Safe Haskell | Safe-Inferred |
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- module Data.List
- lower :: String -> String
- upper :: String -> String
- trim :: String -> String
- trimStart :: String -> String
- trimEnd :: String -> String
- word1 :: String -> (String, String)
- dropEnd :: Int -> [a] -> [a]
- takeEnd :: Int -> [a] -> [a]
- breakEnd :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- spanEnd :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- dropWhileEnd :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
- dropWhileEnd' :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
- takeWhileEnd :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
- stripSuffix :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> Maybe [a]
- wordsBy :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [[a]]
- linesBy :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [[a]]
- breakOn :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- breakOnEnd :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> ([a], [a])
- splitOn :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> [[a]]
- split :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [[a]]
- chunksOf :: Int -> [a] -> [[a]]
- list :: b -> (a -> [a] -> b) -> [a] -> b
- uncons :: [a] -> Maybe (a, [a])
- unsnoc :: [a] -> Maybe ([a], a)
- cons :: a -> [a] -> [a]
- snoc :: [a] -> a -> [a]
- drop1 :: [a] -> [a]
- groupSort :: Ord k => [(k, v)] -> [(k, [v])]
- nubOn :: Eq b => (a -> b) -> [a] -> [a]
- groupOn :: Eq b => (a -> b) -> [a] -> [[a]]
- sortOn :: Ord b => (a -> b) -> [a] -> [a]
- disjoint :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> Bool
- allSame :: Eq a => [a] -> Bool
- anySame :: Eq a => [a] -> Bool
- repeatedly :: ([a] -> (b, [a])) -> [a] -> [b]
- for :: [a] -> (a -> b) -> [b]
- firstJust :: (a -> Maybe b) -> [a] -> Maybe b
- concatUnzip :: [([a], [b])] -> ([a], [b])
- concatUnzip3 :: [([a], [b], [c])] -> ([a], [b], [c])
- replace :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> [a] -> [a]
- merge :: Ord a => [a] -> [a] -> [a]
- mergeBy :: (a -> a -> Ordering) -> [a] -> [a] -> [a]
Documentation
module Data.List
String operations
lower :: String -> StringSource
Convert a string to lower case.
lower "This is A TEST" == "this is a test" lower "" == ""
upper :: String -> StringSource
Convert a string to upper case.
upper "This is A TEST" == "THIS IS A TEST" upper "" == ""
word1 :: String -> (String, String)Source
Split the first word off a string. Useful for when starting to parse the beginning of a string, but you want to accurately perserve whitespace in the rest of the string.
word1 "" == ("", "") word1 "keyword rest of string" == ("keyword","rest of string") word1 " keyword\n rest of string" == ("keyword","rest of string") \s -> fst (word1 s) == concat (take 1 $ words s) \s -> words (snd $ word1 s) == drop 1 (words s)
Splitting
dropEnd :: Int -> [a] -> [a]Source
Drop a number of elements from the end of the list.
dropEnd 3 "hello" == "he" dropEnd 5 "bye" == "" dropEnd (-1) "bye" == "bye" \i xs -> dropEnd i xs `isPrefixOf` xs \i xs -> length (dropEnd i xs) == max 0 (length xs - max 0 i) \i -> take 3 (dropEnd 5 [i..]) == take 3 [i..]
takeEnd :: Int -> [a] -> [a]Source
Take a number of elements from the end of the list.
takeEnd 3 "hello" == "llo" takeEnd 5 "bye" == "bye" takeEnd (-1) "bye" == "" \i xs -> takeEnd i xs `isSuffixOf` xs \i xs -> length (takeEnd i xs) == min (max 0 i) (length xs)
breakEnd :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])Source
Break, but from the end.
breakEnd isLower "youRE" == ("you","RE") breakEnd isLower "youre" == ("youre","") breakEnd isLower "YOURE" == ("","YOURE")
spanEnd :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> ([a], [a])Source
Span, but from the end.
spanEnd isUpper "youRE" == ("you","RE") spanEnd (not . isSpace) "x y z" == ("x y ","z") \f xs-> spanEnd f xs == swap (both reverse (span f (reverse xs)))
dropWhileEnd :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]
The dropWhileEnd
function drops the largest suffix of a list
in which the given predicate holds for all elements. For example:
dropWhileEnd isSpace "foo\n" == "foo" dropWhileEnd isSpace "foo bar" == "foo bar" dropWhileEnd isSpace ("foo\n" ++ undefined) == "foo" ++ undefined
dropWhileEnd' :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]Source
A version of dropWhileEnd
but with different strictness properties.
The function dropWhileEnd
can be used on an infinite list and tests the property
on each character. In contrast, dropWhileEnd'
is strict in the spine of the list
but only tests the trailing suffix.
This version usually outperforms dropWhileEnd
if the list is short or the test is expensive.
Note the tests below cover both the prime and non-prime variants.
dropWhileEnd isSpace "ab cde " == "ab cde" dropWhileEnd' isSpace "ab cde " == "ab cde" last (dropWhileEnd even [undefined,3]) == undefined last (dropWhileEnd' even [undefined,3]) == 3 head (dropWhileEnd even (3:undefined)) == 3 head (dropWhileEnd' even (3:undefined)) == undefined
takeWhileEnd :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [a]Source
A version of takeWhile
operating from the end.
takeWhileEnd even [2,3,4,6] == [4,6]
stripSuffix :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> Maybe [a]Source
Return the prefix of the second string if its suffix matches the entire first string.
Examples:
stripSuffix "bar" "foobar" == Just "foo" stripSuffix "" "baz" == Just "baz" stripSuffix "foo" "quux" == Nothing
wordsBy :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [[a]]Source
A variant of words
with a custom test. In particular,
adjacent separators are discarded, as are leading or trailing separators.
wordsBy (== ':') "::xyz:abc::123::" == ["xyz","abc","123"] \s -> wordsBy isSpace s == words s
linesBy :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [[a]]Source
A variant of lines
with a custom test. In particular,
if there is a trailing separator it will be discarded.
linesBy (== ':') "::xyz:abc::123::" == ["","","xyz","abc","","123",""] \s -> linesBy (== '\n') s == lines s linesBy (== ';') "my;list;here;" == ["my","list","here"]
breakOn :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> ([a], [a])Source
Find the first instance of needle
in haystack
.
The first element of the returned tuple
is the prefix of haystack
before needle
is matched. The second
is the remainder of haystack
, starting with the match.
breakOn "::" "a::b::c" == ("a", "::b::c") breakOn "/" "foobar" == ("foobar", "") \needle haystack -> let (prefix,match) = breakOn needle haystack in prefix ++ match == haystack
breakOnEnd :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> ([a], [a])Source
Similar to breakOn
, but searches from the end of the
string.
The first element of the returned tuple is the prefix of haystack
up to and including the last match of needle
. The second is the
remainder of haystack
, following the match.
breakOnEnd "::" "a::b::c" == ("a::b::", "c")
splitOn :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> [[a]]Source
Break a list into pieces separated by the first list argument, consuming the delimiter. An empty delimiter is invalid, and will cause an error to be raised.
splitOn "\r\n" "a\r\nb\r\nd\r\ne" == ["a","b","d","e"] splitOn "aaa" "aaaXaaaXaaaXaaa" == ["","X","X","X",""] splitOn "x" "x" == ["",""] splitOn "x" "" == [""] \s x -> s /= "" ==> intercalate s (splitOn s x) == x \c x -> splitOn [c] x == split (==c) x
split :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [[a]]Source
Splits a list into components delimited by separators, where the predicate returns True for a separator element. The resulting components do not contain the separators. Two adjacent separators result in an empty component in the output.
split (== 'a') "aabbaca" == ["","","bb","c",""] split (== 'a') "" == [""] split (== ':') "::xyz:abc::123::" == ["","","xyz","abc","","123","",""] split (== ',') "my,list,here" == ["my","list","here"]
chunksOf :: Int -> [a] -> [[a]]Source
Split a list into chunks of a given size. The last chunk may contain fewer than n elements. The chunk size must be positive.
chunksOf 3 "my test" == ["my ","tes","t"] chunksOf 3 "mytest" == ["myt","est"] chunksOf 8 "" == [] chunksOf 0 "test" == undefined
Basics
list :: b -> (a -> [a] -> b) -> [a] -> bSource
Non-recursive transform over a list, like maybe
.
list 1 (\v _ -> v - 2) [5,6,7] == 3 list 1 (\v _ -> v - 2) [] == 1 \nil cons xs -> maybe nil (uncurry cons) (uncons xs) == list nil cons xs
Append an element to the start of a list, an alias for '(:)'.
cons 't' "est" == "test" \x xs -> uncons (cons x xs) == Just (x,xs)
Append an element to the end of a list, takes O(n) time.
snoc "tes" 't' == "test" \xs x -> unsnoc (snoc xs x) == Just (xs,x)
Equivalent to drop 1
, but likely to be faster and a single lexeme.
drop1 "" == "" drop1 "test" == "est" \xs -> drop 1 xs == drop1 xs
List operations
groupOn :: Eq b => (a -> b) -> [a] -> [[a]]Source
A version of group
where the equality is done on some extracted value.
sortOn :: Ord b => (a -> b) -> [a] -> [a]Source
Sort a list by comparing the results of a key function applied to each
element. sortOn f
is equivalent to sortBy (comparing f)
, but has the
performance advantage of only evaluating f
once for each element in the
input list. This is called the decorate-sort-undecorate paradigm, or
Schwartzian transform.
sortOn fst [(3,"z"),(1,""),(3,"a")] == [(1,""),(3,"z"),(3,"a")]
disjoint :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> BoolSource
Are two lists disjoint, with no elements in common.
disjoint [1,2,3] [4,5] == True disjoint [1,2,3] [4,1] == False
allSame :: Eq a => [a] -> BoolSource
Are all elements the same.
allSame [1,1,2] == False allSame [1,1,1] == True allSame [1] == True allSame [] == True allSame (1:1:2:undefined) == False \xs -> allSame xs == (length (nub xs) <= 1)
anySame :: Eq a => [a] -> BoolSource
Is there any element which occurs more than once.
anySame [1,1,2] == True anySame [1,2,3] == False anySame (1:2:1:undefined) == True anySame [] == False \xs -> anySame xs == (length (nub xs) < length xs)
repeatedly :: ([a] -> (b, [a])) -> [a] -> [b]Source
Apply some operation repeatedly, producing an element of output and the remainder of the list.
\xs -> repeatedly (splitAt 3) xs == chunksOf 3 xs \xs -> repeatedly word1 (trim xs) == words xs
firstJust :: (a -> Maybe b) -> [a] -> Maybe bSource
Find the first element of a list for which the operation returns Just
, along
with the result of the operation. Like find
but useful where the function also
computes some expensive information that can be reused. Particular useful
when the function is monadic, see firstJustM
.
firstJust id [Nothing,Just 3] == Just 3 firstJust id [Nothing,Nothing] == Nothing
concatUnzip :: [([a], [b])] -> ([a], [b])Source
concatUnzip3 :: [([a], [b], [c])] -> ([a], [b], [c])Source
replace :: Eq a => [a] -> [a] -> [a] -> [a]Source
Replace a subsequence everywhere it occurs. The first argument must not be the empty list.
replace "el" "_" "Hello Bella" == "H_lo B_la" replace "el" "e" "Hello" == "Helo" replace "" "e" "Hello" == undefined \xs ys -> not (null xs) ==> replace xs xs ys == ys