Represents a heirarchy of namespaces going from general to specific. For instance: ["processname", "subsystem"]. Note that single-segment namespaces can be created using IsString/OverloadedStrings, so "foo" will result in Namespace ["foo"].

Ready namespace for emission with dots to join the segments.

Application environment, like prod, devel, testing.

Verbosity controls the amount of information (columns) a Scribe emits during logging.

The convention is: - V0 implies no additional payload information is included in message. - V3 implies the maximum amount of payload information. - Anything in between is left to the discretion of the developer.

Log message with Builder unerneath; use <> to concat in O(1).

Pack any string-like thing into a LogStr. This will automatically work on String, 'ByteString, Text and any of the lazy variants.

Shorthand for logStr

Convert any showable type into a LogStr.

This has everything each log message will contain.

Field selector by verbosity within JSON payload.

Katip requires JSON objects to be logged as context. This typeclass provides a default instance which uses ToJSON and produces an empty object if toJSON results in any type other than object. If you have a type you want to log that produces an Array or Number for example, you'll want to write an explicit instance here. You can trivially add a ToObject instance for something with a ToJSON instance like:

instance ToObject Foo

Payload objects need instances of this class. LogItem makes it so that you can have very verbose items getting logged with lots of extra fields but under normal circumstances, if your scribe is configured for a lower verbosity level, it will only log a selection of those keys. Furthermore, each Scribe can be configured with a different Verbosity level. You could even use registerScribe, unregisterScribe, and clearScribes to at runtime swap out your existing scribes for more verbose debugging scribes if you wanted to.

When defining payloadKeys, don't redundantly declare the same keys for higher levels of verbosity. Each level of verbosity automatically and recursively contains all keys from the level before it.

Construct a simple log from any JSON item.

Constrain payload based on verbosity. Backends should use this to automatically bubble higher verbosity levels to lower ones.

Convert log item to its JSON representation while trimming its payload based on the desired verbosity. Backends that push JSON messages should use this to obtain their payload.

Scribes are handlers of incoming items. Each registered scribe knows how to push a log item somewhere.

Guidelines for writing your own Scribe

Scribes should always take a Severity and Verbosity.

Severity is used to *exclude log messages* that are < the provided Severity. For instance, if the user passes InfoS, DebugS items should be ignored. Katip provides the permitItem utility for this.

Verbosity is used to select keys from the log item's payload. Each LogItem instance describes what keys should be retained for each Verbosity level. Use the payloadObject utility for extracting the keys that should be permitted.

There is no built-in mechanism in katip for telling a scribe that its time to shut down. unregisterScribe merely drops it from the LogEnv. This means there are 2 ways to handle resources as a scribe:

1. Pass in the resource when the scribe is created. Handle allocation and release of the resource elsewhere. This is what the Handle scribe does.
2. Return a finalizing function that tells the scribe to shut down. katip-elasticsearch's mkEsScribe returns a IO (Scribe, IO ()). The finalizer will flush any queued log messages and shut down gracefully before returning. This can be hooked into your application's shutdown routine to ensure you never miss any log messages on shutdown.

Should this item be logged given the user's maximum severity?

Create a reasonable default InitLogEnv. Uses an AutoUdate with the default settings as the timer. If you are concerned about timestamp precision or event ordering in log outputs like ElasticSearch, you should replace the timer with getCurrentTime

Add a scribe to the list. All future log calls will go to this scribe in addition to the others.

Remove a scribe from the list. All future log calls will no longer use this scribe. If the given scribe doesn't exist, its a no-op.

Unregister *all* scribes. Logs will go off into space from this point onward until new scribes are added. Note that you could use this with local if you're using a Reader based stack to temporarily disable log output. See katipNoLogging for an example.

Monads where katip logging actions can be performed. Katip is the most basic logging monad. You will typically use this directly if you either don't want to use namespaces/contexts heavily or if you want to pass in specific contexts and/or namespaces at each log site.

For something more powerful, look at the docs for KatipContext, which keeps a namespace and merged context. You can write simple functions that add additional namespacing and merges additional context on the fly.

A concrete monad you can use to run logging actions.

Execute KatipT on a log env.

Log with everything, including a source code location. This is very low level and you typically can use logT in its place.

Log with full context, but without any code location.

Perform an action while logging any exceptions that may occur. Inspired by onException.

>>> > logException () mempty ErrorS (error "foo")

Log a message without any payload/context or code location.

Lift a location into an Exp.

For use when you want to include location in your logs. This will fill the 'Maybe Loc' gap in logF of this module, and relies on implicit callstacks when available (GHC > 7.8).

Loc-tagged logging when using template-haskell.

$(logT) obj mempty InfoS "Hello world"

Loc-tagged logging using implicit-callstacks when available.

This function does not require template-haskell as it automatically uses implicit-callstacks when the code is compiled using GHC > 7.8. Using an older version of the compiler will result in the emission of a log line without any location information, so be aware of it. Users using GHC <= 7.8 may want to use the template-haskell function logT for maximum compatibility.

logLoc obj mempty InfoS "Hello world"