| bktrees-0.1.1: A set data structure with approximate searching | Contents | Index |
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Data.Set.BKTree | Portability | portable | Stability | Alpha quality. Interface may change without notice. | Maintainer | josef.svenningsson@gmail.com |
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Description |
Burhard-Keller trees provide an implementation of sets which apart
from the ordinary operations also has an approximate member search,
allowing you to search for elements that are of a distance n from
the element you are searching for. The distance is determined using
a metric on the type of elements. Therefore all elements must
implement the Metric type class, rather than the more usual
Ord.
Useful metrics include the manhattan distance between two points,
the Levenshtein edit distance between two strings, the number of
edges in the shortest path between two nodes in a undirected graph
and the Hamming distance between two binary strings. Any euclidean
space also has a metric. However, in this module we use int-valued
metrics and that doesn't quite with the metrics of euclidean spaces
which are real-values.
The worst case complexity of many of these operations is quite bad,
but the expected behavior varies greatly with the metric. For
example, the discrete metric (distance x y | y == x = 0 |
otherwise = 1) makes BK-trees behave abysmally. The metrics
mentioned above should give good performance characteristics.
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Synopsis |
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Documentation |
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data BKTree a |
The type of Burhard-Keller trees.
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class Eq a => Metric a where |
A type is Metric if is has a function distance which has the following
properties:
All types of elements to BKTree must implement Metric.
This definition of a metric deviates from the mathematical one in that it
returns an integer instead of a real number. The reason for choosing
integers is that I wanted to avoid the rather unpredictable rounding
of floating point numbers.
| | Methods | distance :: a -> a -> Int |
| | Instances | |
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null :: BKTree a -> Bool |
Test if the tree is empty.
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empty :: BKTree a |
The empty tree.
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fromList :: Metric a => [a] -> BKTree a |
Constructs a tree from a list
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singleton :: a -> BKTree a |
The tree with a single element
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insert :: Metric a => a -> BKTree a -> BKTree a |
Inserts an element into the tree. If an element is inserted several times
it will be stored several times.
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member :: Metric a => a -> BKTree a -> Bool |
Checks whether an element is in the tree.
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memberDistance :: Metric a => Int -> a -> BKTree a -> Bool |
Approximate searching. memberDistance n a tree will return true if
there is an element in tree which has a distance less than or equal to
n from a.
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delete :: Metric a => a -> BKTree a -> BKTree a |
Removes an element from the tree. If an element occurs several times in
the only the first occurrence will be deleted.
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union :: Metric a => BKTree a -> BKTree a -> BKTree a |
Merges two trees
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unions :: Metric a => [BKTree a] -> BKTree a |
Merges several trees
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elems :: BKTree a -> [a] |
Returns all the elements of the tree
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elemsDistance :: Metric a => Int -> a -> BKTree a -> [a] |
elemsDistance n a tree returns all the elements in tree which are
at a distance less than or equal to n from the element a.
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closest :: Metric a => a -> BKTree a -> Maybe (a, Int) |
closest a tree returns the element in tree which is closest to
a together with the distance. Returns Nothing if the tree is empty.
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Produced by Haddock version 0.8 |