optics-core-0.4.1.1: Optics as an abstract interface: core definitions
Safe HaskellSafe-Inferred
LanguageHaskell2010

Optics.Traversal

Description

A Traversal lifts an effectful operation on elements to act on structures containing those elements.

That is, given a function op :: A -> F B where F is Applicative, a Traversal S T A B can produce a function S -> F T that applies op to all the As contained in the S.

This can be seen as a generalisation of traverse, where the type S does not need to be a type constructor with A as the last parameter.

A Lens is a Traversal that acts on a single value.

A close relative is the AffineTraversal, which is a Traversal that acts on at most one value.

Synopsis

Formation

type Traversal s t a b = Optic A_Traversal NoIx s t a b Source #

Type synonym for a type-modifying traversal.

type Traversal' s a = Optic' A_Traversal NoIx s a Source #

Type synonym for a type-preserving traversal.

Introduction

traversalVL :: TraversalVL s t a b -> Traversal s t a b Source #

Build a traversal from the van Laarhoven representation.

traversalVL . traverseOfid
traverseOf . traversalVLid

Elimination

traverseOf :: (Is k A_Traversal, Applicative f) => Optic k is s t a b -> (a -> f b) -> s -> f t Source #

Map each element of a structure targeted by a Traversal, evaluate these actions from left to right, and collect the results.

Computation

Well-formedness

Additional introduction forms

traversed :: Traversable t => Traversal (t a) (t b) a b Source #

Construct a Traversal via the Traversable class.

traverseOf traversed = traverse

both :: Bitraversable r => Traversal (r a a) (r b b) a b Source #

Traverse both parts of a Bitraversable container with matching types.

Note: for traversing a pair or an Either it's better to use each and chosen respectively to reduce potential for bugs due to too much polymorphism.

>>> (1,2) & both %~ (*10)
(10,20)
>>> over both length ("hello","world")
(5,5)
>>> foldOf both ("hello","world")
"helloworld"

Since: 0.4

Additional elimination forms

forOf :: (Is k A_Traversal, Applicative f) => Optic k is s t a b -> s -> (a -> f b) -> f t Source #

A version of traverseOf with the arguments flipped.

sequenceOf :: (Is k A_Traversal, Applicative f) => Optic k is s t (f b) b -> s -> f t Source #

Evaluate each action in the structure from left to right, and collect the results.

>>> sequenceOf each ([1,2],[3,4])
[(1,3),(1,4),(2,3),(2,4)]
sequencesequenceOf traversedtraverse id
sequenceOf o ≡ traverseOf o id

transposeOf :: Is k A_Traversal => Optic k is s t [a] a -> s -> [t] Source #

This generalizes transpose to an arbitrary Traversal.

Note: transpose handles ragged inputs more intelligently, but for non-ragged inputs:

>>> transposeOf traversed [[1,2,3],[4,5,6]]
[[1,4],[2,5],[3,6]]
transposetransposeOf traverse

mapAccumROf :: Is k A_Traversal => Optic k is s t a b -> (acc -> a -> (b, acc)) -> acc -> s -> (t, acc) Source #

This generalizes mapAccumR to an arbitrary Traversal.

mapAccumRmapAccumROf traversed

mapAccumROf accumulates State from right to left.

mapAccumLOf :: Is k A_Traversal => Optic k is s t a b -> (acc -> a -> (b, acc)) -> acc -> s -> (t, acc) Source #

This generalizes mapAccumL to an arbitrary Traversal.

mapAccumLmapAccumLOf traverse

mapAccumLOf accumulates State from left to right.

scanr1Of :: Is k A_Traversal => Optic k is s t a a -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> t Source #

This permits the use of scanr1 over an arbitrary Traversal.

scanr1scanr1Of traversed

scanl1Of :: Is k A_Traversal => Optic k is s t a a -> (a -> a -> a) -> s -> t Source #

This permits the use of scanl1 over an arbitrary Traversal.

scanl1scanl1Of traversed

rewriteMOf :: (Is k A_Traversal, Monad m) => Optic k is a b a b -> (b -> m (Maybe a)) -> a -> m b Source #

Rewrite by applying a monadic rule everywhere you recursing with a user-specified Traversal.

Ensures that the rule cannot be applied anywhere in the result.

Since: 0.4.1

transformMOf :: (Is k A_Traversal, Monad m) => Optic k is a b a b -> (b -> m b) -> a -> m b Source #

Transform every element in a tree using a user supplied Traversal in a bottom-up manner with a monadic effect.

Since: 0.4.1

failover :: Is k A_Traversal => Optic k is s t a b -> (a -> b) -> s -> Maybe t Source #

Try to map a function over this Traversal, returning Nothing if the traversal has no targets.

>>> failover (element 3) (*2) [1,2]
Nothing
>>> failover _Left (*2) (Right 4)
Nothing
>>> failover _Right (*2) (Right 4)
Just (Right 8)

failover' :: Is k A_Traversal => Optic k is s t a b -> (a -> b) -> s -> Maybe t Source #

Version of failover strict in the application of f.

Combinators

backwards :: Is k A_Traversal => Optic k is s t a b -> Traversal s t a b Source #

This allows you to traverse the elements of a traversal in the opposite order.

partsOf :: forall k is s t a. Is k A_Traversal => Optic k is s t a a -> Lens s t [a] [a] Source #

partsOf turns a Traversal into a Lens.

Note: You should really try to maintain the invariant of the number of children in the list.

>>> ('a','b','c') & partsOf each .~ ['x','y','z']
('x','y','z')

Any extras will be lost. If you do not supply enough, then the remainder will come from the original structure.

>>> ('a','b','c') & partsOf each .~ ['w','x','y','z']
('w','x','y')
>>> ('a','b','c') & partsOf each .~ ['x','y']
('x','y','c')
>>> ('b', 'a', 'd', 'c') & partsOf each %~ sort
('a','b','c','d')

So technically, this is only a Lens if you do not change the number of results it returns.

singular :: forall k is s a. Is k A_Traversal => Optic' k is s a -> AffineTraversal' s a Source #

Convert a traversal to an AffineTraversal that visits the first element of the original traversal.

For the fold version see pre.

>>> "foo" & singular traversed .~ 'z'
"zoo"

Since: 0.3

Monoid structure

Traversal admits a (partial) monoid structure where adjoin combines non-overlapping traversals, and the identity element is ignored (which traverses no elements).

If you merely need a Fold, you can use traversals as folds and combine them with one of the monoid structures on folds (see Optics.Fold). In particular, summing can be used to concatenate results from two traversals, and failing will returns results from the second traversal only if the first returns no results.

There is no Semigroup or Monoid instance for Traversal, because there is not a unique choice of monoid to use that works for all optics, and the (<>) operator could not be used to combine optics of different kinds.

adjoin :: (Is k A_Traversal, Is l A_Traversal) => Optic' k is s a -> Optic' l js s a -> Traversal' s a infixr 6 Source #

Combine two disjoint traversals into one.

>>> over (_1 % _Just `adjoin` _2 % _Right) not (Just True, Right False)
(Just False,Right True)

Note: if the argument traversals are not disjoint, the result will not respect the Traversal laws, because it will visit the same element multiple times. See section 7 of Understanding Idiomatic Traversals Backwards and Forwards by Bird et al. for why this is illegal.

>>> view (partsOf (each `adjoin` _1)) ('x','y')
"xyx"
>>> set (partsOf (each `adjoin` _1)) "abc" ('x','y')
('c','b')

For the Fold version see summing.

Since: 0.4

Subtyping

data A_Traversal :: OpticKind Source #

Tag for a traversal.

Instances

Instances details
Is A_Lens A_Traversal Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

implies :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. (Constraints A_Lens p => r) -> Constraints A_Traversal p => r Source #

Is A_Prism A_Traversal Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

implies :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. (Constraints A_Prism p => r) -> Constraints A_Traversal p => r Source #

Is A_Traversal A_Fold Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

implies :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. (Constraints A_Traversal p => r) -> Constraints A_Fold p => r Source #

Is A_Traversal A_Setter Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

implies :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. (Constraints A_Traversal p => r) -> Constraints A_Setter p => r Source #

Is An_AffineTraversal A_Traversal Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

implies :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. (Constraints An_AffineTraversal p => r) -> Constraints A_Traversal p => r Source #

Is An_Iso A_Traversal Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

implies :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. (Constraints An_Iso p => r) -> Constraints A_Traversal p => r Source #

k ~ A_Fold => JoinKinds A_Fold A_Traversal k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Fold p, Constraints A_Traversal p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Fold => JoinKinds A_Getter A_Traversal k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Getter p, Constraints A_Traversal p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Traversal => JoinKinds A_Lens A_Traversal k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Lens p, Constraints A_Traversal p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Traversal => JoinKinds A_Prism A_Traversal k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Prism p, Constraints A_Traversal p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Fold => JoinKinds A_ReversedPrism A_Traversal k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_ReversedPrism p, Constraints A_Traversal p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Setter => JoinKinds A_Setter A_Traversal k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Setter p, Constraints A_Traversal p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Fold => JoinKinds A_Traversal A_Fold k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Traversal p, Constraints A_Fold p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Fold => JoinKinds A_Traversal A_Getter k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Traversal p, Constraints A_Getter p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Traversal => JoinKinds A_Traversal A_Lens k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Traversal p, Constraints A_Lens p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Traversal => JoinKinds A_Traversal A_Prism k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Traversal p, Constraints A_Prism p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Fold => JoinKinds A_Traversal A_ReversedPrism k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Traversal p, Constraints A_ReversedPrism p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Setter => JoinKinds A_Traversal A_Setter k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Traversal p, Constraints A_Setter p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Traversal => JoinKinds A_Traversal A_Traversal k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Traversal p, Constraints A_Traversal p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Fold => JoinKinds A_Traversal An_AffineFold k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Traversal p, Constraints An_AffineFold p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Traversal => JoinKinds A_Traversal An_AffineTraversal k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Traversal p, Constraints An_AffineTraversal p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Traversal => JoinKinds A_Traversal An_Iso k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints A_Traversal p, Constraints An_Iso p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Fold => JoinKinds An_AffineFold A_Traversal k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints An_AffineFold p, Constraints A_Traversal p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Traversal => JoinKinds An_AffineTraversal A_Traversal k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints An_AffineTraversal p, Constraints A_Traversal p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

k ~ A_Traversal => JoinKinds An_Iso A_Traversal k Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Internal.Optic.Subtyping

Methods

joinKinds :: forall (p :: Type -> Type -> Type -> Type) r. ((Constraints An_Iso p, Constraints A_Traversal p) => r) -> Constraints k p => r Source #

IxOptic A_Traversal s t a b Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.Indexed.Core

Methods

noIx :: forall (is :: IxList). NonEmptyIndices is => Optic A_Traversal is s t a b -> Optic A_Traversal NoIx s t a b Source #

ToReadOnly A_Traversal s t a b Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.ReadOnly

Associated Types

type ReadOnlyOptic A_Traversal Source #

Methods

getting :: forall (is :: IxList). Optic A_Traversal is s t a b -> Optic' (ReadOnlyOptic A_Traversal) is s a Source #

type ReadOnlyOptic A_Traversal Source # 
Instance details

Defined in Optics.ReadOnly

van Laarhoven encoding

The van Laarhoven representation of a Traversal directly expresses how it lifts an effectful operation A -> F B on elements to act on structures S -> F T. Thus traverseOf converts a Traversal to a TraversalVL.

type TraversalVL s t a b = forall f. Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> s -> f t Source #

Type synonym for a type-modifying van Laarhoven traversal.

type TraversalVL' s a = TraversalVL s s a a Source #

Type synonym for a type-preserving van Laarhoven traversal.