clash-prelude-1.8.1: Clash: a functional hardware description language - Prelude library
Copyright(C) 2015-2016 University of Twente
2017 Google Inc.
2019 Myrtle Software Ltd
2021-2022 QBayLogic B.V.
LicenseBSD2 (see the file LICENSE)
MaintainerQBayLogic B.V. <devops@qbaylogic.com>
Safe HaskellUnsafe
LanguageHaskell2010
Extensions
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  • DataKinds
  • InstanceSigs
  • StandaloneDeriving
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  • FlexibleContexts
  • MagicHash
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  • BinaryLiterals
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Clash.Prelude.ROM.File

Description

Initializing a ROM with a data file

ROMs initialized with a data file. The BNF grammar for this data file is simple:

FILE = LINE+
LINE = BIT+
BIT  = '0'
     | '1'

Consecutive LINEs correspond to consecutive memory addresses starting at 0. For example, a data file memory.bin containing the 9-bit unsigned numbers 7 to 13 looks like:

000000111
000001000
000001001
000001010
000001011
000001100
000001101

Such a file can be produced with memFile:

writeFile "memory.bin" (memFile Nothing [7 :: Unsigned 9 .. 13])

We can instantiate a synchronous ROM using the contents of the file above like so:

f :: (HiddenClock dom, HiddenEnable dom)
   => Signal dom (Unsigned 3)
   -> Signal dom (Unsigned 9)
f rd = unpack <$> romFile d7 "memory.bin" rd

And see that it works as expected:

>>> import qualified Data.List as L
>>> L.tail $ sampleN 4 $ f (fromList [3..5])
[10,11,12]

However, we can also interpret the same data as a tuple of a 6-bit unsigned number, and a 3-bit signed number:

g :: (HiddenClock dom, HiddenEnable dom)
  => Signal dom (Unsigned 3)
  -> Signal dom (Unsigned 6,Signed 3)
g rd = unpack <$> romFile d7 "memory.bin" rd

And then we would see:

>>> import qualified Data.List as L
>>> L.tail $ sampleN 4 $ g (fromList [3..5])
[(1,2),(1,3)(1,-4)]
Synopsis

Asynchronous ROM

asyncRomFile Source #

Arguments

:: (KnownNat m, Enum addr) 
=> SNat n

Size of the ROM

-> FilePath

File describing the content of the ROM

-> addr

Read address r

-> BitVector m

The value of the ROM at address r

An asynchronous/combinational ROM with space for n elements

  • NB: This function might not work for specific combinations of code-generation backends and hardware targets. Please check the support table below:
VHDLVerilogSystemVerilog
Altera/QuartusBrokenWorksWorks
Xilinx/ISEWorksWorksWorks
ASICUntestedUntestedUntested

See also:

  • See Clash.Prelude.ROM.File for more information on how to instantiate a ROM with the contents of a data file.
  • See Clash.Sized.Fixed for ideas on how to create your own data files.
  • When you notice that asyncRomFile is significantly slowing down your simulation, give it a monomorphic type signature. So instead of leaving the type to be inferred:

    myRomData = asyncRomFile d512 "memory.bin"
    

    or giving it a polymorphic type signature:

    myRomData :: Enum addr => addr -> BitVector 16
    myRomData = asyncRomFile d512 "memory.bin"
    

    you should give it a monomorphic type signature:

    myRomData :: Unsigned 9 -> BitVector 16
    myRomData = asyncRomFile d512 "memory.bin"
    

asyncRomFilePow2 Source #

Arguments

:: forall n m. (KnownNat m, KnownNat n) 
=> FilePath

File describing the content of the ROM

-> Unsigned n

Read address r

-> BitVector m

The value of the ROM at address r

An asynchronous/combinational ROM with space for 2^n elements

  • NB: This function might not work for specific combinations of code-generation backends and hardware targets. Please check the support table below:
VHDLVerilogSystemVerilog
Altera/QuartusBrokenWorksWorks
Xilinx/ISEWorksWorksWorks
ASICUntestedUntestedUntested

See also:

  • See Clash.Prelude.ROM.File for more information on how to instantiate a ROM with the contents of a data file.
  • See Clash.Sized.Fixed for ideas on how to create your own data files.
  • When you notice that asyncRomFilePow2 is significantly slowing down your simulation, give it a monomorphic type signature. So instead of leaving the type to be inferred:

    myRomData = asyncRomFilePow2 "memory.bin"
    

    you should give it a monomorphic type signature:

    myRomData :: Unsigned 9 -> BitVector 16
    myRomData = asyncRomFilePow2 "memory.bin"
    

Synchronous ROM synchronized to an arbitrary clock

romFile Source #

Arguments

:: (KnownNat m, KnownNat n, HiddenClock dom, HiddenEnable dom, Enum addr) 
=> SNat n

Size of the ROM

-> FilePath

File describing the content of the ROM

-> Signal dom addr

Read address r

-> Signal dom (BitVector m)

The value of the ROM at address r from the previous clock cycle

A ROM with a synchronous read port, with space for n elements

  • NB: Read value is delayed by 1 cycle
  • NB: Initial output value is undefined, reading it will throw an XException
  • NB: This function might not work for specific combinations of code-generation backends and hardware targets. Please check the support table below:
VHDLVerilogSystemVerilog
Altera/QuartusBrokenWorksWorks
Xilinx/ISEWorksWorksWorks
ASICUntestedUntestedUntested

See also:

romFilePow2 Source #

Arguments

:: forall n m dom. (KnownNat m, KnownNat n, HiddenClock dom, HiddenEnable dom) 
=> FilePath

File describing the content of the ROM

-> Signal dom (Unsigned n)

Read address r

-> Signal dom (BitVector m)

The value of the ROM at address r from the previous clock cycle

A ROM with a synchronous read port, with space for 2^n elements

  • NB: Read value is delayed by 1 cycle
  • NB: Initial output value is undefined, reading it will throw an XException
  • NB: This function might not work for specific combinations of code-generation backends and hardware targets. Please check the support table below:
VHDLVerilogSystemVerilog
Altera/QuartusBrokenWorksWorks
Xilinx/ISEWorksWorksWorks
ASICUntestedUntestedUntested

See also:

Producing files

memFile Source #

Arguments

:: forall a f. (BitPack a, Foldable f, HasCallStack) 
=> Maybe Bit

Value to map don't care bits to. Nothing means throwing an error on don't care bits.

-> f a

Values to convert

-> String

Contents of the memory file

Convert data to the String contents of a memory file.

Example

The Maybe datatype has don't care bits, where the actual value does not matter. But the bits need a defined value in the memory. Either 0 or 1 can be used, and both are valid representations of the data.

>>> let es = [ Nothing, Just (7 :: Unsigned 8), Just 8]
>>> mapM_ (putStrLn . show . pack) es
0b0_...._....
0b1_0000_0111
0b1_0000_1000
>>> putStr (memFile (Just 0) es)
000000000
100000111
100001000
>>> putStr (memFile (Just 1) es)
011111111
100000111
100001000

Internal

asyncRomFile# Source #

Arguments

:: KnownNat m 
=> SNat n

Size of the ROM

-> FilePath

File describing the content of the ROM

-> Int

Read address r

-> BitVector m

The value of the ROM at address r

asyncRomFile primitive