| Copyright | (c) The University of Glasgow 2001 |
|---|---|
| License | BSD-style (see the file libraries/base/LICENSE) |
| Maintainer | libraries@haskell.org |
| Stability | stable |
| Portability | portable |
| Safe Haskell | Trustworthy |
| Language | Haskell2010 |
Data.Char
Contents
Description
The Char type and associated operations.
- data Char :: *
- isControl :: Char -> Bool
- isSpace :: Char -> Bool
- isLower :: Char -> Bool
- isUpper :: Char -> Bool
- isAlpha :: Char -> Bool
- isAlphaNum :: Char -> Bool
- isPrint :: Char -> Bool
- isDigit :: Char -> Bool
- isOctDigit :: Char -> Bool
- isHexDigit :: Char -> Bool
- isLetter :: Char -> Bool
- isMark :: Char -> Bool
- isNumber :: Char -> Bool
- isPunctuation :: Char -> Bool
- isSymbol :: Char -> Bool
- isSeparator :: Char -> Bool
- isAscii :: Char -> Bool
- isLatin1 :: Char -> Bool
- isAsciiUpper :: Char -> Bool
- isAsciiLower :: Char -> Bool
- data GeneralCategory
- = UppercaseLetter
- | LowercaseLetter
- | TitlecaseLetter
- | ModifierLetter
- | OtherLetter
- | NonSpacingMark
- | SpacingCombiningMark
- | EnclosingMark
- | DecimalNumber
- | LetterNumber
- | OtherNumber
- | ConnectorPunctuation
- | DashPunctuation
- | OpenPunctuation
- | ClosePunctuation
- | InitialQuote
- | FinalQuote
- | OtherPunctuation
- | MathSymbol
- | CurrencySymbol
- | ModifierSymbol
- | OtherSymbol
- | Space
- | LineSeparator
- | ParagraphSeparator
- | Control
- | Format
- | Surrogate
- | PrivateUse
- | NotAssigned
- generalCategory :: Char -> GeneralCategory
- toUpper :: Char -> Char
- toLower :: Char -> Char
- toTitle :: Char -> Char
- digitToInt :: Char -> Int
- intToDigit :: Int -> Char
- ord :: Char -> Int
- chr :: Int -> Char
- showLitChar :: Char -> ShowS
- lexLitChar :: ReadS String
- readLitChar :: ReadS Char
Documentation
data Char :: *
The character type Char is an enumeration whose values represent
Unicode (or equivalently ISO/IEC 10646) characters (see
http://www.unicode.org/ for details). This set extends the ISO 8859-1
(Latin-1) character set (the first 256 characters), which is itself an extension
of the ASCII character set (the first 128 characters). A character literal in
Haskell has type Char.
To convert a Char to or from the corresponding Int value defined
by Unicode, use toEnum and fromEnum from the
Enum class respectively (or equivalently ord and chr).
Character classification
Unicode characters are divided into letters, numbers, marks, punctuation, symbols, separators (including spaces) and others (including control characters).
isControl :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects control characters, which are the non-printing characters of the Latin-1 subset of Unicode.
isSpace :: Char -> Bool Source
Returns True for any Unicode space character, and the control
characters \t, \n, \r, \f, \v.
isUpper :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects upper-case or title-case alphabetic Unicode characters (letters). Title case is used by a small number of letter ligatures like the single-character form of Lj.
isAlpha :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects alphabetic Unicode characters (lower-case, upper-case and
title-case letters, plus letters of caseless scripts and modifiers letters).
This function is equivalent to isLetter.
isAlphaNum :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects alphabetic or numeric digit Unicode characters.
Note that numeric digits outside the ASCII range are selected by this
function but not by isDigit. Such digits may be part of identifiers
but are not used by the printer and reader to represent numbers.
isPrint :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects printable Unicode characters (letters, numbers, marks, punctuation, symbols and spaces).
isOctDigit :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects ASCII octal digits, i.e. '0'..'7'.
isHexDigit :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects ASCII hexadecimal digits,
i.e. '0'..'9', 'a'..'f', 'A'..'F'.
isLetter :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects alphabetic Unicode characters (lower-case, upper-case and
title-case letters, plus letters of caseless scripts and modifiers letters).
This function is equivalent to isAlpha.
Selects Unicode mark characters, e.g. accents and the like, which combine with preceding letters.
isNumber :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects Unicode numeric characters, including digits from various scripts, Roman numerals, etc.
isPunctuation :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects Unicode punctuation characters, including various kinds of connectors, brackets and quotes.
isSymbol :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects Unicode symbol characters, including mathematical and currency symbols.
isSeparator :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects Unicode space and separator characters.
Subranges
isAscii :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects the first 128 characters of the Unicode character set, corresponding to the ASCII character set.
isLatin1 :: Char -> Bool Source
Selects the first 256 characters of the Unicode character set, corresponding to the ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) character set.
isAsciiUpper :: Char -> Bool Source
isAsciiLower :: Char -> Bool Source
Unicode general categories
data GeneralCategory Source
Unicode General Categories (column 2 of the UnicodeData table) in the order they are listed in the Unicode standard.
Constructors
| UppercaseLetter | Lu: Letter, Uppercase |
| LowercaseLetter | Ll: Letter, Lowercase |
| TitlecaseLetter | Lt: Letter, Titlecase |
| ModifierLetter | Lm: Letter, Modifier |
| OtherLetter | Lo: Letter, Other |
| NonSpacingMark | Mn: Mark, Non-Spacing |
| SpacingCombiningMark | Mc: Mark, Spacing Combining |
| EnclosingMark | Me: Mark, Enclosing |
| DecimalNumber | Nd: Number, Decimal |
| LetterNumber | Nl: Number, Letter |
| OtherNumber | No: Number, Other |
| ConnectorPunctuation | Pc: Punctuation, Connector |
| DashPunctuation | Pd: Punctuation, Dash |
| OpenPunctuation | Ps: Punctuation, Open |
| ClosePunctuation | Pe: Punctuation, Close |
| InitialQuote | Pi: Punctuation, Initial quote |
| FinalQuote | Pf: Punctuation, Final quote |
| OtherPunctuation | Po: Punctuation, Other |
| MathSymbol | Sm: Symbol, Math |
| CurrencySymbol | Sc: Symbol, Currency |
| ModifierSymbol | Sk: Symbol, Modifier |
| OtherSymbol | So: Symbol, Other |
| Space | Zs: Separator, Space |
| LineSeparator | Zl: Separator, Line |
| ParagraphSeparator | Zp: Separator, Paragraph |
| Control | Cc: Other, Control |
| Format | Cf: Other, Format |
| Surrogate | Cs: Other, Surrogate |
| PrivateUse | Co: Other, Private Use |
| NotAssigned | Cn: Other, Not Assigned |
generalCategory :: Char -> GeneralCategory Source
The Unicode general category of the character.
Case conversion
toUpper :: Char -> Char Source
Convert a letter to the corresponding upper-case letter, if any. Any other character is returned unchanged.
toLower :: Char -> Char Source
Convert a letter to the corresponding lower-case letter, if any. Any other character is returned unchanged.
toTitle :: Char -> Char Source
Convert a letter to the corresponding title-case or upper-case letter, if any. (Title case differs from upper case only for a small number of ligature letters.) Any other character is returned unchanged.
Single digit characters
digitToInt :: Char -> Int Source
Convert a single digit Char to the corresponding Int.
This function fails unless its argument satisfies isHexDigit,
but recognises both upper and lower-case hexadecimal digits
(i.e. '0'..'9', 'a'..'f', 'A'..'F').
intToDigit :: Int -> Char Source
Numeric representations
String representations
showLitChar :: Char -> ShowS Source
Convert a character to a string using only printable characters, using Haskell source-language escape conventions. For example:
showLitChar '\n' s = "\\n" ++ s
lexLitChar :: ReadS String Source
Read a string representation of a character, using Haskell source-language escape conventions. For example:
lexLitChar "\\nHello" = [("\\n", "Hello")]readLitChar :: ReadS Char Source
Read a string representation of a character, using Haskell source-language escape conventions, and convert it to the character that it encodes. For example:
readLitChar "\\nHello" = [('\n', "Hello")]