An Opcode is a plain, parameterless Ethereum VM Opcode.

An Opcode' is an Ethereum VM Opcode with parameterised jumps.

For a plain opcode using the basic EVM stack-based jumps, use Opcode instead.

This type is used for defining and translating from annotated opcodes, e.g. with labelled jumps.

An OpcodeSpec for a given Opcode contains the numeric encoding of the opcode, the number of items that this opcode removes from the stack (α), and the number of items added to the stack (δ). These values are documented in the Ethereum Yellow Paper.

Examples of OpcodeSpecs:

--         Hex  α δ
OpcodeSpec 0x01 2 1 "add"
OpcodeSpec 0x60 0 1 "push1 255"
OpcodeSpec 0x61 0 1 "push2 256"

Given an Opcode', produce its OpcodeSpec.

For DUP, SWAP and LOG this depends on the specific variant, and for PUSH it depends on the size of the constant being pushed.

jump is a plain parameterless Opcode.

jumpi is a plain parameterless Opcode.

jumpdest is a plain parameterless Opcode.

Extract the a from a JUMP a or a JUMPI a.

Extract the a from a JUMPDEST a.

Convert any Opcode' a into an Opcode' ().

Show Opcode as Text.

Calculate the size in bytes of an encoded opcode. The only Opcode that uses more than one byte is PUSH. Sizes are trivially determined for only Opcode with unlabelled jumps, since we cannot know e.g. where the label of a LabelledOpcode points to before code generation has completed.

Convert a [Opcode] to a string of ASCII hexadecimals.

Convert a [Opcode] to bytecode.

Convert an Opcode to a [Word8].

To convert many Opcodes to bytecode, use pack.

Determine if a byte represents a DUP opcode (DUP1 -- DUP16).

Determine if a byte represents a SWAP opcode (SWAP1 -- SWAP16).

Determine if a byte represents a LOG opcode (LOG1 -- LOG4).

Determine if a byte represents a PUSH opcode.

Read a DUP opcode (DUP1 -- DUP16) safely.

Read a SWAP opcode (SWAP1 -- SWAP16) safely.

Read a LOG opcode (LOG1 -- LOG4) safely.

Read a PUSH opcode safely.

Parse an Opcode from a Word8. In case of PUSH instructions, read the constant being pushed from a subsequent ByteString.

Use DUP1 instead of DUP Ord16_1.

Use DUP2 instead of DUP Ord16_2.

Use DUP3 instead of DUP Ord16_3.

Use DUP4 instead of DUP Ord16_4.

Use DUP5 instead of DUP Ord16_5.

Use DUP6 instead of DUP Ord16_6.

Use DUP7 instead of DUP Ord16_7.

Use DUP8 instead of DUP Ord16_8.

Use DUP9 instead of DUP Ord16_9.

Use DUP10 instead of DUP Ord16_10.

Use DUP11 instead of DUP Ord16_11.

Use DUP12 instead of DUP Ord16_12.

Use DUP13 instead of DUP Ord16_13.

Use DUP14 instead of DUP Ord16_14.

Use DUP15 instead of DUP Ord16_15.

Use DUP16 instead of DUP Ord16_16.

Use SWAP1 instead of SWAP Ord16_1, etc.

Use SWAP2 instead of SWAP Ord16_2, etc.

Use SWAP3 instead of SWAP Ord16_3, etc.

Use SWAP4 instead of SWAP Ord16_4, etc.

Use SWAP5 instead of SWAP Ord16_5, etc.

Use SWAP6 instead of SWAP Ord16_6, etc.

Use SWAP7 instead of SWAP Ord16_7, etc.

Use SWAP8 instead of SWAP Ord16_8, etc.

Use SWAP9 instead of SWAP Ord16_9, etc.

Use SWAP10 instead of SWAP Ord16_10, etc.

Use SWAP11 instead of SWAP Ord16_11, etc.

Use SWAP12 instead of SWAP Ord16_12, etc.

Use SWAP13 instead of SWAP Ord16_13, etc.

Use SWAP14 instead of SWAP Ord16_14, etc.

Use SWAP15 instead of SWAP Ord16_15, etc.

Use SWAP16 instead of SWAP Ord16_16, etc.

Use LOG0 instead of LOG Ord5_0.

Use LOG1 instead of LOG Ord5_1.

Use LOG2 instead of LOG Ord5_2.

Use LOG3 instead of LOG Ord5_3.

Use LOG4 instead of LOG Ord5_4.