Statically checked integer conversion which satisfies the property

• toInteger ≡ toInteger . intCast

Note: This is just a type-restricted alias of fromIntegral and should therefore lead to the same compiled code as if fromIntegral had been used instead of intCast.

Statically checked integer conversion which satisfies the properties

• ∀β . intCastIso (intCastIso a ∷ β) == a

• toInteger (intCastIso a) == toInteger b     (if toInteger a == toInteger b)

Note: This is just a type-restricted alias of fromIntegral and should therefore lead to the same compiled code as if fromIntegral had been used instead of intCast.

Version of intCast restricted to casts between types with same value domain.

Run-time-checked integer conversion

This is an optimized version of the following generic code below

 intCastMaybeRef :: (Integral a, Integral b) => a -> Maybe b
 intCastMaybeRef x
   | toInteger x == toInteger y = Just y
   | otherwise                  = Nothing
   where
     y = fromIntegral x

The code above is rather inefficient as it needs to go via the Integer type. The function intCastMaybe, however, is marked INLINEABLE and if both integral types are statically known, GHC will be able optimize the code signficantly (for -O1 and better).

For instance (as of GHC 7.8.1) the following definitions

 w16_to_i32 = intCastMaybe :: Word16 -> Maybe Int32

 i16_to_w16 = intCastMaybe :: Int16 -> Maybe Word16

are translated into the following (simplified) GHC Core language

 w16_to_i32 = \x -> Just (case x of _ { W16# x# -> I32# (word2Int# x#) })

 i16_to_w16 = \x -> case eta of _
   { I16# b1 -> case tagToEnum# (<=# 0 b1) of _
       { False -> Nothing
       ; True -> Just (W16# (narrow16Word# (int2Word# b1)))
       }
   }

The (open) type family IntBaseType encodes type-level information about the value range of an integral type.

This module also provides type family instances for the standard Haskell 2010 integral types (including Foreign.C.Types).

Here's a simple example for registering a custom type with the Data.IntCast facilities:

 -- user-implemented unsigned 4-bit integer
 data Nibble = …

 -- declare meta-information
 type instance IntBaseType MyWord7 = FixedIntTag 4

 -- user-implemented signed 7-bit integer
 data MyInt7 = …

 -- declare meta-information
 type instance IntBaseType MyWord7 = FixedIntTag 7
 

The type-level predicate IsIntSubType provides a partial ordering based on the types above. See also intCast.

(Kind) Meta-information about integral types.

If also a Bits instance is defined, the type-level information provided by IntBaseType ought to match the meta-information that is conveyed by the Bits class' isSigned and bitSizeMaybe methods.