in the current buffer will first cause any items in the output buffer to be written to the device, and then cause the input buffer to be discarded. Some handles may not be seekable (see hIsSeekable), or only support a subset of the possible positioning operations (for instance, it may only be possible to seek to the end of a tape, or to a positive offset from the beginning or current position). It is not possible to set a negative I/O position, or for a physical file, an I/O position beyond the current end-of-file.

This operation may fail with:

hFlush :: Handle -> IO () #

The action hFlush hdl causes any items buffered for output in handle hdl to be sent immediately to the operating system.

This operation may fail with:

  • isFullError if the device is full;
  • isPermissionError if a system resource limit would be exceeded. It is unspecified whether the characters in the buffer are discarded or retained under these circumstances.

hLookAhead :: Handle -> IO Char #

Computation hLookAhead returns the next character from the handle without removing it from the input buffer, blocking until a character is available.

This operation may fail with:

fixIO :: (a -> IO a) -> IO a #

The implementation of mfix for IO. If the function passed to fixIO inspects its argument, the resulting action will throw FixIOException.

readFile' :: FilePath -> IO String #

The readFile' function reads a file and returns the contents of the file as a string. The file is fully read before being returned, as with getContents'.

Since: base-4.15.0.0

writeFile :: FilePath -> String -> IO () #

The computation writeFile file str function writes the string str, to the file file.

getLine :: IO String #

Read a line from the standard input device (same as hGetLine stdin).

putStrLn :: String -> IO () #

The same as putStr, but adds a newline character.

hClose :: Handle -> IO () #

Computation hClose hdl makes handle hdl closed. Before the computation finishes, if hdl is writable its buffer is flushed as for hFlush. Performing hClose on a handle that has already been closed has no effect; doing so is not an error. All other operations on a closed handle will fail. If hClose fails for any reason, any further operations (apart from hClose) on the handle will still fail as if hdl had been successfully closed.

hClose is an interruptible operation in the sense described in Control.Exception. If hClose is interrupted by an asynchronous exception in the process of flushing its buffers, then the I/O device (e.g., file) will be closed anyway.

hSetBinaryMode :: Handle -> Bool -> IO () #

Select binary mode (True) or text mode (False) on a open handle. (See also openBinaryFile.)

This has the same effect as calling hSetEncoding with char8, together with hSetNewlineMode with noNewlineTranslation.

localeEncoding :: TextEncoding #

The Unicode encoding of the current locale

This is the initial locale encoding: if it has been subsequently changed by setLocaleEncoding this value will not reflect that change.

liftM :: Monad m => (a1 -> r) -> m a1 -> m r #

Promote a function to a monad.

filter :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a] #

\(\mathcal{O}(n)\). filter, applied to a predicate and a list, returns the list of those elements that satisfy the predicate; i.e.,

filter p xs = [ x | x <- xs, p x]
>>> filter odd [1, 2, 3]
[1,3]

hGetBuf :: Handle -> Ptr a -> Int -> IO Int #

hGetBuf hdl buf count reads data from the handle hdl into the buffer buf until either EOF is reached or count 8-bit bytes have been read. It returns the number of bytes actually read. This may be zero if EOF was reached before any data was read (or if count is zero).

hGetBuf never raises an EOF exception, instead it returns a value smaller than count.

If the handle is a pipe or socket, and the writing end is closed, hGetBuf will behave as if EOF was reached.

hGetBuf ignores the prevailing TextEncoding and NewlineMode on the Handle, and reads bytes directly.

hPutBuf :: Handle -> Ptr a -> Int -> IO () #

hPutBuf hdl buf count writes count 8-bit bytes from the buffer buf to the handle hdl. It returns ().

hPutBuf ignores any text encoding that applies to the Handle, writing the bytes directly to the underlying file or device.

hPutBuf ignores the prevailing TextEncoding and NewlineMode on the Handle, and writes bytes directly.

This operation may fail with:

  • ResourceVanished if the handle is a pipe or socket, and the reading end is closed. (If this is a POSIX system, and the program has not asked to ignore SIGPIPE, then a SIGPIPE may be delivered instead, whose default action is to terminate the program).

hWaitForInput :: Handle -> Int -> IO Bool #

Computation hWaitForInput hdl t waits until input is available on handle hdl. It returns True as soon as input is available on hdl, or False if no input is available within t milliseconds. Note that hWaitForInput waits until one or more full characters are available, which means that it needs to do decoding, and hence may fail with a decoding error.

If t is less than zero, then hWaitForInput waits indefinitely.

This operation may fail with:

  • isEOFError if the end of file has been reached.
  • a decoding error, if the input begins with an invalid byte sequence in this Handle's encoding.

NOTE for GHC users: unless you use the -threaded flag, hWaitForInput hdl t where t >= 0 will block all other Haskell threads for the duration of the call. It behaves like a safe foreign call in this respect.

cycle :: HasCallStack => [a] -> [a] #

cycle ties a finite list into a circular one, or equivalently, the infinite repetition of the original list. It is the identity on infinite lists.

>>> cycle []
*** Exception: Prelude.cycle: empty list
>>> cycle [42]
[42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42,42...
>>> cycle [2, 5, 7]
[2,5,7,2,5,7,2,5,7,2,5,7...

seq :: forall {r :: RuntimeRep} a (b :: TYPE r). a -> b -> b infixr 0 #

The value of seq a b is bottom if a is bottom, and otherwise equal to b. In other words, it evaluates the first argument a to weak head normal form (WHNF). seq is usually introduced to improve performance by avoiding unneeded laziness.

A note on evaluation order: the expression seq a b does not guarantee that a will be evaluated before b. The only guarantee given by seq is that the both a and b will be evaluated before seq returns a value. In particular, this means that b may be evaluated before a. If you need to guarantee a specific order of evaluation, you must use the function pseq from the "parallel" package.

concat :: Foldable t => t [a] -> [a] #

The concatenation of all the elements of a container of lists.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> concat (Just [1, 2, 3])
[1,2,3]
>>> concat (Left 42)
[]
>>> concat [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5], [6], []]
[1,2,3,4,5,6]

zip :: [a] -> [b] -> [(a, b)] #

\(\mathcal{O}(\min(m,n))\). zip takes two lists and returns a list of corresponding pairs.

>>> zip [1, 2] ['a', 'b']
[(1,'a'),(2,'b')]

If one input list is shorter than the other, excess elements of the longer list are discarded, even if one of the lists is infinite:

>>> zip [1] ['a', 'b']
[(1,'a')]
>>> zip [1, 2] ['a']
[(1,'a')]
>>> zip [] [1..]
[]
>>> zip [1..] []
[]

zip is right-lazy:

>>> zip [] undefined
[]
>>> zip undefined []
*** Exception: Prelude.undefined
...

zip is capable of list fusion, but it is restricted to its first list argument and its resulting list.

print :: Show a => a -> IO () #

The print function outputs a value of any printable type to the standard output device. Printable types are those that are instances of class Show; print converts values to strings for output using the show operation and adds a newline.

For example, a program to print the first 20 integers and their powers of 2 could be written as:

main = print ([(n, 2^n) | n <- [0..19]])

guard :: Alternative f => Bool -> f () #

Conditional failure of Alternative computations. Defined by

guard True  = pure ()
guard False = empty

Examples

Expand

Common uses of guard include conditionally signaling an error in an error monad and conditionally rejecting the current choice in an Alternative-based parser.

As an example of signaling an error in the error monad Maybe, consider a safe division function safeDiv x y that returns Nothing when the denominator y is zero and Just (x `div` y) otherwise. For example:

>>> safeDiv 4 0
Nothing
>>> safeDiv 4 2
Just 2

A definition of safeDiv using guards, but not guard:

safeDiv :: Int -> Int -> Maybe Int
safeDiv x y | y /= 0    = Just (x `div` y)
            | otherwise = Nothing

A definition of safeDiv using guard and Monad do-notation:

safeDiv :: Int -> Int -> Maybe Int
safeDiv x y = do
  guard (y /= 0)
  return (x `div` y)

(^) :: (Num a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a infixr 8 #

raise a number to a non-negative integral power

(&&) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool infixr 3 #

Boolean "and", lazy in the second argument

(||) :: Bool -> Bool -> Bool infixr 2 #

Boolean "or", lazy in the second argument

not :: Bool -> Bool #

Boolean "not"

errorWithoutStackTrace :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) (a :: TYPE r). [Char] -> a #

A variant of error that does not produce a stack trace.

Since: base-4.9.0.0

undefined :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) (a :: TYPE r). HasCallStack => a #

A special case of error. It is expected that compilers will recognize this and insert error messages which are more appropriate to the context in which undefined appears.

(<**>) :: Applicative f => f a -> f (a -> b) -> f b infixl 4 #

A variant of <*> with the arguments reversed.

liftA :: Applicative f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b #

Lift a function to actions. Equivalent to Functor's fmap but implemented using only Applicative's methods: liftA f a = pure f <*> a

As such this function may be used to implement a Functor instance from an Applicative one.

Examples

Expand

Using the Applicative instance for Lists:

>>> liftA (+1) [1, 2]
[2,3]

Or the Applicative instance for Maybe

>>> liftA (+1) (Just 3)
Just 4

liftA3 :: Applicative f => (a -> b -> c -> d) -> f a -> f b -> f c -> f d #

Lift a ternary function to actions.

(=<<) :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> m a -> m b infixr 1 #

Same as >>=, but with the arguments interchanged.

when :: Applicative f => Bool -> f () -> f () #

Conditional execution of Applicative expressions. For example,

when debug (putStrLn "Debugging")

will output the string Debugging if the Boolean value debug is True, and otherwise do nothing.

liftM2 :: Monad m => (a1 -> a2 -> r) -> m a1 -> m a2 -> m r #

Promote a function to a monad, scanning the monadic arguments from left to right. For example,

liftM2 (+) [0,1] [0,2] = [0,2,1,3]
liftM2 (+) (Just 1) Nothing = Nothing

liftM3 :: Monad m => (a1 -> a2 -> a3 -> r) -> m a1 -> m a2 -> m a3 -> m r #

Promote a function to a monad, scanning the monadic arguments from left to right (cf. liftM2).

liftM4 :: Monad m => (a1 -> a2 -> a3 -> a4 -> r) -> m a1 -> m a2 -> m a3 -> m a4 -> m r #

Promote a function to a monad, scanning the monadic arguments from left to right (cf. liftM2).

liftM5 :: Monad m => (a1 -> a2 -> a3 -> a4 -> a5 -> r) -> m a1 -> m a2 -> m a3 -> m a4 -> m a5 -> m r #

Promote a function to a monad, scanning the monadic arguments from left to right (cf. liftM2).

ap :: Monad m => m (a -> b) -> m a -> m b #

In many situations, the liftM operations can be replaced by uses of ap, which promotes function application.

return f `ap` x1 `ap` ... `ap` xn

is equivalent to

liftMn f x1 x2 ... xn

const :: a -> b -> a #

const x y always evaluates to x, ignoring its second argument.

>>> const 42 "hello"
42
>>> map (const 42) [0..3]
[42,42,42,42]

(.) :: (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c infixr 9 #

Function composition.

flip :: (a -> b -> c) -> b -> a -> c #

flip f takes its (first) two arguments in the reverse order of f.

>>> flip (++) "hello" "world"
"worldhello"

($!) :: forall (r :: RuntimeRep) a (b :: TYPE r). (a -> b) -> a -> b infixr 0 #

Strict (call-by-value) application operator. It takes a function and an argument, evaluates the argument to weak head normal form (WHNF), then calls the function with that value.

until :: (a -> Bool) -> (a -> a) -> a -> a #

until p f yields the result of applying f until p holds.

asTypeOf :: a -> a -> a #

asTypeOf is a type-restricted version of const. It is usually used as an infix operator, and its typing forces its first argument (which is usually overloaded) to have the same type as the second.

subtract :: Num a => a -> a -> a #

the same as flip (-).

Because - is treated specially in the Haskell grammar, (- e) is not a section, but an application of prefix negation. However, (subtract exp) is equivalent to the disallowed section.

maybe :: b -> (a -> b) -> Maybe a -> b #

The maybe function takes a default value, a function, and a Maybe value. If the Maybe value is Nothing, the function returns the default value. Otherwise, it applies the function to the value inside the Just and returns the result.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> maybe False odd (Just 3)
True
>>> maybe False odd Nothing
False

Read an integer from a string using readMaybe. If we succeed, return twice the integer; that is, apply (*2) to it. If instead we fail to parse an integer, return 0 by default:

>>> import Text.Read ( readMaybe )
>>> maybe 0 (*2) (readMaybe "5")
10
>>> maybe 0 (*2) (readMaybe "")
0

Apply show to a Maybe Int. If we have Just n, we want to show the underlying Int n. But if we have Nothing, we return the empty string instead of (for example) "Nothing":

>>> maybe "" show (Just 5)
"5"
>>> maybe "" show Nothing
""

isJust :: Maybe a -> Bool #

The isJust function returns True iff its argument is of the form Just _.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> isJust (Just 3)
True
>>> isJust (Just ())
True
>>> isJust Nothing
False

Only the outer constructor is taken into consideration:

>>> isJust (Just Nothing)
True

isNothing :: Maybe a -> Bool #

The isNothing function returns True iff its argument is Nothing.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> isNothing (Just 3)
False
>>> isNothing (Just ())
False
>>> isNothing Nothing
True

Only the outer constructor is taken into consideration:

>>> isNothing (Just Nothing)
False

fromJust :: HasCallStack => Maybe a -> a #

The fromJust function extracts the element out of a Just and throws an error if its argument is Nothing.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> fromJust (Just 1)
1
>>> 2 * (fromJust (Just 10))
20
>>> 2 * (fromJust Nothing)
*** Exception: Maybe.fromJust: Nothing
...

WARNING: This function is partial. You can use case-matching instead.

fromMaybe :: a -> Maybe a -> a #

The fromMaybe function takes a default value and a Maybe value. If the Maybe is Nothing, it returns the default value; otherwise, it returns the value contained in the Maybe.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> fromMaybe "" (Just "Hello, World!")
"Hello, World!"
>>> fromMaybe "" Nothing
""

Read an integer from a string using readMaybe. If we fail to parse an integer, we want to return 0 by default:

>>> import Text.Read ( readMaybe )
>>> fromMaybe 0 (readMaybe "5")
5
>>> fromMaybe 0 (readMaybe "")
0

maybeToList :: Maybe a -> [a] #

The maybeToList function returns an empty list when given Nothing or a singleton list when given Just.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> maybeToList (Just 7)
[7]
>>> maybeToList Nothing
[]

One can use maybeToList to avoid pattern matching when combined with a function that (safely) works on lists:

>>> import Text.Read ( readMaybe )
>>> sum $ maybeToList (readMaybe "3")
3
>>> sum $ maybeToList (readMaybe "")
0

listToMaybe :: [a] -> Maybe a #

The listToMaybe function returns Nothing on an empty list or Just a where a is the first element of the list.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> listToMaybe []
Nothing
>>> listToMaybe [9]
Just 9
>>> listToMaybe [1,2,3]
Just 1

Composing maybeToList with listToMaybe should be the identity on singleton/empty lists:

>>> maybeToList $ listToMaybe [5]
[5]
>>> maybeToList $ listToMaybe []
[]

But not on lists with more than one element:

>>> maybeToList $ listToMaybe [1,2,3]
[1]

catMaybes :: [Maybe a] -> [a] #

The catMaybes function takes a list of Maybes and returns a list of all the Just values.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> catMaybes [Just 1, Nothing, Just 3]
[1,3]

When constructing a list of Maybe values, catMaybes can be used to return all of the "success" results (if the list is the result of a map, then mapMaybe would be more appropriate):

>>> import Text.Read ( readMaybe )
>>> [readMaybe x :: Maybe Int | x <- ["1", "Foo", "3"] ]
[Just 1,Nothing,Just 3]
>>> catMaybes $ [readMaybe x :: Maybe Int | x <- ["1", "Foo", "3"] ]
[1,3]

mapMaybe :: (a -> Maybe b) -> [a] -> [b] #

The mapMaybe function is a version of map which can throw out elements. In particular, the functional argument returns something of type Maybe b. If this is Nothing, no element is added on to the result list. If it is Just b, then b is included in the result list.

Examples

Expand

Using mapMaybe f x is a shortcut for catMaybes $ map f x in most cases:

>>> import Text.Read ( readMaybe )
>>> let readMaybeInt = readMaybe :: String -> Maybe Int
>>> mapMaybe readMaybeInt ["1", "Foo", "3"]
[1,3]
>>> catMaybes $ map readMaybeInt ["1", "Foo", "3"]
[1,3]

If we map the Just constructor, the entire list should be returned:

>>> mapMaybe Just [1,2,3]
[1,2,3]

tail :: HasCallStack => [a] -> [a] #

\(\mathcal{O}(1)\). Extract the elements after the head of a list, which must be non-empty.

>>> tail [1, 2, 3]
[2,3]
>>> tail [1]
[]
>>> tail []
*** Exception: Prelude.tail: empty list

WARNING: This function is partial. You can use case-matching or uncons instead.

last :: HasCallStack => [a] -> a #

\(\mathcal{O}(n)\). Extract the last element of a list, which must be finite and non-empty.

>>> last [1, 2, 3]
3
>>> last [1..]
* Hangs forever *
>>> last []
*** Exception: Prelude.last: empty list

WARNING: This function is partial. You can use reverse with case-matching, uncons or listToMaybe instead.

init :: HasCallStack => [a] -> [a] #

\(\mathcal{O}(n)\). Return all the elements of a list except the last one. The list must be non-empty.

>>> init [1, 2, 3]
[1,2]
>>> init [1]
[]
>>> init []
*** Exception: Prelude.init: empty list

WARNING: This function is partial. You can use reverse with case-matching or uncons instead.

scanl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> [a] -> [b] #

\(\mathcal{O}(n)\). scanl is similar to foldl, but returns a list of successive reduced values from the left:

scanl f z [x1, x2, ...] == [z, z `f` x1, (z `f` x1) `f` x2, ...]

Note that

last (scanl f z xs) == foldl f z xs
>>> scanl (+) 0 [1..4]
[0,1,3,6,10]
>>> scanl (+) 42 []
[42]
>>> scanl (-) 100 [1..4]
[100,99,97,94,90]
>>> scanl (\reversedString nextChar -> nextChar : reversedString) "foo" ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
["foo","afoo","bafoo","cbafoo","dcbafoo"]
>>> scanl (+) 0 [1..]
* Hangs forever *

scanl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> [a] -> [a] #

\(\mathcal{O}(n)\). scanl1 is a variant of scanl that has no starting value argument:

scanl1 f [x1, x2, ...] == [x1, x1 `f` x2, ...]
>>> scanl1 (+) [1..4]
[1,3,6,10]
>>> scanl1 (+) []
[]
>>> scanl1 (-) [1..4]
[1,-1,-4,-8]
>>> scanl1 (&&) [True, False, True, True]
[True,False,False,False]
>>> scanl1 (||) [False, False, True, True]
[False,False,True,True]
>>> scanl1 (+) [1..]
* Hangs forever *

scanr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> [a] -> [b] #

\(\mathcal{O}(n)\). scanr is the right-to-left dual of scanl. Note that the order of parameters on the accumulating function are reversed compared to scanl. Also note that

head (scanr f z xs) == foldr f z xs.
>>> scanr (+) 0 [1..4]
[10,9,7,4,0]
>>> scanr (+) 42 []
[42]
>>> scanr (-) 100 [1..4]
[98,-97,99,-96,100]
>>> scanr (\nextChar reversedString -> nextChar : reversedString) "foo" ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
["abcdfoo","bcdfoo","cdfoo","dfoo","foo"]
>>> force $ scanr (+) 0 [1..]
*** Exception: stack overflow

scanr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> [a] -> [a] #

\(\mathcal{O}(n)\). scanr1 is a variant of scanr that has no starting value argument.

>>> scanr1 (+) [1..4]
[10,9,7,4]
>>> scanr1 (+) []
[]
>>> scanr1 (-) [1..4]
[-2,3,-1,4]
>>> scanr1 (&&) [True, False, True, True]
[False,False,True,True]
>>> scanr1 (||) [True, True, False, False]
[True,True,False,False]
>>> force $ scanr1 (+) [1..]
*** Exception: stack overflow

iterate :: (a -> a) -> a -> [a] #

iterate f x returns an infinite list of repeated applications of f to x:

iterate f x == [x, f x, f (f x), ...]

Note that iterate is lazy, potentially leading to thunk build-up if the consumer doesn't force each iterate. See iterate' for a strict variant of this function.

>>> take 10 $ iterate not True
[True,False,True,False...
>>> take 10 $ iterate (+3) 42
[42,45,48,51,54,57,60,63...

repeat :: a -> [a] #

repeat x is an infinite list, with x the value of every element.

>>> repeat 17
[17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17,17...

takeWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a] #

takeWhile, applied to a predicate p and a list xs, returns the longest prefix (possibly empty) of xs of elements that satisfy p.

>>> takeWhile (< 3) [1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4]
[1,2]
>>> takeWhile (< 9) [1,2,3]
[1,2,3]
>>> takeWhile (< 0) [1,2,3]
[]

dropWhile :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a] #

dropWhile p xs returns the suffix remaining after takeWhile p xs.

>>> dropWhile (< 3) [1,2,3,4,5,1,2,3]
[3,4,5,1,2,3]
>>> dropWhile (< 9) [1,2,3]
[]
>>> dropWhile (< 0) [1,2,3]
[1,2,3]

take :: Int -> [a] -> [a] #

take n, applied to a list xs, returns the prefix of xs of length n, or xs itself if n >= length xs.

>>> take 5 "Hello World!"
"Hello"
>>> take 3 [1,2,3,4,5]
[1,2,3]
>>> take 3 [1,2]
[1,2]
>>> take 3 []
[]
>>> take (-1) [1,2]
[]
>>> take 0 [1,2]
[]

It is an instance of the more general genericTake, in which n may be of any integral type.

drop :: Int -> [a] -> [a] #

drop n xs returns the suffix of xs after the first n elements, or [] if n >= length xs.

>>> drop 6 "Hello World!"
"World!"
>>> drop 3 [1,2,3,4,5]
[4,5]
>>> drop 3 [1,2]
[]
>>> drop 3 []
[]
>>> drop (-1) [1,2]
[1,2]
>>> drop 0 [1,2]
[1,2]

It is an instance of the more general genericDrop, in which n may be of any integral type.

splitAt :: Int -> [a] -> ([a], [a]) #

splitAt n xs returns a tuple where first element is xs prefix of length n and second element is the remainder of the list:

>>> splitAt 6 "Hello World!"
("Hello ","World!")
>>> splitAt 3 [1,2,3,4,5]
([1,2,3],[4,5])
>>> splitAt 1 [1,2,3]
([1],[2,3])
>>> splitAt 3 [1,2,3]
([1,2,3],[])
>>> splitAt 4 [1,2,3]
([1,2,3],[])
>>> splitAt 0 [1,2,3]
([],[1,2,3])
>>> splitAt (-1) [1,2,3]
([],[1,2,3])

It is equivalent to (take n xs, drop n xs) when n is not _|_ (splitAt _|_ xs = _|_). splitAt is an instance of the more general genericSplitAt, in which n may be of any integral type.

span :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a]) #

span, applied to a predicate p and a list xs, returns a tuple where first element is longest prefix (possibly empty) of xs of elements that satisfy p and second element is the remainder of the list:

>>> span (< 3) [1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4]
([1,2],[3,4,1,2,3,4])
>>> span (< 9) [1,2,3]
([1,2,3],[])
>>> span (< 0) [1,2,3]
([],[1,2,3])

span p xs is equivalent to (takeWhile p xs, dropWhile p xs)

break :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a]) #

break, applied to a predicate p and a list xs, returns a tuple where first element is longest prefix (possibly empty) of xs of elements that do not satisfy p and second element is the remainder of the list:

>>> break (> 3) [1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4]
([1,2,3],[4,1,2,3,4])
>>> break (< 9) [1,2,3]
([],[1,2,3])
>>> break (> 9) [1,2,3]
([1,2,3],[])

break p is equivalent to span (not . p).

reverse :: [a] -> [a] #

reverse xs returns the elements of xs in reverse order. xs must be finite.

>>> reverse []
[]
>>> reverse [42]
[42]
>>> reverse [2,5,7]
[7,5,2]
>>> reverse [1..]
* Hangs forever *

and :: Foldable t => t Bool -> Bool #

and returns the conjunction of a container of Bools. For the result to be True, the container must be finite; False, however, results from a False value finitely far from the left end.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> and []
True
>>> and [True]
True
>>> and [False]
False
>>> and [True, True, False]
False
>>> and (False : repeat True) -- Infinite list [False,True,True,True,...
False
>>> and (repeat True)
* Hangs forever *

or :: Foldable t => t Bool -> Bool #

or returns the disjunction of a container of Bools. For the result to be False, the container must be finite; True, however, results from a True value finitely far from the left end.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> or []
False
>>> or [True]
True
>>> or [False]
False
>>> or [True, True, False]
True
>>> or (True : repeat False) -- Infinite list [True,False,False,False,...
True
>>> or (repeat False)
* Hangs forever *

any :: Foldable t => (a -> Bool) -> t a -> Bool #

Determines whether any element of the structure satisfies the predicate.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> any (> 3) []
False
>>> any (> 3) [1,2]
False
>>> any (> 3) [1,2,3,4,5]
True
>>> any (> 3) [1..]
True
>>> any (> 3) [0, -1..]
* Hangs forever *

all :: Foldable t => (a -> Bool) -> t a -> Bool #

Determines whether all elements of the structure satisfy the predicate.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> all (> 3) []
True
>>> all (> 3) [1,2]
False
>>> all (> 3) [1,2,3,4,5]
False
>>> all (> 3) [1..]
False
>>> all (> 3) [4..]
* Hangs forever *

notElem :: (Foldable t, Eq a) => a -> t a -> Bool infix 4 #

notElem is the negation of elem.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> 3 `notElem` []
True
>>> 3 `notElem` [1,2]
True
>>> 3 `notElem` [1,2,3,4,5]
False

For infinite structures, notElem terminates if the value exists at a finite distance from the left side of the structure:

>>> 3 `notElem` [1..]
False
>>> 3 `notElem` ([4..] ++ [3])
* Hangs forever *

lookup :: Eq a => a -> [(a, b)] -> Maybe b #

\(\mathcal{O}(n)\). lookup key assocs looks up a key in an association list. For the result to be Nothing, the list must be finite.

>>> lookup 2 []
Nothing
>>> lookup 2 [(1, "first")]
Nothing
>>> lookup 2 [(1, "first"), (2, "second"), (3, "third")]
Just "second"

concatMap :: Foldable t => (a -> [b]) -> t a -> [b] #

Map a function over all the elements of a container and concatenate the resulting lists.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> concatMap (take 3) [[1..], [10..], [100..], [1000..]]
[1,2,3,10,11,12,100,101,102,1000,1001,1002]
>>> concatMap (take 3) (Just [1..])
[1,2,3]

(!!) :: HasCallStack => [a] -> Int -> a infixl 9 #

List index (subscript) operator, starting from 0. It is an instance of the more general genericIndex, which takes an index of any integral type.

>>> ['a', 'b', 'c'] !! 0
'a'
>>> ['a', 'b', 'c'] !! 2
'c'
>>> ['a', 'b', 'c'] !! 3
*** Exception: Prelude.!!: index too large
>>> ['a', 'b', 'c'] !! (-1)
*** Exception: Prelude.!!: negative index

WARNING: This function is partial. You can use atMay instead.

zip3 :: [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [(a, b, c)] #

zip3 takes three lists and returns a list of triples, analogous to zip. It is capable of list fusion, but it is restricted to its first list argument and its resulting list.

zipWith3 :: (a -> b -> c -> d) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c] -> [d] #

The zipWith3 function takes a function which combines three elements, as well as three lists and returns a list of the function applied to corresponding elements, analogous to zipWith. It is capable of list fusion, but it is restricted to its first list argument and its resulting list.

zipWith3 (,,) xs ys zs == zip3 xs ys zs
zipWith3 f [x1,x2,x3..] [y1,y2,y3..] [z1,z2,z3..] == [f x1 y1 z1, f x2 y2 z2, f x3 y3 z3..]

unzip :: [(a, b)] -> ([a], [b]) #

unzip transforms a list of pairs into a list of first components and a list of second components.

>>> unzip []
([],[])
>>> unzip [(1, 'a'), (2, 'b')]
([1,2],"ab")

unzip3 :: [(a, b, c)] -> ([a], [b], [c]) #

The unzip3 function takes a list of triples and returns three lists, analogous to unzip.

>>> unzip3 []
([],[],[])
>>> unzip3 [(1, 'a', True), (2, 'b', False)]
([1,2],"ab",[True,False])

shows :: Show a => a -> ShowS #

equivalent to showsPrec with a precedence of 0.

showChar :: Char -> ShowS #

utility function converting a Char to a show function that simply prepends the character unchanged.

showString :: String -> ShowS #

utility function converting a String to a show function that simply prepends the string unchanged.

showParen :: Bool -> ShowS -> ShowS #

utility function that surrounds the inner show function with parentheses when the Bool parameter is True.

odd :: Integral a => a -> Bool #

(^^) :: (Fractional a, Integral b) => a -> b -> a infixr 8 #

raise a number to an integral power

gcd :: Integral a => a -> a -> a #

gcd x y is the non-negative factor of both x and y of which every common factor of x and y is also a factor; for example gcd 4 2 = 2, gcd (-4) 6 = 2, gcd 0 4 = 4. gcd 0 0 = 0. (That is, the common divisor that is "greatest" in the divisibility preordering.)

Note: Since for signed fixed-width integer types, abs minBound < 0, the result may be negative if one of the arguments is minBound (and necessarily is if the other is 0 or minBound) for such types.

lcm :: Integral a => a -> a -> a #

lcm x y is the smallest positive integer that both x and y divide.

bitDefault :: (Bits a, Num a) => Int -> a #

Default implementation for bit.

Note that: bitDefault i = 1 shiftL i

Since: base-4.6.0.0

testBitDefault :: (Bits a, Num a) => a -> Int -> Bool #

Default implementation for testBit.

Note that: testBitDefault x i = (x .&. bit i) /= 0

Since: base-4.6.0.0

popCountDefault :: (Bits a, Num a) => a -> Int #

Default implementation for popCount.

This implementation is intentionally naive. Instances are expected to provide an optimized implementation for their size.

Since: base-4.6.0.0

toIntegralSized :: (Integral a, Integral b, Bits a, Bits b) => a -> Maybe b #

Attempt to convert an Integral type a to an Integral type b using the size of the types as measured by Bits methods.

A simpler version of this function is:

toIntegral :: (Integral a, Integral b) => a -> Maybe b
toIntegral x
  | toInteger x == toInteger y = Just y
  | otherwise                  = Nothing
  where
    y = fromIntegral x

This version requires going through Integer, which can be inefficient. However, toIntegralSized is optimized to allow GHC to statically determine the relative type sizes (as measured by bitSizeMaybe and isSigned) and avoid going through Integer for many types. (The implementation uses fromIntegral, which is itself optimized with rules for base types but may go through Integer for some type pairs.)

Since: base-4.8.0.0

byteSwap16 :: Word16 -> Word16 #

Reverse order of bytes in Word16.

Since: base-4.7.0.0

byteSwap32 :: Word32 -> Word32 #

Reverse order of bytes in Word32.

Since: base-4.7.0.0

byteSwap64 :: Word64 -> Word64 #

Reverse order of bytes in Word64.

Since: base-4.7.0.0

bitReverse8 :: Word8 -> Word8 #

Reverse the order of the bits in a Word8.

Since: base-4.14.0.0

bitReverse16 :: Word16 -> Word16 #

Reverse the order of the bits in a Word16.

Since: base-4.14.0.0

bitReverse32 :: Word32 -> Word32 #

Reverse the order of the bits in a Word32.

Since: base-4.14.0.0

bitReverse64 :: Word64 -> Word64 #

Reverse the order of the bits in a Word64.

Since: base-4.14.0.0

fill :: (Pointer ptr, LengthUnit len, ByteSource src) => len -> src -> ptr a -> IO (FillResult src) #

snd :: (a, b) -> b #

Extract the second component of a pair.

curry :: ((a, b) -> c) -> a -> b -> c #

curry converts an uncurried function to a curried function.

Examples

Expand
>>> curry fst 1 2
1

void :: Functor f => f a -> f () #

void value discards or ignores the result of evaluation, such as the return value of an IO action.

Examples

Expand

Replace the contents of a Maybe Int with unit:

>>> void Nothing
Nothing
>>> void (Just 3)
Just ()

Replace the contents of an Either Int Int with unit, resulting in an Either Int ():

>>> void (Left 8675309)
Left 8675309
>>> void (Right 8675309)
Right ()

Replace every element of a list with unit:

>>> void [1,2,3]
[(),(),()]

Replace the second element of a pair with unit:

>>> void (1,2)
(1,())

Discard the result of an IO action:

>>> mapM print [1,2]
1
2
[(),()]
>>> void $ mapM print [1,2]
1
2

optional :: Alternative f => f a -> f (Maybe a) #

One or none.

It is useful for modelling any computation that is allowed to fail.

Examples

Expand

Using the Alternative instance of Control.Monad.Except, the following functions:

>>> import Control.Monad.Except
>>> canFail = throwError "it failed" :: Except String Int
>>> final = return 42                :: Except String Int

Can be combined by allowing the first function to fail:

>>> runExcept $ canFail *> final
Left "it failed"
>>> runExcept $ optional canFail *> final
Right 42

lex :: ReadS String #

The lex function reads a single lexeme from the input, discarding initial white space, and returning the characters that constitute the lexeme. If the input string contains only white space, lex returns a single successful `lexeme' consisting of the empty string. (Thus lex "" = [("","")].) If there is no legal lexeme at the beginning of the input string, lex fails (i.e. returns []).

This lexer is not completely faithful to the Haskell lexical syntax in the following respects:

  • Qualified names are not handled properly
  • Octal and hexadecimal numerics are not recognized as a single token
  • Comments are not treated properly

readParen :: Bool -> ReadS a -> ReadS a #

readParen True p parses what p parses, but surrounded with parentheses.

readParen False p parses what p parses, but optionally surrounded with parentheses.

alignPtr :: Storable a => Ptr a -> Alignment -> Ptr a #

either :: (a -> c) -> (b -> c) -> Either a b -> c #

Case analysis for the Either type. If the value is Left a, apply the first function to a; if it is Right b, apply the second function to b.

Examples

Expand

We create two values of type Either String Int, one using the Left constructor and another using the Right constructor. Then we apply "either" the length function (if we have a String) or the "times-two" function (if we have an Int):

>>> let s = Left "foo" :: Either String Int
>>> let n = Right 3 :: Either String Int
>>> either length (*2) s
3
>>> either length (*2) n
6

reads :: Read a => ReadS a #

equivalent to readsPrec with a precedence of 0.

read :: Read a => String -> a #

The read function reads input from a string, which must be completely consumed by the input process. read fails with an error if the parse is unsuccessful, and it is therefore discouraged from being used in real applications. Use readMaybe or readEither for safe alternatives.

>>> read "123" :: Int
123
>>> read "hello" :: Int
*** Exception: Prelude.read: no parse

oneBits :: FiniteBits a => a #

A more concise version of complement zeroBits.

>>> complement (zeroBits :: Word) == (oneBits :: Word)
True
>>> complement (oneBits :: Word) == (zeroBits :: Word)
True

Note

The constraint on oneBits is arguably too strong. However, as some types (such as Natural) have undefined complement, this is the only safe choice.

Since: base-4.16

(.^.) :: Bits a => a -> a -> a infixl 6 #

Infix version of xor.

Since: base-4.17

(.>>.) :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a infixl 8 #

Infix version of shiftR.

Since: base-4.17

(.<<.) :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a infixl 8 #

Infix version of shiftL.

Since: base-4.17

(!>>.) :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a infixl 8 #

Infix version of unsafeShiftR.

Since: base-4.17

(!<<.) :: Bits a => a -> Int -> a infixl 8 #

Infix version of unsafeShiftL.

Since: base-4.17

alignment :: Storable a => Proxy a -> Alignment #

asProxyTypeOf :: a -> proxy a -> a #

asProxyTypeOf is a type-restricted version of const. It is usually used as an infix operator, and its typing forces its first argument (which is usually overloaded) to have the same type as the tag of the second.

>>> import Data.Word
>>> :type asProxyTypeOf 123 (Proxy :: Proxy Word8)
asProxyTypeOf 123 (Proxy :: Proxy Word8) :: Word8

Note the lower-case proxy in the definition. This allows any type constructor with just one argument to be passed to the function, for example we could also write

>>> import Data.Word
>>> :type asProxyTypeOf 123 (Just (undefined :: Word8))
asProxyTypeOf 123 (Just (undefined :: Word8)) :: Word8

mapM_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (a -> m b) -> t a -> m () #

Map each element of a structure to a monadic action, evaluate these actions from left to right, and ignore the results. For a version that doesn't ignore the results see mapM.

mapM_ is just like traverse_, but specialised to monadic actions.

forM_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => t a -> (a -> m b) -> m () #

forM_ is mapM_ with its arguments flipped. For a version that doesn't ignore the results see forM.

forM_ is just like for_, but specialised to monadic actions.

sequence_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => t (m a) -> m () #

Evaluate each monadic action in the structure from left to right, and ignore the results. For a version that doesn't ignore the results see sequence.

sequence_ is just like sequenceA_, but specialised to monadic actions.

asum :: (Foldable t, Alternative f) => t (f a) -> f a #

The sum of a collection of actions using (<|>), generalizing concat.

asum is just like msum, but generalised to Alternative.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> asum [Just "Hello", Nothing, Just "World"]
Just "Hello"

msum :: (Foldable t, MonadPlus m) => t (m a) -> m a #

The sum of a collection of actions using (<|>), generalizing concat.

msum is just like asum, but specialised to MonadPlus.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage, using the MonadPlus instance for Maybe:

>>> msum [Just "Hello", Nothing, Just "World"]
Just "Hello"

lines :: String -> [String] #

Splits the argument into a list of lines stripped of their terminating \n characters. The \n terminator is optional in a final non-empty line of the argument string.

For example:

>>> lines ""           -- empty input contains no lines
[]
>>> lines "\n"         -- single empty line
[""]
>>> lines "one"        -- single unterminated line
["one"]
>>> lines "one\n"      -- single non-empty line
["one"]
>>> lines "one\n\n"    -- second line is empty
["one",""]
>>> lines "one\ntwo"   -- second line is unterminated
["one","two"]
>>> lines "one\ntwo\n" -- two non-empty lines
["one","two"]

When the argument string is empty, or ends in a \n character, it can be recovered by passing the result of lines to the unlines function. Otherwise, unlines appends the missing terminating \n. This makes unlines . lines idempotent:

(unlines . lines) . (unlines . lines) = (unlines . lines)

unlines :: [String] -> String #

Appends a \n character to each input string, then concatenates the results. Equivalent to foldMap (s -> s ++ "\n").

>>> unlines ["Hello", "World", "!"]
"Hello\nWorld\n!\n"

Note that unlines . lines /= id when the input is not \n-terminated:

>>> unlines . lines $ "foo\nbar"
"foo\nbar\n"

words :: String -> [String] #

words breaks a string up into a list of words, which were delimited by white space (as defined by isSpace). This function trims any white spaces at the beginning and at the end.

>>> words "Lorem ipsum\ndolor"
["Lorem","ipsum","dolor"]
>>> words " foo bar "
["foo","bar"]

unwords :: [String] -> String #

unwords joins words with separating spaces (U+0020 SPACE).

>>> unwords ["Lorem", "ipsum", "dolor"]
"Lorem ipsum dolor"

unwords is neither left nor right inverse of words:

>>> words (unwords [" "])
[]
>>> unwords (words "foo\nbar")
"foo bar"

userError :: String -> IOError #

Construct an IOException value with a string describing the error. The fail method of the IO instance of the Monad class raises a userError, thus:

instance Monad IO where
  ...
  fail s = ioError (userError s)

encode :: (Encodable a, Format fmt) => a -> fmt #

write :: EndianStore a => a -> WriteTo #

nativeNewline :: Newline #

The native newline representation for the current platform: LF on Unix systems, CRLF on Windows.

universalNewlineMode :: NewlineMode #

Map '\r\n' into '\n' on input, and '\n' to the native newline representation on output. This mode can be used on any platform, and works with text files using any newline convention. The downside is that readFile >>= writeFile might yield a different file.

universalNewlineMode  = NewlineMode { inputNL  = CRLF,
                                      outputNL = nativeNewline }

nativeNewlineMode :: NewlineMode #

Use the native newline representation on both input and output

nativeNewlineMode  = NewlineMode { inputNL  = nativeNewline
                                   outputNL = nativeNewline }

noNewlineTranslation :: NewlineMode #

Do no newline translation at all.

noNewlineTranslation  = NewlineMode { inputNL  = LF, outputNL = LF }

ioError :: IOError -> IO a #

Raise an IOException in the IO monad.

utf8_bom :: TextEncoding #

The UTF-8 Unicode encoding, with a byte-order-mark (BOM; the byte sequence 0xEF 0xBB 0xBF). This encoding behaves like utf8, except that on input, the BOM sequence is ignored at the beginning of the stream, and on output, the BOM sequence is prepended.

The byte-order-mark is strictly unnecessary in UTF-8, but is sometimes used to identify the encoding of a file.

utf32 :: TextEncoding #

The UTF-32 Unicode encoding (a byte-order-mark should be used to indicate endianness).

utf32be :: TextEncoding #

The UTF-32 Unicode encoding (big-endian)

utf32le :: TextEncoding #

The UTF-32 Unicode encoding (little-endian)

utf16 :: TextEncoding #

The UTF-16 Unicode encoding (a byte-order-mark should be used to indicate endianness).

utf16be :: TextEncoding #

The UTF-16 Unicode encoding (big-endian)

utf16le :: TextEncoding #

The UTF-16 Unicode encoding (little-endian)

latin1 :: TextEncoding #

The Latin1 (ISO8859-1) encoding. This encoding maps bytes directly to the first 256 Unicode code points, and is thus not a complete Unicode encoding. An attempt to write a character greater than '\255' to a Handle using the latin1 encoding will result in an error.

char8 :: TextEncoding #

An encoding in which Unicode code points are translated to bytes by taking the code point modulo 256. When decoding, bytes are translated directly into the equivalent code point.

This encoding never fails in either direction. However, encoding discards information, so encode followed by decode is not the identity.

Since: base-4.4.0.0

memcpy :: (LengthUnit l, Pointer ptrS, Pointer ptrD) => Dest (ptrD dest) -> Src (ptrS src) -> l -> IO () #

hGetChar :: Handle -> IO Char #

Computation hGetChar hdl reads a character from the file or channel managed by hdl, blocking until a character is available.

This operation may fail with:

hGetLine :: Handle -> IO String #

Computation hGetLine hdl reads a line from the file or channel managed by hdl.

This operation may fail with:

  • isEOFError if the end of file is encountered when reading the first character of the line.

If hGetLine encounters end-of-file at any other point while reading in a line, it is treated as a line terminator and the (partial) line is returned.

hGetContents' :: Handle -> IO String #

The hGetContents' operation reads all input on the given handle before returning it as a String and closing the handle.

Since: base-4.15.0.0

hPutChar :: Handle -> Char -> IO () #

Computation hPutChar hdl ch writes the character ch to the file or channel managed by hdl. Characters may be buffered if buffering is enabled for hdl.

This operation may fail with:

hPutStr :: Handle -> String -> IO () #

Computation hPutStr hdl s writes the string s to the file or channel managed by hdl.

This operation may fail with:

hPutStrLn :: Handle -> String -> IO () #

The same as hPutStr, but adds a newline character.

hGetBufSome :: Handle -> Ptr a -> Int -> IO Int #

hGetBufSome hdl buf count reads data from the handle hdl into the buffer buf. If there is any data available to read, then hGetBufSome returns it immediately; it only blocks if there is no data to be read.

It returns the number of bytes actually read. This may be zero if EOF was reached before any data was read (or if count is zero).

hGetBufSome never raises an EOF exception, instead it returns a value smaller than count.

If the handle is a pipe or socket, and the writing end is closed, hGetBufSome will behave as if EOF was reached.

hGetBufSome ignores the prevailing TextEncoding and NewlineMode on the Handle, and reads bytes directly.

hGetBufNonBlocking :: Handle -> Ptr a -> Int -> IO Int #

hGetBufNonBlocking hdl buf count reads data from the handle hdl into the buffer buf until either EOF is reached, or count 8-bit bytes have been read, or there is no more data available to read immediately.

hGetBufNonBlocking is identical to hGetBuf, except that it will never block waiting for data to become available, instead it returns only whatever data is available. To wait for data to arrive before calling hGetBufNonBlocking, use hWaitForInput.

If the handle is a pipe or socket, and the writing end is closed, hGetBufNonBlocking will behave as if EOF was reached.

hGetBufNonBlocking ignores the prevailing TextEncoding and NewlineMode on the Handle, and reads bytes directly.

NOTE: on Windows, this function does not work correctly; it behaves identically to hGetBuf.

withFile :: FilePath -> IOMode -> (Handle -> IO r) -> IO r #

withBinaryFile :: FilePath -> IOMode -> (Handle -> IO r) -> IO r #

hFileSize :: Handle -> IO Integer #

For a handle hdl which attached to a physical file, hFileSize hdl returns the size of that file in 8-bit bytes.

hSetFileSize :: Handle -> Integer -> IO () #

hSetFileSize hdl size truncates the physical file with handle hdl to size bytes.

hIsEOF :: Handle -> IO Bool #

For a readable handle hdl, hIsEOF hdl returns True if no further input can be taken from hdl or for a physical file, if the current I/O position is equal to the length of the file. Otherwise, it returns False.

NOTE: hIsEOF may block, because it has to attempt to read from the stream to determine whether there is any more data to be read.

isEOF :: IO Bool #

The computation isEOF is identical to hIsEOF, except that it works only on stdin.

hSetBuffering :: Handle -> BufferMode -> IO () #

Computation hSetBuffering hdl mode sets the mode of buffering for handle hdl on subsequent reads and writes.

If the buffer mode is changed from BlockBuffering or LineBuffering to NoBuffering, then

  • if hdl is writable, the buffer is flushed as for hFlush;
  • if hdl is not writable, the contents of the buffer is discarded.

This operation may fail with:

  • isPermissionError if the handle has already been used for reading or writing and the implementation does not allow the buffering mode to be changed.

hSetEncoding :: Handle -> TextEncoding -> IO () #

The action hSetEncoding hdl encoding changes the text encoding for the handle hdl to encoding. The default encoding when a Handle is created is localeEncoding, namely the default encoding for the current locale.

To create a Handle with no encoding at all, use openBinaryFile. To stop further encoding or decoding on an existing Handle, use hSetBinaryMode.

hSetEncoding may need to flush buffered data in order to change the encoding.

hGetEncoding :: Handle -> IO (Maybe TextEncoding) #

Return the current TextEncoding for the specified Handle, or Nothing if the Handle is in binary mode.

Note that the TextEncoding remembers nothing about the state of the encoder/decoder in use on this Handle. For example, if the encoding in use is UTF-16, then using hGetEncoding and hSetEncoding to save and restore the encoding may result in an extra byte-order-mark being written to the file.

hGetPosn :: Handle -> IO HandlePosn #

Computation hGetPosn hdl returns the current I/O position of hdl as a value of the abstract type HandlePosn.

hSetPosn :: HandlePosn -> IO () #

If a call to hGetPosn hdl returns a position p, then computation hSetPosn p sets the position of hdl to the position it held at the time of the call to hGetPosn.

This operation may fail with:

hTell :: Handle -> IO Integer #

Computation hTell hdl returns the current position of the handle hdl, as the number of bytes from the beginning of the file. The value returned may be subsequently passed to hSeek to reposition the handle to the current position.

This operation may fail with:

hGetBuffering :: Handle -> IO BufferMode #

Computation hGetBuffering hdl returns the current buffering mode for hdl.

hSetEcho :: Handle -> Bool -> IO () #

Set the echoing status of a handle connected to a terminal.

hGetEcho :: Handle -> IO Bool #

Get the echoing status of a handle connected to a terminal.

hSetNewlineMode :: Handle -> NewlineMode -> IO () #

Set the NewlineMode on the specified Handle. All buffered data is flushed first.

hShow :: Handle -> IO String #

hShow is in the IO monad, and gives more comprehensive output than the (pure) instance of Show for Handle.

putChar :: Char -> IO () #

Write a character to the standard output device (same as hPutChar stdout).

putStr :: String -> IO () #

Write a string to the standard output device (same as hPutStr stdout).

getChar :: IO Char #

Read a character from the standard input device (same as hGetChar stdin).

getContents :: IO String #

The getContents operation returns all user input as a single string, which is read lazily as it is needed (same as hGetContents stdin).

getContents' :: IO String #

The getContents' operation returns all user input as a single string, which is fully read before being returned (same as hGetContents' stdin).

Since: base-4.15.0.0

interact :: (String -> String) -> IO () #

The interact function takes a function of type String->String as its argument. The entire input from the standard input device is passed to this function as its argument, and the resulting string is output on the standard output device.

readFile :: FilePath -> IO String #

The readFile function reads a file and returns the contents of the file as a string. The file is read lazily, on demand, as with getContents.

appendFile :: FilePath -> String -> IO () #

The computation appendFile file str function appends the string str, to the file file.

Note that writeFile and appendFile write a literal string to a file. To write a value of any printable type, as with print, use the show function to convert the value to a string first.

main = appendFile "squares" (show [(x,x*x) | x <- [0,0.1..2]])

readLn :: Read a => IO a #

The readLn function combines getLine and readIO.

readIO :: Read a => String -> IO a #

The readIO function is similar to read except that it signals parse failure to the IO monad instead of terminating the program.

hReady :: Handle -> IO Bool #

Computation hReady hdl indicates whether at least one item is available for input from handle hdl.

This operation may fail with:

hPrint :: Show a => Handle -> a -> IO () #

Computation hPrint hdl t writes the string representation of t given by the shows function to the file or channel managed by hdl and appends a newline.

This operation may fail with:

openTempFile #

Arguments

:: FilePath

Directory in which to create the file

-> String

File name template. If the template is "foo.ext" then the created file will be "fooXXX.ext" where XXX is some random number. Note that this should not contain any path separator characters. On Windows, the template prefix may be truncated to 3 chars, e.g. "foobar.ext" will be "fooXXX.ext".

-> IO (FilePath, Handle) 

The function creates a temporary file in ReadWrite mode. The created file isn't deleted automatically, so you need to delete it manually.

The file is created with permissions such that only the current user can read/write it.

With some exceptions (see below), the file will be created securely in the sense that an attacker should not be able to cause openTempFile to overwrite another file on the filesystem using your credentials, by putting symbolic links (on Unix) in the place where the temporary file is to be created. On Unix the O_CREAT and O_EXCL flags are used to prevent this attack, but note that O_EXCL is sometimes not supported on NFS filesystems, so if you rely on this behaviour it is best to use local filesystems only.

openBinaryTempFile :: FilePath -> String -> IO (FilePath, Handle) #

Like openTempFile, but opens the file in binary mode. See openBinaryFile for more comments.

openTempFileWithDefaultPermissions :: FilePath -> String -> IO (FilePath, Handle) #

Like openTempFile, but uses the default file permissions

openBinaryTempFileWithDefaultPermissions :: FilePath -> String -> IO (FilePath, Handle) #

Like openBinaryTempFile, but uses the default file permissions

filterM :: Applicative m => (a -> m Bool) -> [a] -> m [a] #

This generalizes the list-based filter function.

(>=>) :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> (b -> m c) -> a -> m c infixr 1 #

Left-to-right composition of Kleisli arrows.

'(bs >=> cs) a' can be understood as the do expression

do b <- bs a
   cs b

(<=<) :: Monad m => (b -> m c) -> (a -> m b) -> a -> m c infixr 1 #

Right-to-left composition of Kleisli arrows. (>=>), with the arguments flipped.

Note how this operator resembles function composition (.):

(.)   ::            (b ->   c) -> (a ->   b) -> a ->   c
(<=<) :: Monad m => (b -> m c) -> (a -> m b) -> a -> m c

mapAndUnzipM :: Applicative m => (a -> m (b, c)) -> [a] -> m ([b], [c]) #

The mapAndUnzipM function maps its first argument over a list, returning the result as a pair of lists. This function is mainly used with complicated data structures or a state monad.

zipWithM :: Applicative m => (a -> b -> m c) -> [a] -> [b] -> m [c] #

The zipWithM function generalizes zipWith to arbitrary applicative functors.

zipWithM_ :: Applicative m => (a -> b -> m c) -> [a] -> [b] -> m () #

zipWithM_ is the extension of zipWithM which ignores the final result.

foldM :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (b -> a -> m b) -> b -> t a -> m b #

The foldM function is analogous to foldl, except that its result is encapsulated in a monad. Note that foldM works from left-to-right over the list arguments. This could be an issue where (>>) and the `folded function' are not commutative.

foldM f a1 [x1, x2, ..., xm]

==

do
  a2 <- f a1 x1
  a3 <- f a2 x2
  ...
  f am xm

If right-to-left evaluation is required, the input list should be reversed.

Note: foldM is the same as foldlM

foldM_ :: (Foldable t, Monad m) => (b -> a -> m b) -> b -> t a -> m () #

Like foldM, but discards the result.

replicateM :: Applicative m => Int -> m a -> m [a] #

replicateM n act performs the action act n times, and then returns the list of results:

Examples

Expand
>>> import Control.Monad.State
>>> runState (replicateM 3 $ state $ \s -> (s, s + 1)) 1
([1,2,3],4)

replicateM_ :: Applicative m => Int -> m a -> m () #

Like replicateM, but discards the result.

Examples

Expand
>>> replicateM_ 3 (putStrLn "a")
a
a
a

unless :: Applicative f => Bool -> f () -> f () #

The reverse of when.

(<$!>) :: Monad m => (a -> b) -> m a -> m b infixl 4 #

Strict version of <$>.

Since: base-4.8.0.0

mfilter :: MonadPlus m => (a -> Bool) -> m a -> m a #

Direct MonadPlus equivalent of filter.

Examples

Expand

The filter function is just mfilter specialized to the list monad:

filter = ( mfilter :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a] )

An example using mfilter with the Maybe monad:

>>> mfilter odd (Just 1)
Just 1
>>> mfilter odd (Just 2)
Nothing

runIO :: IO r -> SpecM a r #

Run an IO action while constructing the spec tree.

SpecM is a monad to construct a spec tree, without executing any spec items. runIO allows you to run IO actions during this construction phase. The IO action is always run when the spec tree is constructed (e.g. even when --dry-run is specified). If you do not need the result of the IO action to construct the spec tree, beforeAll may be more suitable for your use case.

decode :: (Format fmt, Encodable a) => fmt -> Maybe a #

atMost :: (LengthUnit src, LengthUnit dest) => src -> dest #

create :: LengthUnit l => l -> (Ptr a -> IO ()) -> IO ByteString #

memset :: (LengthUnit l, Pointer ptr) => ptr a -> Word8 -> l -> IO () #

pack :: [Word8] -> ByteString #

O(n) Convert a [Word8] into a ByteString.

For applications with large numbers of string literals, pack can be a bottleneck. In such cases, consider using unsafePackAddress (GHC only).

modifyMaxSuccess :: (Int -> Int) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Use a modified maxSuccess for given spec.

modifyMaxDiscardRatio :: (Int -> Int) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Use a modified maxDiscardRatio for given spec.

modifyMaxSize :: (Int -> Int) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Use a modified maxSize for given spec.

modifyMaxShrinks :: (Int -> Int) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Use a modified maxShrinks for given spec.

modifyArgs :: (Args -> Args) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Use modified Args for given spec.

before :: IO a -> SpecWith a -> Spec #

Run a custom action before every spec item.

before_ :: IO () -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Run a custom action before every spec item.

beforeWith :: (b -> IO a) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith b #

Run a custom action before every spec item.

beforeAll :: HasCallStack => IO a -> SpecWith a -> Spec #

Run a custom action before the first spec item.

beforeAll_ :: HasCallStack => IO () -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Run a custom action before the first spec item.

beforeAllWith :: HasCallStack => (b -> IO a) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith b #

Run a custom action with an argument before the first spec item.

after :: ActionWith a -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Run a custom action after every spec item.

after_ :: IO () -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Run a custom action after every spec item.

around :: (ActionWith a -> IO ()) -> SpecWith a -> Spec #

Run a custom action before and/or after every spec item.

afterAll :: HasCallStack => ActionWith a -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Run a custom action after the last spec item.

afterAll_ :: HasCallStack => IO () -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Run a custom action after the last spec item.

around_ :: (IO () -> IO ()) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Run a custom action before and/or after every spec item.

aroundWith :: (ActionWith a -> ActionWith b) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith b #

Run a custom action before and/or after every spec item.

aroundAll :: HasCallStack => (ActionWith a -> IO ()) -> SpecWith a -> Spec #

Wrap an action around the given spec.

aroundAll_ :: HasCallStack => (IO () -> IO ()) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Wrap an action around the given spec.

aroundAllWith :: HasCallStack => (ActionWith a -> ActionWith b) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith b #

Wrap an action around the given spec. Changes the arg type inside.

mapSubject :: (b -> a) -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith b #

Modify the subject under test.

Note that this resembles a contravariant functor on the first type parameter of SpecM. This is because the subject is passed inwards, as an argument to the spec item.

ignoreSubject :: SpecWith () -> SpecWith a #

Ignore the subject under test for a given spec.

describe :: HasCallStack => String -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

The describe function combines a list of specs into a larger spec.

context :: HasCallStack => String -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

context is an alias for describe.

xdescribe :: HasCallStack => String -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

Changing describe to xdescribe marks all spec items of the corresponding subtree as pending.

This can be used to temporarily disable spec items.

xcontext :: HasCallStack => String -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

xcontext is an alias for xdescribe.

it :: (HasCallStack, Example a) => String -> a -> SpecWith (Arg a) #

The it function creates a spec item.

A spec item consists of:

  • a textual description of a desired behavior
  • an example for that behavior
describe "absolute" $ do
  it "returns a positive number when given a negative number" $
    absolute (-1) == 1

specify :: (HasCallStack, Example a) => String -> a -> SpecWith (Arg a) #

specify is an alias for it.

xit :: (HasCallStack, Example a) => String -> a -> SpecWith (Arg a) #

Changing it to xit marks the corresponding spec item as pending.

This can be used to temporarily disable a spec item.

xspecify :: (HasCallStack, Example a) => String -> a -> SpecWith (Arg a) #

xspecify is an alias for xit.

focus :: SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

focus focuses all spec items of the given spec.

Applying focus to a spec with focused spec items has no effect.

fit :: (HasCallStack, Example a) => String -> a -> SpecWith (Arg a) #

fit is an alias for fmap focus . it

fspecify :: (HasCallStack, Example a) => String -> a -> SpecWith (Arg a) #

fspecify is an alias for fit.

fdescribe :: HasCallStack => String -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

fdescribe is an alias for fmap focus . describe

fcontext :: HasCallStack => String -> SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

fcontext is an alias for fdescribe.

parallel :: SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

parallel marks all spec items of the given spec to be safe for parallel evaluation.

sequential :: SpecWith a -> SpecWith a #

sequential marks all spec items of the given spec to be evaluated sequentially.

pending :: HasCallStack => Expectation #

pending can be used to mark a spec item as pending.

If you want to textually specify a behavior but do not have an example yet, use this:

describe "fancyFormatter" $ do
  it "can format text in a way that everyone likes" $
    pending

pendingWith :: HasCallStack => String -> Expectation #

pendingWith is similar to pending, but it takes an additional string argument that can be used to specify the reason for why the spec item is pending.

example :: Expectation -> Expectation #

example is a type restricted version of id. It can be used to get better error messages on type mismatches.

Compare e.g.

it "exposes some behavior" $ example $ do
  putStrLn

with

it "exposes some behavior" $ do
  putStrLn

prop :: (HasCallStack, Testable prop) => String -> prop -> Spec #

prop ".." $
  ..

is a shortcut for

it ".." $ property $
  ..

xprop :: (HasCallStack, Testable prop) => String -> prop -> Spec #

xprop ".." $
  ..

is a shortcut for

xit ".." $ property $
  ..

fprop :: (HasCallStack, Testable prop) => String -> prop -> Spec #

fprop ".." $
  ..

is a shortcut for

fit ".." $ property $
  ..

shouldBe :: (HasCallStack, Show a, Eq a) => a -> a -> Expectation infix 1 #

actual `shouldBe` expected sets the expectation that actual is equal to expected.

shouldSatisfy :: (HasCallStack, Show a) => a -> (a -> Bool) -> Expectation infix 1 #

v `shouldSatisfy` p sets the expectation that p v is True.

shouldStartWith :: (HasCallStack, Show a, Eq a) => [a] -> [a] -> Expectation infix 1 #

list `shouldStartWith` prefix sets the expectation that list starts with prefix,

shouldEndWith :: (HasCallStack, Show a, Eq a) => [a] -> [a] -> Expectation infix 1 #

list `shouldEndWith` suffix sets the expectation that list ends with suffix,

shouldContain :: (HasCallStack, Show a, Eq a) => [a] -> [a] -> Expectation infix 1 #

list `shouldContain` sublist sets the expectation that sublist is contained, wholly and intact, anywhere in list.

shouldMatchList :: (HasCallStack, Show a, Eq a) => [a] -> [a] -> Expectation infix 1 #

xs `shouldMatchList` ys sets the expectation that xs has the same elements that ys has, possibly in another order

shouldReturn :: (HasCallStack, Show a, Eq a) => IO a -> a -> Expectation infix 1 #

action `shouldReturn` expected sets the expectation that action returns expected.

shouldNotBe :: (HasCallStack, Show a, Eq a) => a -> a -> Expectation infix 1 #

actual `shouldNotBe` notExpected sets the expectation that actual is not equal to notExpected

shouldNotSatisfy :: (HasCallStack, Show a) => a -> (a -> Bool) -> Expectation infix 1 #

v `shouldNotSatisfy` p sets the expectation that p v is False.

shouldNotContain :: (HasCallStack, Show a, Eq a) => [a] -> [a] -> Expectation infix 1 #

list `shouldNotContain` sublist sets the expectation that sublist is not contained anywhere in list.

shouldNotReturn :: (HasCallStack, Show a, Eq a) => IO a -> a -> Expectation infix 1 #

action `shouldNotReturn` notExpected sets the expectation that action does not return notExpected.

shouldThrow :: (HasCallStack, Exception e) => IO a -> Selector e -> Expectation infix 1 #

action `shouldThrow` selector sets the expectation that action throws an exception. The precise nature of the expected exception is described with a Selector.

movePtr :: LengthUnit l => Ptr a -> l -> Ptr a #

translate :: (Format fmt1, Format fmt2) => fmt1 -> fmt2 #

unsafeFromList :: forall a (dim :: Nat). (Unbox a, Dimension dim) => [a] -> Tuple dim a #

processChunks :: (Pointer ptr, MonadIO m, LengthUnit chunkSize, ByteSource src) => m a -> (BYTES Int -> m b) -> src -> ptr something -> chunkSize -> m b #

withFillResult :: (a -> b) -> (BYTES Int -> b) -> FillResult a -> b #

unsafeDecode :: (Format fmt, Encodable a) => fmt -> a #

copyCell :: Storable a => Dest (MemoryCell a) -> Src (MemoryCell a) -> IO () #

memTransfer :: (ReadAccessible src, WriteAccessible dest) => Dest dest -> Src src -> IO () #

modifyMem :: (Initialisable mem a, Extractable mem b) => (b -> a) -> mem -> IO () #

withCellPointer :: Storable a => (Ptr a -> IO b) -> MemoryCell a -> IO b #

withMemory :: Memory mem => (mem -> IO a) -> IO a #

withMemoryPtr :: Memory m => (BYTES Int -> Ptr Word8 -> IO a) -> m -> IO a #

withSecureMemory :: Memory mem => (mem -> IO a) -> IO a #

consume :: EndianStore a => (a -> IO b) -> ReadFrom #

consumeParse :: Parser a -> (a -> IO b) -> ReadFrom #

consumeStorable :: Storable a => (a -> IO b) -> ReadFrom #

skip :: forall l (t :: Mode). LengthUnit l => l -> Transfer t #

writeVector :: (EndianStore a, Vector v a) => v a -> WriteTo #

transferSize :: forall (t :: Mode). Transfer t -> BYTES Int #

destination :: a -> Dest a #

source :: a -> Src a #

bigEndian :: w -> BE w #

copyFromBytes :: EndianStore w => Dest (Ptr w) -> Src (Ptr Word8) -> Int -> IO () #

copyToBytes :: EndianStore w => Dest (Ptr Word8) -> Src (Ptr w) -> Int -> IO () #

littleEndian :: w -> LE w #

loadFrom :: (EndianStore w, LengthUnit offset) => Ptr w -> offset -> IO w #

loadFromIndex :: EndianStore w => Ptr w -> Int -> IO w #

storeAt :: (EndianStore w, LengthUnit offset) => Ptr w -> offset -> w -> IO () #

storeAtIndex :: EndianStore w => Ptr w -> Int -> w -> IO () #

allocaBuffer :: (LengthUnit l, Pointer ptr) => l -> (ptr something -> IO b) -> IO b #

allocaSecure :: (LengthUnit l, Pointer ptr) => l -> (ptr a -> IO b) -> IO b #

atLeast :: (LengthUnit src, LengthUnit dest) => src -> dest #

atLeastAligned :: LengthUnit l => l -> Alignment -> BYTES Int #

hFillBuf :: (LengthUnit bufSize, Pointer ptr) => Handle -> ptr a -> bufSize -> IO (BYTES Int) #

nextAlignedPtr :: forall a (n :: Nat). (Storable a, KnownNat n) => Ptr a -> AlignedPtr n a #

nextLocation :: Storable a => Ptr a -> Ptr a #

peekAligned :: Storable a => Ptr a -> IO a #

pokeAligned :: Storable a => Ptr a -> a -> IO () #

ptrAlignment :: forall (n :: Nat) a. KnownNat n => Proxy (AlignedPtr n a) -> Alignment #

unsafeWithPointer :: Pointer ptr => (Ptr a -> b) -> ptr a -> b #

unsafeWithPointerCast :: Pointer ptr => (Ptr a -> b) -> ptr something -> b #

wipeMemory :: (LengthUnit l, Pointer ptr) => ptr a -> l -> IO () #

diagonal :: forall a (dim :: Nat). (Unbox a, Dimension dim) => a -> Tuple dim a #

dimension :: forall (dim :: Nat) a. Dimension dim => Tuple dim a -> Int #

dimension' :: forall (dim :: Nat) a. Dimension dim => Proxy (Tuple dim a) -> Int #

generateIO :: forall (dim :: Nat) a. (Dimension dim, Unbox a) => IO a -> IO (Tuple dim a) #

initial :: forall a (dim0 :: Nat) (dim1 :: Nat). (Unbox a, Dimension dim0) => Tuple dim1 a -> Tuple dim0 a #

repeatM :: forall m a (dim :: Nat). (Monad m, Unbox a, Dimension dim) => m a -> m (Tuple dim a) #

unsafeFromVector :: forall a (dim :: Nat). Vector a -> Tuple dim a #

unsafeToVector :: forall (dim :: Nat) a. Tuple dim a -> Vector a #

unsafeCopyToPointer :: Pointer ptr => ByteString -> ptr a -> IO () #

withByteString :: ByteString -> (Ptr something -> IO a) -> IO a #

blake2Pad :: Primitive prim => Proxy prim -> BYTES Int -> WriteTo #

process256Last :: forall (n :: Nat). KnownNat n => Compressor256 n -> AlignedBlockPtr n Sha256 -> BYTES Int -> Sha256Mem -> IO () #

process512Last :: forall (n :: Nat). KnownNat n => Compressor512 n -> AlignedBlockPtr n Sha512 -> BYTES Int -> Sha512Mem -> IO () #