SG-1.0: Small geometry library for dealing with vectors and collision detection

Data.SG.Vector

Description

The module with all the different type-classes for vectors. Generally, the main functions you might need from this function are:

The rest of the functions are mainly just wiring necessary for other functions, but must be exported.

As to the vector types, there are two methods to use this library. One is to use the types from the Data.SG.Vector.Basic library, which support basic vector operations. The other is to use the types from the Data.SG.Geometry.TwoDim and Data.SG.Geometry.ThreeDim modules, where a position vector is differentiated from a relative vector (to increase clarity of code, and help prevent errors such as adding two points together). Both systems can be used with various useful functions (involving lines too) from Data.SG.Geometry.

Synopsis

Documentation

class IsomorphicVectors from to whereSource

An isomorphism amongst vectors. Allows you to convert between two vectors that have the same dimensions. You will notice that all the instances reflect this.

Methods

iso :: Num a => from a -> to aSource

Instances

class Foldable p => Coord p whereSource

The class that is implemented by all vectors.

Minimal implementation: fromComponents

Methods

getComponents :: Num a => p a -> [a]Source

Gets the components of the vector, in the order x, y (, z).

fromComponents :: Num a => [a] -> p aSource

Re-constructs a vector from the list of coordinates. If there are too few, the rest will be filled with zeroes. If there are too many, the latter ones are ignored.

magSq :: Num a => p a -> aSource

Gets the magnitude squared of the vector. This should be fast for repeated calls on Data.SG.Geometry.TwoDim.Rel2' and Data.SG.Geometry.ThreeDim.Rel3', which cache this value.

dotProduct :: Num a => p a -> p a -> aSource

Computes the dot product of the two vectors.

Instances

class Coord p => Coord2 p whereSource

This class is implemented by all 2D and 3D vectors, so getX gets the X co-ordinate of both 2D and 3D vectors.

Methods

getX :: p a -> aSource

getY :: p a -> aSource

Instances

class Coord2 p => Coord3 p whereSource

This class is implemented by all 3D vectors. To get the X and Y components, use getX and getY from Coord2.

Methods

getZ :: p a -> aSource

Instances

origin :: (Coord p, Num a) => p aSource

The origin/all-zero vector (can be used with any vector type you like)

mag :: (Coord p, Floating a) => p a -> aSource

Gets the magnitude of the given vector.

unitVector :: (Coord p, VectorNum p, Ord a, Floating a) => p a -> p aSource

Scales the vector so that it has length 1. Note that due to floating-point inaccuracies and so on, mag (unitVector v) will not necessarily equal 1, but it should be very close. If an all-zero vector is passed, the same will be returned.

This function should be very fast when called on Data.SG.Geometry.TwoDim.Rel2' and Data.SG.Geometry.ThreeDim.Rel3'; vectors that are already unit vectors (no processing is done).

averageVec :: (Fractional a, VectorNum p, Num (p a)) => [p a] -> p aSource

Gets the average vector of all the given vectors. Essentially it is the sum of the vectors, divided by the length, so averageVec [Point2 (-3, 0), Point2 (5,0)] will give Point2 (1,0). If the list is empty, the all-zero vector is returned.

averageUnitVec :: (Floating a, Ord a, Coord p, VectorNum p, Num (p a)) => [p a] -> p aSource

Like averageVec composed with unitVector -- gets the average of the vectors in the list, and normalises the length. If the list is empty, the all-zero vector is returned (which is therefore not a unit vector). Similarly, if the average of all the vectors is all-zero, the all-zero vector will be returned.

sameDirection :: (VectorNum rel, Coord rel, Ord a, Floating a) => rel a -> rel a -> BoolSource

Works out if the two vectors are in the same direction (to within a small tolerance).

projectOnto :: (Floating a, Ord a, VectorNum rel, Coord rel) => rel a -> rel a -> aSource

Gives back the vector (first parameter), translated onto given axis (second parameter). Note that the scale is always distance, not related to the size of the axis vector.

projectOnto2 :: (Floating a, Ord a, VectorNum rel, Coord rel) => rel a -> (rel a, rel a) -> rel aSource

Projects the first parameter onto the given axes (X, Y), returning a point in terms of the new axes.

projectPointOnto :: (Floating a, Ord a, VectorNum rel, Coord rel, IsomorphicVectors pt rel) => pt a -> rel a -> aSource

Gives back the point (first parameter), translated onto given axis (second parameter). Note that the scale is always distance, not related to the size of the axis vector.

projectPointOnto2 :: (Floating a, Ord a, VectorNum rel, Coord rel, IsomorphicVectors pt rel, Coord pt) => pt a -> (rel a, rel a) -> pt aSource

Projects the point (first parameter) onto the given axes (X, Y), returning a point in terms of the new axes.

distFrom :: (VectorNum pt, Coord pt, Floating a) => pt a -> pt a -> aSource

Works out the distance between two points.

class VectorNum f whereSource

A modified version of Functor and Control.Applicative.Applicative that adds the Num constraint on the result. You are unlikely to need to use this class much directly. Some vectors have Functor and Control.Applicative.Applicative instances anyway.

Methods

fmapNum1 :: Num b => (a -> b) -> f a -> f bSource

Like fmap, but with a Num constraint.

fmapNum2 :: Num c => (a -> b -> c) -> f a -> f b -> f cSource

Like Control.Applicative.liftA2, but with a Num constraint.

fmapNum1inv :: Num a => (a -> a) -> f a -> f aSource

Like fmapNum1, but can only be used if you won't change the magnitude:

simpleVec :: Num a => a -> f aSource

Like Control.Applicative.pure (or fromInteger) but with a Num constraint.

Instances