“Hello,” said the spider. “‘Shelob’ is my name.”
``` ``` 'A', 'B', and 'C' are letters. .‘A’, ‘B’, and ‘C’ are letters.
``` ``` 'Oak,' 'elm,' and 'beech' are names of trees. So is 'pine.' .‘Oak,’ ‘elm,’ and ‘beech’ are names of trees. So is ‘pine.’
``` ``` 'He said, "I want to go."' .‘He said, “I want to go.”’
``` A single quote that isn't an open quote matched with a close quote will be treated as an apostrophe: ``` Were you alive in the '70s? .Were you alive in the ’70s?
``` ``` Here is some quoted '`code`' and a "[quoted link](url)". .Here is some quoted ‘code’ and a “quoted link”.
’tis the season to be ‘jolly’
``` Multiple apostrophes should not be marked as open/closing quotes. ``` 'We'll use Jane's boat and John's truck,' Jenna said. .‘We’ll use Jane’s boat and John’s truck,’ Jenna said.
``` An unmatched double quote will be interpreted as a left double quote, to facilitate this style: ``` "A paragraph with no closing quote. "Second paragraph by same speaker, in fiction." .“A paragraph with no closing quote.
“Second paragraph by same speaker, in fiction.”
``` A quote following a `]` or `)` character cannot be an open quote: ``` [a]'s b' .[a]’s b’
``` Quotes that are escaped come out as literal straight quotes: ``` \"This is not smart.\" This isn\'t either. 5\'8\" ."This is not smart." This isn't either. 5'8"
``` Doubled quotes are treated as nested: ``` ''hi'' .‘‘hi’’
``` Heuristics for determining openers and closers can be overridden using `{` and `}`: ``` {''}hi{''} .‘’hi‘’
``` Two hyphens form an en-dash, three an em-dash. ``` Some dashes: em---em en--en em --- em en -- en 2--3 .Some dashes: em—em en–en em — em en – en 2–3
``` A sequence of more than three hyphens is parsed as a sequence of em and/or en dashes, with no hyphens. If possible, a homogeneous sequence of dashes is used (so, 10 hyphens = 5 en dashes, and 9 hyphens = 3 em dashes). When a heterogeneous sequence must be used, the em dashes come first, followed by the en dashes, and as few en dashes as possible are used (so, 7 hyphens = 2 em dashes an 1 en dash). ``` one- two-- three--- four---- five----- six------ seven------- eight-------- nine--------- thirteen-------------. .one- two– three— four–– five—– six—— seven—–– eight–––– nine——— thirteen———––.
``` Hyphens can be escaped: ``` Escaped hyphens: \-- \-\-\-. .Escaped hyphens: -- ---.
``` Three periods form an ellipsis: ``` Ellipses...and...and.... .Ellipses…and…and….
``` Periods can be escaped if ellipsis-formation is not wanted: ``` No ellipses\.\.\. .No ellipses...
```