{-# LANGUAGE DataKinds #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
{-# LANGUAGE StandaloneDeriving #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}

module GHC.Types.Tickish (
  GenTickish(..),
  CoreTickish, StgTickish, CmmTickish,
  XTickishId,
  tickishCounts,
  TickishScoping(..),
  tickishScoped,
  tickishScopesLike,
  tickishFloatable,
  tickishCanSplit,
  mkNoCount,
  mkNoScope,
  tickishIsCode,
  isProfTick,
  TickishPlacement(..),
  tickishPlace,
  tickishContains
) where

import GHC.Prelude

import GHC.Core.Type

import GHC.Unit.Module

import GHC.Types.CostCentre
import GHC.Types.SrcLoc ( RealSrcSpan, containsSpan )
import GHC.Types.Var

import GHC.Utils.Panic

import Language.Haskell.Syntax.Extension ( NoExtField )

import Data.Data
import GHC.Utils.Outputable (Outputable (ppr), text)

{- *********************************************************************
*                                                                      *
              Ticks
*                                                                      *
************************************************************************
-}

-- | Allows attaching extra information to points in expressions

{- | Used as a data type index for the GenTickish annotations.
     See Note [Tickish passes]
 -}
data TickishPass
  = TickishPassCore
  | TickishPassStg
  | TickishPassCmm

{-
   Note [Tickish passes]
   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
   Tickish annotations store different information depending on
   where they are used. Here's a summary of the differences
   between the passes.

   - CoreTickish: Haskell and Core
         The tickish annotations store the free variables of
         breakpoints.

   - StgTickish: Stg
         The GHCi bytecode generator (GHC.StgToByteCode) needs
         to know the type of each breakpoint in addition to its
         free variables. Since we cannot compute the type from
         an STG expression, the tickish annotations store the
         type of breakpoints in addition to the free variables.

   - CmmTickish: Cmm
         Breakpoints are unsupported and no free variables or
         type are stored.
 -}

type family XBreakpoint (pass :: TickishPass)
type instance XBreakpoint 'TickishPassCore = NoExtField
-- | Keep track of the type of breakpoints in STG, for GHCi
type instance XBreakpoint 'TickishPassStg  = Type
type instance XBreakpoint 'TickishPassCmm  = NoExtField

type family XTickishId (pass :: TickishPass)
type instance XTickishId 'TickishPassCore = Id
type instance XTickishId 'TickishPassStg = Id
type instance XTickishId 'TickishPassCmm = NoExtField

type CoreTickish = GenTickish 'TickishPassCore
type StgTickish = GenTickish 'TickishPassStg
-- | Tickish in Cmm context (annotations only)
type CmmTickish = GenTickish 'TickishPassCmm

-- If you edit this type, you may need to update the GHC formalism
-- See Note [GHC Formalism] in GHC.Core.Lint
data GenTickish pass =
    -- | An @{-# SCC #-}@ profiling annotation, either automatically
    -- added by the desugarer as a result of -auto-all, or added by
    -- the user.
    ProfNote {
      forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> CostCentre
profNoteCC    :: CostCentre, -- ^ the cost centre
      forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
profNoteCount :: !Bool,      -- ^ bump the entry count?
      forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
profNoteScope :: !Bool       -- ^ scopes over the enclosed expression
                                   -- (i.e. not just a tick)
    }

  -- | A "tick" used by HPC to track the execution of each
  -- subexpression in the original source code.
  | HpcTick {
      forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Module
tickModule :: Module,
      forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Int
tickId     :: !Int
    }

  -- | A breakpoint for the GHCi debugger.  This behaves like an HPC
  -- tick, but has a list of free variables which will be available
  -- for inspection in GHCi when the program stops at the breakpoint.
  --
  -- NB. we must take account of these Ids when (a) counting free variables,
  -- and (b) substituting (don't substitute for them)
  | Breakpoint
    { forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> XBreakpoint pass
breakpointExt    :: XBreakpoint pass
    , forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Int
breakpointId     :: !Int
    , forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> [XTickishId pass]
breakpointFVs    :: [XTickishId pass]
                                -- ^ the order of this list is important:
                                -- it matches the order of the lists in the
                                -- appropriate entry in 'GHC.ByteCode.Types.ModBreaks'.
                                --
                                -- Careful about substitution!  See
                                -- Note [substTickish] in "GHC.Core.Subst".
    }

  -- | A source note.
  --
  -- Source notes are pure annotations: Their presence should neither
  -- influence compilation nor execution. The semantics are given by
  -- causality: The presence of a source note means that a local
  -- change in the referenced source code span will possibly provoke
  -- the generated code to change. On the flip-side, the functionality
  -- of annotated code *must* be invariant against changes to all
  -- source code *except* the spans referenced in the source notes
  -- (see "Causality of optimized Haskell" paper for details).
  --
  -- Therefore extending the scope of any given source note is always
  -- valid. Note that it is still undesirable though, as this reduces
  -- their usefulness for debugging and profiling. Therefore we will
  -- generally try only to make use of this property where it is
  -- necessary to enable optimizations.
  | SourceNote
    { forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> RealSrcSpan
sourceSpan :: RealSrcSpan -- ^ Source covered
    , forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> String
sourceName :: String      -- ^ Name for source location
                                --   (uses same names as CCs)
    }

deriving instance Eq (GenTickish 'TickishPassCore)
deriving instance Ord (GenTickish 'TickishPassCore)
deriving instance Data (GenTickish 'TickishPassCore)

deriving instance Data (GenTickish 'TickishPassStg)

deriving instance Eq (GenTickish 'TickishPassCmm)
deriving instance Ord (GenTickish 'TickishPassCmm)
deriving instance Data (GenTickish 'TickishPassCmm)


-- | A "counting tick" (where tickishCounts is True) is one that
-- counts evaluations in some way.  We cannot discard a counting tick,
-- and the compiler should preserve the number of counting ticks as
-- far as possible.
--
-- However, we still allow the simplifier to increase or decrease
-- sharing, so in practice the actual number of ticks may vary, except
-- that we never change the value from zero to non-zero or vice versa.
tickishCounts :: GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishCounts :: forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishCounts n :: GenTickish pass
n@ProfNote{} = GenTickish pass -> Bool
forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
profNoteCount GenTickish pass
n
tickishCounts HpcTick{}    = Bool
True
tickishCounts Breakpoint{} = Bool
True
tickishCounts GenTickish pass
_            = Bool
False


-- | Specifies the scoping behaviour of ticks. This governs the
-- behaviour of ticks that care about the covered code and the cost
-- associated with it. Important for ticks relating to profiling.
data TickishScoping =
    -- | No scoping: The tick does not care about what code it
    -- covers. Transformations can freely move code inside as well as
    -- outside without any additional annotation obligations
    NoScope

    -- | Soft scoping: We want all code that is covered to stay
    -- covered.  Note that this scope type does not forbid
    -- transformations from happening, as long as all results of
    -- the transformations are still covered by this tick or a copy of
    -- it. For example
    --
    --   let x = tick<...> (let y = foo in bar) in baz
    --     ===>
    --   let x = tick<...> bar; y = tick<...> foo in baz
    --
    -- Is a valid transformation as far as "bar" and "foo" is
    -- concerned, because both still are scoped over by the tick.
    --
    -- Note though that one might object to the "let" not being
    -- covered by the tick any more. However, we are generally lax
    -- with this - constant costs don't matter too much, and given
    -- that the "let" was effectively merged we can view it as having
    -- lost its identity anyway.
    --
    -- Also note that this scoping behaviour allows floating a tick
    -- "upwards" in pretty much any situation. For example:
    --
    --   case foo of x -> tick<...> bar
    --     ==>
    --   tick<...> case foo of x -> bar
    --
    -- While this is always legal, we want to make a best effort to
    -- only make us of this where it exposes transformation
    -- opportunities.
  | SoftScope

    -- | Cost centre scoping: We don't want any costs to move to other
    -- cost-centre stacks. This means we not only want no code or cost
    -- to get moved out of their cost centres, but we also object to
    -- code getting associated with new cost-centre ticks - or
    -- changing the order in which they get applied.
    --
    -- A rule of thumb is that we don't want any code to gain new
    -- annotations. However, there are notable exceptions, for
    -- example:
    --
    --   let f = \y -> foo in tick<...> ... (f x) ...
    --     ==>
    --   tick<...> ... foo[x/y] ...
    --
    -- In-lining lambdas like this is always legal, because inlining a
    -- function does not change the cost-centre stack when the
    -- function is called.
  | CostCentreScope

  deriving (TickishScoping -> TickishScoping -> Bool
(TickishScoping -> TickishScoping -> Bool)
-> (TickishScoping -> TickishScoping -> Bool) -> Eq TickishScoping
forall a. (a -> a -> Bool) -> (a -> a -> Bool) -> Eq a
$c== :: TickishScoping -> TickishScoping -> Bool
== :: TickishScoping -> TickishScoping -> Bool
$c/= :: TickishScoping -> TickishScoping -> Bool
/= :: TickishScoping -> TickishScoping -> Bool
Eq)

-- | Returns the intended scoping rule for a Tickish
tickishScoped :: GenTickish pass -> TickishScoping
tickishScoped :: forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> TickishScoping
tickishScoped n :: GenTickish pass
n@ProfNote{}
  | GenTickish pass -> Bool
forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
profNoteScope GenTickish pass
n        = TickishScoping
CostCentreScope
  | Bool
otherwise              = TickishScoping
NoScope
tickishScoped HpcTick{}    = TickishScoping
NoScope
tickishScoped Breakpoint{} = TickishScoping
CostCentreScope
   -- Breakpoints are scoped: eventually we're going to do call
   -- stacks, but also this helps prevent the simplifier from moving
   -- breakpoints around and changing their result type (see #1531).
tickishScoped SourceNote{} = TickishScoping
SoftScope

-- | Returns whether the tick scoping rule is at least as permissive
-- as the given scoping rule.
tickishScopesLike :: GenTickish pass -> TickishScoping -> Bool
tickishScopesLike :: forall (pass :: TickishPass).
GenTickish pass -> TickishScoping -> Bool
tickishScopesLike GenTickish pass
t TickishScoping
scope = GenTickish pass -> TickishScoping
forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> TickishScoping
tickishScoped GenTickish pass
t TickishScoping -> TickishScoping -> Bool
`like` TickishScoping
scope
  where TickishScoping
NoScope         like :: TickishScoping -> TickishScoping -> Bool
`like` TickishScoping
_               = Bool
True
        TickishScoping
_               `like` TickishScoping
NoScope         = Bool
False
        TickishScoping
SoftScope       `like` TickishScoping
_               = Bool
True
        TickishScoping
_               `like` TickishScoping
SoftScope       = Bool
False
        TickishScoping
CostCentreScope `like` TickishScoping
_               = Bool
True

-- | Returns @True@ for ticks that can be floated upwards easily even
-- where it might change execution counts, such as:
--
--   Just (tick<...> foo)
--     ==>
--   tick<...> (Just foo)
--
-- This is a combination of @tickishSoftScope@ and
-- @tickishCounts@. Note that in principle splittable ticks can become
-- floatable using @mkNoTick@ -- even though there's currently no
-- tickish for which that is the case.
tickishFloatable :: GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishFloatable :: forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishFloatable GenTickish pass
t = GenTickish pass
t GenTickish pass -> TickishScoping -> Bool
forall (pass :: TickishPass).
GenTickish pass -> TickishScoping -> Bool
`tickishScopesLike` TickishScoping
SoftScope Bool -> Bool -> Bool
&& Bool -> Bool
not (GenTickish pass -> Bool
forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishCounts GenTickish pass
t)

-- | Returns @True@ for a tick that is both counting /and/ scoping and
-- can be split into its (tick, scope) parts using 'mkNoScope' and
-- 'mkNoTick' respectively.
tickishCanSplit :: GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishCanSplit :: forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishCanSplit ProfNote{profNoteScope :: forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
profNoteScope = Bool
True, profNoteCount :: forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
profNoteCount = Bool
True}
                   = Bool
True
tickishCanSplit GenTickish pass
_  = Bool
False

mkNoCount :: GenTickish pass -> GenTickish pass
mkNoCount :: forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> GenTickish pass
mkNoCount GenTickish pass
n | Bool -> Bool
not (GenTickish pass -> Bool
forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishCounts GenTickish pass
n)   = GenTickish pass
n
            | Bool -> Bool
not (GenTickish pass -> Bool
forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishCanSplit GenTickish pass
n) = String -> GenTickish pass
forall a. HasCallStack => String -> a
panic String
"mkNoCount: Cannot split!"
mkNoCount n :: GenTickish pass
n@ProfNote{}                = GenTickish pass
n {profNoteCount = False}
mkNoCount GenTickish pass
_                           = String -> GenTickish pass
forall a. HasCallStack => String -> a
panic String
"mkNoCount: Undefined split!"

mkNoScope :: GenTickish pass -> GenTickish pass
mkNoScope :: forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> GenTickish pass
mkNoScope GenTickish pass
n | GenTickish pass -> TickishScoping
forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> TickishScoping
tickishScoped GenTickish pass
n TickishScoping -> TickishScoping -> Bool
forall a. Eq a => a -> a -> Bool
== TickishScoping
NoScope  = GenTickish pass
n
            | Bool -> Bool
not (GenTickish pass -> Bool
forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishCanSplit GenTickish pass
n)     = String -> GenTickish pass
forall a. HasCallStack => String -> a
panic String
"mkNoScope: Cannot split!"
mkNoScope n :: GenTickish pass
n@ProfNote{}                    = GenTickish pass
n {profNoteScope = False}
mkNoScope GenTickish pass
_                               = String -> GenTickish pass
forall a. HasCallStack => String -> a
panic String
"mkNoScope: Undefined split!"

-- | Return @True@ if this source annotation compiles to some backend
-- code. Without this flag, the tickish is seen as a simple annotation
-- that does not have any associated evaluation code.
--
-- What this means that we are allowed to disregard the tick if doing
-- so means that we can skip generating any code in the first place. A
-- typical example is top-level bindings:
--
--   foo = tick<...> \y -> ...
--     ==>
--   foo = \y -> tick<...> ...
--
-- Here there is just no operational difference between the first and
-- the second version. Therefore code generation should simply
-- translate the code as if it found the latter.
tickishIsCode :: GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishIsCode :: forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishIsCode SourceNote{} = Bool
False
tickishIsCode GenTickish pass
_tickish     = Bool
True  -- all the rest for now

isProfTick :: GenTickish pass -> Bool
isProfTick :: forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
isProfTick ProfNote{} = Bool
True
isProfTick GenTickish pass
_          = Bool
False

-- | Governs the kind of expression that the tick gets placed on when
-- annotating for example using @mkTick@. If we find that we want to
-- put a tickish on an expression ruled out here, we try to float it
-- inwards until we find a suitable expression.
data TickishPlacement =

    -- | Place ticks exactly on run-time expressions. We can still
    -- move the tick through pure compile-time constructs such as
    -- other ticks, casts or type lambdas. This is the most
    -- restrictive placement rule for ticks, as all tickishs have in
    -- common that they want to track runtime processes. The only
    -- legal placement rule for counting ticks.
    -- NB: We generally try to move these as close to the relevant
    -- runtime expression as possible. This means they get pushed through
    -- tyoe arguments. E.g. we create `(tick f) @Bool` instead of `tick (f @Bool)`.
    PlaceRuntime

    -- | As @PlaceRuntime@, but we float the tick through all
    -- lambdas. This makes sense where there is little difference
    -- between annotating the lambda and annotating the lambda's code.
  | PlaceNonLam

    -- | In addition to floating through lambdas, cost-centre style
    -- tickishs can also be moved from constructors, non-function
    -- variables and literals. For example:
    --
    --   let x = scc<...> C (scc<...> y) (scc<...> 3) in ...
    --
    -- Neither the constructor application, the variable or the
    -- literal are likely to have any cost worth mentioning. And even
    -- if y names a thunk, the call would not care about the
    -- evaluation context. Therefore removing all annotations in the
    -- above example is safe.
  | PlaceCostCentre

  deriving (TickishPlacement -> TickishPlacement -> Bool
(TickishPlacement -> TickishPlacement -> Bool)
-> (TickishPlacement -> TickishPlacement -> Bool)
-> Eq TickishPlacement
forall a. (a -> a -> Bool) -> (a -> a -> Bool) -> Eq a
$c== :: TickishPlacement -> TickishPlacement -> Bool
== :: TickishPlacement -> TickishPlacement -> Bool
$c/= :: TickishPlacement -> TickishPlacement -> Bool
/= :: TickishPlacement -> TickishPlacement -> Bool
Eq,Int -> TickishPlacement -> ShowS
[TickishPlacement] -> ShowS
TickishPlacement -> String
(Int -> TickishPlacement -> ShowS)
-> (TickishPlacement -> String)
-> ([TickishPlacement] -> ShowS)
-> Show TickishPlacement
forall a.
(Int -> a -> ShowS) -> (a -> String) -> ([a] -> ShowS) -> Show a
$cshowsPrec :: Int -> TickishPlacement -> ShowS
showsPrec :: Int -> TickishPlacement -> ShowS
$cshow :: TickishPlacement -> String
show :: TickishPlacement -> String
$cshowList :: [TickishPlacement] -> ShowS
showList :: [TickishPlacement] -> ShowS
Show)

instance Outputable TickishPlacement where
  ppr :: TickishPlacement -> SDoc
ppr = String -> SDoc
forall doc. IsLine doc => String -> doc
text (String -> SDoc)
-> (TickishPlacement -> String) -> TickishPlacement -> SDoc
forall b c a. (b -> c) -> (a -> b) -> a -> c
. TickishPlacement -> String
forall a. Show a => a -> String
show

-- | Placement behaviour we want for the ticks
tickishPlace :: GenTickish pass -> TickishPlacement
tickishPlace :: forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> TickishPlacement
tickishPlace n :: GenTickish pass
n@ProfNote{}
  | GenTickish pass -> Bool
forall (pass :: TickishPass). GenTickish pass -> Bool
profNoteCount GenTickish pass
n        = TickishPlacement
PlaceRuntime
  | Bool
otherwise              = TickishPlacement
PlaceCostCentre
tickishPlace HpcTick{}     = TickishPlacement
PlaceRuntime
tickishPlace Breakpoint{}  = TickishPlacement
PlaceRuntime
tickishPlace SourceNote{}  = TickishPlacement
PlaceNonLam

-- | Returns whether one tick "contains" the other one, therefore
-- making the second tick redundant.
tickishContains :: Eq (GenTickish pass)
                => GenTickish pass -> GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishContains :: forall (pass :: TickishPass).
Eq (GenTickish pass) =>
GenTickish pass -> GenTickish pass -> Bool
tickishContains (SourceNote RealSrcSpan
sp1 String
n1) (SourceNote RealSrcSpan
sp2 String
n2)
  = RealSrcSpan -> RealSrcSpan -> Bool
containsSpan RealSrcSpan
sp1 RealSrcSpan
sp2 Bool -> Bool -> Bool
&& String
n1 String -> String -> Bool
forall a. Eq a => a -> a -> Bool
== String
n2
    -- compare the String last
tickishContains GenTickish pass
t1 GenTickish pass
t2
  = GenTickish pass
t1 GenTickish pass -> GenTickish pass -> Bool
forall a. Eq a => a -> a -> Bool
== GenTickish pass
t2