planet-mitchell-0.0.0: Planet Mitchell

Safe HaskellSafe
LanguageHaskell2010

Char

Contents

Synopsis

Char

data Char #

The character type Char is an enumeration whose values represent Unicode (or equivalently ISO/IEC 10646) code points (i.e. characters, see http://www.unicode.org/ for details). This set extends the ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) character set (the first 256 characters), which is itself an extension of the ASCII character set (the first 128 characters). A character literal in Haskell has type Char.

To convert a Char to or from the corresponding Int value defined by Unicode, use toEnum and fromEnum from the Enum class respectively (or equivalently ord and chr).

Instances
Bounded Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Enum Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Enum

Methods

succ :: Char -> Char #

pred :: Char -> Char #

toEnum :: Int -> Char #

fromEnum :: Char -> Int #

enumFrom :: Char -> [Char] #

enumFromThen :: Char -> Char -> [Char] #

enumFromTo :: Char -> Char -> [Char] #

enumFromThenTo :: Char -> Char -> Char -> [Char] #

Eq Char 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

(==) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(/=) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

Data Char

Since: base-4.0.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Data.Data

Methods

gfoldl :: (forall d b. Data d => c (d -> b) -> d -> c b) -> (forall g. g -> c g) -> Char -> c Char #

gunfold :: (forall b r. Data b => c (b -> r) -> c r) -> (forall r. r -> c r) -> Constr -> c Char #

toConstr :: Char -> Constr #

dataTypeOf :: Char -> DataType #

dataCast1 :: Typeable t => (forall d. Data d => c (t d)) -> Maybe (c Char) #

dataCast2 :: Typeable t => (forall d e. (Data d, Data e) => c (t d e)) -> Maybe (c Char) #

gmapT :: (forall b. Data b => b -> b) -> Char -> Char #

gmapQl :: (r -> r' -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Char -> r #

gmapQr :: (r' -> r -> r) -> r -> (forall d. Data d => d -> r') -> Char -> r #

gmapQ :: (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Char -> [u] #

gmapQi :: Int -> (forall d. Data d => d -> u) -> Char -> u #

gmapM :: Monad m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Char -> m Char #

gmapMp :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Char -> m Char #

gmapMo :: MonadPlus m => (forall d. Data d => d -> m d) -> Char -> m Char #

Ord Char 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Classes

Methods

compare :: Char -> Char -> Ordering #

(<) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(<=) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(>) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

(>=) :: Char -> Char -> Bool #

max :: Char -> Char -> Char #

min :: Char -> Char -> Char #

Read Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Show Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Show

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> Char -> ShowS #

show :: Char -> String #

showList :: [Char] -> ShowS #

Ix Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Arr

Methods

range :: (Char, Char) -> [Char] #

index :: (Char, Char) -> Char -> Int #

unsafeIndex :: (Char, Char) -> Char -> Int

inRange :: (Char, Char) -> Char -> Bool #

rangeSize :: (Char, Char) -> Int #

unsafeRangeSize :: (Char, Char) -> Int

Lift Char 
Instance details

Defined in Language.Haskell.TH.Syntax

Methods

lift :: Char -> Q Exp #

Hashable Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Hashable.Class

Methods

hashWithSalt :: Int -> Char -> Int #

hash :: Char -> Int #

ToJSON Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Aeson.Types.ToJSON

ToJSONKey Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Aeson.Types.ToJSON

FromJSON Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Aeson.Types.FromJSON

FromJSONKey Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Aeson.Types.FromJSON

PrintfArg Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Text.Printf

IsChar Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Text.Printf

Methods

toChar :: Char -> Char #

fromChar :: Char -> Char #

Storable Char

Since: base-2.1

Instance details

Defined in Foreign.Storable

Methods

sizeOf :: Char -> Int #

alignment :: Char -> Int #

peekElemOff :: Ptr Char -> Int -> IO Char #

pokeElemOff :: Ptr Char -> Int -> Char -> IO () #

peekByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> IO Char #

pokeByteOff :: Ptr b -> Int -> Char -> IO () #

peek :: Ptr Char -> IO Char #

poke :: Ptr Char -> Char -> IO () #

FoldCase Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.CaseInsensitive.Internal

Methods

foldCase :: Char -> Char #

foldCaseList :: [Char] -> [Char]

NFData Char 
Instance details

Defined in Control.DeepSeq

Methods

rnf :: Char -> () #

Prim Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Primitive.Types

Unbox Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

AsNumber String 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Aeson.Lens

AsPrimitive String 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Aeson.Lens

AsValue String 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Aeson.Lens

AsJSON String 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Aeson.Lens

Methods

_JSON :: (FromJSON a, ToJSON a) => Prism' String a #

ShowToken Char 
Instance details

Defined in Text.Megaparsec.Error

LineToken Char 
Instance details

Defined in Text.Megaparsec.Error

Stream String 
Instance details

Defined in Text.Megaparsec.Stream

Associated Types

type Token String :: * #

type Tokens String :: * #

Pretty Char

Instead of (pretty '\n'), consider using line as a more readable alternative.

>>> pretty 'f' <> pretty 'o' <> pretty 'o'
foo
>>> pretty ("string" :: String)
string
Instance details

Defined in Data.Text.Prettyprint.Doc.Internal

Methods

pretty :: Char -> Doc ann #

prettyList :: [Char] -> Doc ann #

Upper Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Semilattice.Upper

Methods

upperBound :: Char #

Lower Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Semilattice.Lower

Methods

lowerBound :: Char #

Serialise Char

Since: serialise-0.2.0.0

Instance details

Defined in Codec.Serialise.Class

ErrorList Char 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Monad.Trans.Error

Methods

listMsg :: String -> [Char] #

Vector Vector Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

MVector MVector Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

KnownSymbol n => Reifies (n :: Symbol) String 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Reflection

Methods

reflect :: proxy n -> String #

Cons Text Text Char Char 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Lens.Cons

Methods

_Cons :: Prism Text Text (Char, Text) (Char, Text) #

Cons Text Text Char Char 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Lens.Cons

Methods

_Cons :: Prism Text Text (Char, Text) (Char, Text) #

Snoc Text Text Char Char 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Lens.Cons

Methods

_Snoc :: Prism Text Text (Text, Char) (Text, Char) #

Snoc Text Text Char Char 
Instance details

Defined in Control.Lens.Cons

Methods

_Snoc :: Prism Text Text (Text, Char) (Text, Char) #

() :=> (Bounded Char) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Constraint

Methods

ins :: () :- Bounded Char #

() :=> (Enum Char) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Constraint

Methods

ins :: () :- Enum Char #

() :=> (Ord Char) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Constraint

Methods

ins :: () :- Ord Char #

() :=> (Read Char) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Constraint

Methods

ins :: () :- Read Char #

() :=> (Show Char) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Constraint

Methods

ins :: () :- Show Char #

GEq1 v (UChar :: * -> *) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Classes.Generic.Internal

Methods

gliftEq :: Eq1Args v a b -> UChar a -> UChar b -> Bool #

GOrd1 v (UChar :: * -> *) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Classes.Generic.Internal

Methods

gliftCompare :: Ord1Args v a b -> UChar a -> UChar b -> Ordering #

GShow1Con v (UChar :: * -> *) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Classes.Generic.Internal

Methods

gliftShowsPrecCon :: Options -> ConType -> Show1Args v a -> Int -> UChar a -> ShowS #

Generic1 (URec Char :: k -> *) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep1 (URec Char) :: k -> * #

Methods

from1 :: URec Char a -> Rep1 (URec Char) a #

to1 :: Rep1 (URec Char) a -> URec Char a #

IsNullary (UChar :: * -> *) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Functor.Classes.Generic.Internal

Methods

isNullary :: UChar a -> Bool #

Functor (URec Char :: * -> *) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

fmap :: (a -> b) -> URec Char a -> URec Char b #

(<$) :: a -> URec Char b -> URec Char a #

Foldable (URec Char :: * -> *) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Foldable

Methods

fold :: Monoid m => URec Char m -> m #

foldMap :: Monoid m => (a -> m) -> URec Char a -> m #

foldr :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> URec Char a -> b #

foldr' :: (a -> b -> b) -> b -> URec Char a -> b #

foldl :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> URec Char a -> b #

foldl' :: (b -> a -> b) -> b -> URec Char a -> b #

foldr1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> URec Char a -> a #

foldl1 :: (a -> a -> a) -> URec Char a -> a #

toList :: URec Char a -> [a] #

null :: URec Char a -> Bool #

length :: URec Char a -> Int #

elem :: Eq a => a -> URec Char a -> Bool #

maximum :: Ord a => URec Char a -> a #

minimum :: Ord a => URec Char a -> a #

sum :: Num a => URec Char a -> a #

product :: Num a => URec Char a -> a #

Traversable (URec Char :: * -> *) 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Traversable

Methods

traverse :: Applicative f => (a -> f b) -> URec Char a -> f (URec Char b) #

sequenceA :: Applicative f => URec Char (f a) -> f (URec Char a) #

mapM :: Monad m => (a -> m b) -> URec Char a -> m (URec Char b) #

sequence :: Monad m => URec Char (m a) -> m (URec Char a) #

Eq (URec Char p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

(==) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(/=) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

Ord (URec Char p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

compare :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Ordering #

(<) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(<=) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(>) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

(>=) :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> Bool #

max :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> URec Char p #

min :: URec Char p -> URec Char p -> URec Char p #

Show (URec Char p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Methods

showsPrec :: Int -> URec Char p -> ShowS #

show :: URec Char p -> String #

showList :: [URec Char p] -> ShowS #

Generic (URec Char p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

Associated Types

type Rep (URec Char p) :: * -> * #

Methods

from :: URec Char p -> Rep (URec Char p) x #

to :: Rep (URec Char p) x -> URec Char p #

data Vector Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

type Tokens String 
Instance details

Defined in Text.Megaparsec.Stream

type Token String 
Instance details

Defined in Text.Megaparsec.Stream

data URec Char (p :: k)

Used for marking occurrences of Char#

Since: base-4.9.0.0

Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

data URec Char (p :: k) = UChar {}
data MVector s Char 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Vector.Unboxed.Base

type Rep1 (URec Char :: k -> *) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep1 (URec Char :: k -> *) = D1 (MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" False) (C1 (MetaCons "UChar" PrefixI True) (S1 (MetaSel (Just "uChar#") NoSourceUnpackedness NoSourceStrictness DecidedLazy) (UChar :: k -> *)))
type Rep (URec Char p) 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Generics

type Rep (URec Char p) = D1 (MetaData "URec" "GHC.Generics" "base" False) (C1 (MetaCons "UChar" PrefixI True) (S1 (MetaSel (Just "uChar#") NoSourceUnpackedness NoSourceStrictness DecidedLazy) (UChar :: * -> *)))

isControl :: Char -> Bool #

Selects control characters, which are the non-printing characters of the Latin-1 subset of Unicode.

isSpace :: Char -> Bool #

Returns True for any Unicode space character, and the control characters \t, \n, \r, \f, \v.

isLower :: Char -> Bool #

Selects lower-case alphabetic Unicode characters (letters).

isUpper :: Char -> Bool #

Selects upper-case or title-case alphabetic Unicode characters (letters). Title case is used by a small number of letter ligatures like the single-character form of Lj.

isAlpha :: Char -> Bool #

Selects alphabetic Unicode characters (lower-case, upper-case and title-case letters, plus letters of caseless scripts and modifiers letters). This function is equivalent to isLetter.

isAlphaNum :: Char -> Bool #

Selects alphabetic or numeric digit Unicode characters.

Note that numeric digits outside the ASCII range are selected by this function but not by isDigit. Such digits may be part of identifiers but are not used by the printer and reader to represent numbers.

isPrint :: Char -> Bool #

Selects printable Unicode characters (letters, numbers, marks, punctuation, symbols and spaces).

isDigit :: Char -> Bool #

Selects ASCII digits, i.e. '0'..'9'.

isOctDigit :: Char -> Bool #

Selects ASCII octal digits, i.e. '0'..'7'.

isHexDigit :: Char -> Bool #

Selects ASCII hexadecimal digits, i.e. '0'..'9', 'a'..'f', 'A'..'F'.

isLetter :: Char -> Bool #

Selects alphabetic Unicode characters (lower-case, upper-case and title-case letters, plus letters of caseless scripts and modifiers letters). This function is equivalent to isAlpha.

This function returns True if its argument has one of the following GeneralCategorys, or False otherwise:

These classes are defined in the Unicode Character Database, part of the Unicode standard. The same document defines what is and is not a "Letter".

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> isLetter 'a'
True
>>> isLetter 'A'
True
>>> isLetter 'λ'
True
>>> isLetter '0'
False
>>> isLetter '%'
False
>>> isLetter '♥'
False
>>> isLetter '\31'
False

Ensure that isLetter and isAlpha are equivalent.

>>> let chars = [(chr 0)..]
>>> let letters = map isLetter chars
>>> let alphas = map isAlpha chars
>>> letters == alphas
True

isMark :: Char -> Bool #

Selects Unicode mark characters, for example accents and the like, which combine with preceding characters.

This function returns True if its argument has one of the following GeneralCategorys, or False otherwise:

These classes are defined in the Unicode Character Database, part of the Unicode standard. The same document defines what is and is not a "Mark".

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> isMark 'a'
False
>>> isMark '0'
False

Combining marks such as accent characters usually need to follow another character before they become printable:

>>> map isMark "ò"
[False,True]

Puns are not necessarily supported:

>>> isMark '✓'
False

isNumber :: Char -> Bool #

Selects Unicode numeric characters, including digits from various scripts, Roman numerals, et cetera.

This function returns True if its argument has one of the following GeneralCategorys, or False otherwise:

These classes are defined in the Unicode Character Database, part of the Unicode standard. The same document defines what is and is not a "Number".

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> isNumber 'a'
False
>>> isNumber '%'
False
>>> isNumber '3'
True

ASCII '0' through '9' are all numbers:

>>> and $ map isNumber ['0'..'9']
True

Unicode Roman numerals are "numbers" as well:

>>> isNumber 'Ⅸ'
True

isPunctuation :: Char -> Bool #

Selects Unicode punctuation characters, including various kinds of connectors, brackets and quotes.

This function returns True if its argument has one of the following GeneralCategorys, or False otherwise:

These classes are defined in the Unicode Character Database, part of the Unicode standard. The same document defines what is and is not a "Punctuation".

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> isPunctuation 'a'
False
>>> isPunctuation '7'
False
>>> isPunctuation '♥'
False
>>> isPunctuation '"'
True
>>> isPunctuation '?'
True
>>> isPunctuation '—'
True

isSymbol :: Char -> Bool #

Selects Unicode symbol characters, including mathematical and currency symbols.

This function returns True if its argument has one of the following GeneralCategorys, or False otherwise:

These classes are defined in the Unicode Character Database, part of the Unicode standard. The same document defines what is and is not a "Symbol".

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> isSymbol 'a'
False
>>> isSymbol '6'
False
>>> isSymbol '='
True

The definition of "math symbol" may be a little counter-intuitive depending on one's background:

>>> isSymbol '+'
True
>>> isSymbol '-'
False

isSeparator :: Char -> Bool #

Selects Unicode space and separator characters.

This function returns True if its argument has one of the following GeneralCategorys, or False otherwise:

These classes are defined in the Unicode Character Database, part of the Unicode standard. The same document defines what is and is not a "Separator".

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> isSeparator 'a'
False
>>> isSeparator '6'
False
>>> isSeparator ' '
True

Warning: newlines and tab characters are not considered separators.

>>> isSeparator '\n'
False
>>> isSeparator '\t'
False

But some more exotic characters are (like HTML's &nbsp;):

>>> isSeparator '\160'
True

isAscii :: Char -> Bool #

Selects the first 128 characters of the Unicode character set, corresponding to the ASCII character set.

isAsciiUpper :: Char -> Bool #

Selects ASCII upper-case letters, i.e. characters satisfying both isAscii and isUpper.

isAsciiLower :: Char -> Bool #

Selects ASCII lower-case letters, i.e. characters satisfying both isAscii and isLower.

isLatin1 :: Char -> Bool #

Selects the first 256 characters of the Unicode character set, corresponding to the ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) character set.

data GeneralCategory #

Unicode General Categories (column 2 of the UnicodeData table) in the order they are listed in the Unicode standard (the Unicode Character Database, in particular).

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> :t OtherLetter
OtherLetter :: GeneralCategory

Eq instance:

>>> UppercaseLetter == UppercaseLetter
True
>>> UppercaseLetter == LowercaseLetter
False

Ord instance:

>>> NonSpacingMark <= MathSymbol
True

Enum instance:

>>> enumFromTo ModifierLetter SpacingCombiningMark
[ModifierLetter,OtherLetter,NonSpacingMark,SpacingCombiningMark]

Read instance:

>>> read "DashPunctuation" :: GeneralCategory
DashPunctuation
>>> read "17" :: GeneralCategory
*** Exception: Prelude.read: no parse

Show instance:

>>> show EnclosingMark
"EnclosingMark"

Bounded instance:

>>> minBound :: GeneralCategory
UppercaseLetter
>>> maxBound :: GeneralCategory
NotAssigned

Ix instance:

>>> import Data.Ix ( index )
>>> index (OtherLetter,Control) FinalQuote
12
>>> index (OtherLetter,Control) Format
*** Exception: Error in array index

Constructors

UppercaseLetter

Lu: Letter, Uppercase

LowercaseLetter

Ll: Letter, Lowercase

TitlecaseLetter

Lt: Letter, Titlecase

ModifierLetter

Lm: Letter, Modifier

OtherLetter

Lo: Letter, Other

NonSpacingMark

Mn: Mark, Non-Spacing

SpacingCombiningMark

Mc: Mark, Spacing Combining

EnclosingMark

Me: Mark, Enclosing

DecimalNumber

Nd: Number, Decimal

LetterNumber

Nl: Number, Letter

OtherNumber

No: Number, Other

ConnectorPunctuation

Pc: Punctuation, Connector

DashPunctuation

Pd: Punctuation, Dash

OpenPunctuation

Ps: Punctuation, Open

ClosePunctuation

Pe: Punctuation, Close

InitialQuote

Pi: Punctuation, Initial quote

FinalQuote

Pf: Punctuation, Final quote

OtherPunctuation

Po: Punctuation, Other

MathSymbol

Sm: Symbol, Math

CurrencySymbol

Sc: Symbol, Currency

ModifierSymbol

Sk: Symbol, Modifier

OtherSymbol

So: Symbol, Other

Space

Zs: Separator, Space

LineSeparator

Zl: Separator, Line

ParagraphSeparator

Zp: Separator, Paragraph

Control

Cc: Other, Control

Format

Cf: Other, Format

Surrogate

Cs: Other, Surrogate

PrivateUse

Co: Other, Private Use

NotAssigned

Cn: Other, Not Assigned

Instances
Bounded GeneralCategory 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Unicode

Enum GeneralCategory 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Unicode

Eq GeneralCategory 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Unicode

Ord GeneralCategory 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Unicode

Read GeneralCategory 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Read

Show GeneralCategory 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Unicode

Ix GeneralCategory 
Instance details

Defined in GHC.Unicode

Upper GeneralCategory 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Semilattice.Upper

Lower GeneralCategory 
Instance details

Defined in Data.Semilattice.Lower

generalCategory :: Char -> GeneralCategory #

The Unicode general category of the character. This relies on the Enum instance of GeneralCategory, which must remain in the same order as the categories are presented in the Unicode standard.

Examples

Expand

Basic usage:

>>> generalCategory 'a'
LowercaseLetter
>>> generalCategory 'A'
UppercaseLetter
>>> generalCategory '0'
DecimalNumber
>>> generalCategory '%'
OtherPunctuation
>>> generalCategory '♥'
OtherSymbol
>>> generalCategory '\31'
Control
>>> generalCategory ' '
Space

toUpper :: Char -> Char #

Convert a letter to the corresponding upper-case letter, if any. Any other character is returned unchanged.

toLower :: Char -> Char #

Convert a letter to the corresponding lower-case letter, if any. Any other character is returned unchanged.

toTitle :: Char -> Char #

Convert a letter to the corresponding title-case or upper-case letter, if any. (Title case differs from upper case only for a small number of ligature letters.) Any other character is returned unchanged.

ord :: Char -> Int #

The fromEnum method restricted to the type Char.

showChar :: Char -> ShowS #

utility function converting a Char to a show function that simply prepends the character unchanged.

showLitChar :: Char -> ShowS #

Convert a character to a string using only printable characters, using Haskell source-language escape conventions. For example:

showLitChar '\n' s  =  "\\n" ++ s

lexLitChar :: ReadS String #

Read a string representation of a character, using Haskell source-language escape conventions. For example:

lexLitChar  "\\nHello"  =  [("\\n", "Hello")]

readLitChar :: ReadS Char #

Read a string representation of a character, using Haskell source-language escape conventions, and convert it to the character that it encodes. For example:

readLitChar "\\nHello"  =  [('\n', "Hello")]